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The Cornell Veterinarian Jan 1969
Topics: Animals; Arsenic Poisoning; Arsenicals; Cerebellum; Drinking Behavior; Liver; Spinal Cord; Swine; Swine Diseases; Water
PubMed: 5812497
DOI: No ID Found -
Immunology Jul 1967Adult guinea-pigs injected with a small monovalent conjugate of arsanilic acid, from 2 weeks before to the day of immunization, with hapten-conjugate in adjuvant show a...
Adult guinea-pigs injected with a small monovalent conjugate of arsanilic acid, from 2 weeks before to the day of immunization, with hapten-conjugate in adjuvant show a profound depression of hapten-specific delayed sensitivity. The same conjugate given 1–2 weeks after immunization is no longer effective. More than 95 per cent of the intravenously administered monovalent conjugate was found to be excreted in 5 days. Passively administered antibody was without effect on the subsequent development of the hapten-specific delayed sensitivity. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the non-immunizing intravenous injection of monovalent conjugate is paralysing to precursor cells if given first, but that once these cells are engaged by adjuvant immunization they are no longer repressible but only transiently inhibitable, as long as high concentrations of monovalent conjugate remain in the circulation.
Topics: Animals; Arsenicals; Guinea Pigs; Haptens; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immune Tolerance; Male; Peptides; Tritium; Tyrosine
PubMed: 6027785
DOI: No ID Found -
Poultry Science Jul 1966
Topics: Aminobenzoates; Animals; Arsenicals; Body Weight; Dietary Proteins; Eggs; Poultry
PubMed: 6007821
DOI: 10.3382/ps.0450838 -
The Journal of Experimental Medicine Feb 1966Hapten-specific delayed hypersensitivity was produced by immunization of guinea pigs with arsanilic acid conjugated to N-acetyltyrosine or other small aromatic...
Hapten-specific delayed hypersensitivity was produced by immunization of guinea pigs with arsanilic acid conjugated to N-acetyltyrosine or other small aromatic molecules. Such hapten-specific delayed sensitivity could be passively transferred by peritoneal exudate cells. While a conjugate made from a polymer of D-amino acids was ineffective in producing sensitization, the conjugate made with D-tyrosine was effective, suggesting that the inability of D-amino acid polymers to be broken down by enzymes might be bypassed by use of the monomer. The effectiveness of such monomers in producing delayed sensitivity, but not antibody production, is consistent with a hypothesis that different types of antigenic determinants are involved in the production of each.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Antigens; Arsenicals; Exudates and Transudates; Guinea Pigs; Haptens; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunochemistry; Peritoneum; Tyrosine
PubMed: 5905240
DOI: 10.1084/jem.123.2.229 -
The Journal of Experimental Medicine Sep 1965Injections of various conjugates of arsanilic acid into newborn guinea pigs produced a specific tolerance in respect to subsequent development of hapten-specific delayed...
Immunochemical study of antigenic specificity in delayed hypersensitivity. IV. The production of unresponsiveness to delayed hypersensitivity with a single antigenic determinant.
Injections of various conjugates of arsanilic acid into newborn guinea pigs produced a specific tolerance in respect to subsequent development of hapten-specific delayed hypersensitivity. In general, larger polyvalent conjugates produced longer lasting and more profound suppression of delayed sensitivity than did the smaller ones. Carrier injections alone were ineffective. At lower doses of conjugate, breakthrough of tolerance occurred first with animals immunized with the heterologous carrier conjugate. The duration of tolerance produced by injection of monovalent conjugates into neonates is in contrast to the transient inhibition produced by the same conjugates in previously sensitized animals, suggesting that different target cells may be involved in these two phenomena.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Antigens; Arsenicals; Guinea Pigs; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immune Tolerance; Immunochemistry; Peptides; Serum Albumin; Serum Albumin, Bovine
PubMed: 5839283
DOI: 10.1084/jem.122.3.505 -
Canadian Journal of Comparative... Jul 1965A 5 year history of swine dysentery and treatment has been described.In 1964, a severe outbreak diagnosed as Vibrionic dysentery in 166 litters farrowed from January -...
A 5 year history of swine dysentery and treatment has been described.In 1964, a severe outbreak diagnosed as Vibrionic dysentery in 166 litters farrowed from January - March caused a death loss of 30.3 per cent of the total number weaned. This outbreak was not checked with an organic arsenic, sodium arsanilate, which had previously been relatively effective.A subsequent farrow of 133 litters (June - August, 1964) was infected and again sodium arsanilate was ineffective. Microscopic examination of smears of representative fecal samples revealed the presence of a heavy concentration of vibrio-like organisms. Two test-barns, housing 140 and 172 pigs respectively, were treated with tylosin-tartrate, using one side of each barn as a control, while the other side was being treated. Subsequently, the control sides were treated. Both levels of tylosin used, 1 gm and 2 gm per U.S. gallon of water, resulted in the disappearance of fluid feces within 48 hours of treatment. Soft, granular feces were still present 6-9 days after the start of treatment at the 1 gm level, while in case of the 2 gm level of tylosin, all feces were normal on the third day after medication started. Microscopic examination of feces collected on the third day of treatment still revealed the presence of some vibrio-like organisms. However, these organisms could not be detected in examination of feces collected between 10 to 25 days after treatment. In this test there was no recurrence of dysentery.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Arsanilic Acid; Drug Therapy; Dysentery; Feces; Swine; Swine Diseases; Treponemal Infections; Tylosin; Veterinary Medicine; Vibrio
PubMed: 14300858
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Experimental Medicine Feb 1965Experimental autoimmunity was produced in rabbits following injection of altered homologous thyroglobulin. The thyroglobulin was altered by coupling to chemically...
Experimental autoimmunity was produced in rabbits following injection of altered homologous thyroglobulin. The thyroglobulin was altered by coupling to chemically defined haptens and by heating. With some preparations antibody to native thyroglobulin as well as thyroid lesions were produced. Injections of thyroglobulin coupled to the diazonium derivatives of arsanilic acid and sulfanilic acid were effective when given in either soluble form or incorporated into incomplete Freund's adjuvant) while injections of the same preparations precipitated by alum had relatively little effect on production of antibody or induction of lesions. The injection of native thyroglobulin in soluble form, incorporated into incomplete adjuvant or precipitated by alum usually resulted in production of little or no antibody and only rarely in the formation of lesions. The injection of a heterologous thyroglobulin into rabbits resulted in the production of antibody reacting with both the heterologous and rabbit thyroglobulin, but no thyroid lesions were observed.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Antibodies; Antibody Formation; Autoantibodies; Autoimmunity; Freund's Adjuvant; Immunization; Injections; Lipids; Rabbits; Research; Thyroglobulin; Thyroid Gland; Thyroiditis; Vaccination
PubMed: 14264273
DOI: 10.1084/jem.121.2.289 -
The Journal of Experimental Medicine Mar 1964The electrophoretic mobilities of guinea pig gamma(1) and gamma(2) antibodies bearing different specificities were compared in agar gel at pH 8.2. Specifically purified...
The electrophoretic mobilities of guinea pig gamma(1) and gamma(2) antibodies bearing different specificities were compared in agar gel at pH 8.2. Specifically purified antibodies bearing the same immunological specificity showed the same electrophoretic mobility, but significant differences in mobility were observed when antibodies with certain selected different specificities were compared. The specificity of the carrier protein appeared not to affect the mobilities of antihapten antibodies. Differences in mobility have also been shown between gamma(1) antihapten antibodies produced by individual guinea pigs immunized concomitantly with 2,4-dinitrophenyl bovine gamma globulin and arsanilic acid azo guinea pig albumin. The differences in the net electrophoretic charge between antibodies with different specificities roughly paralleled that of their S fragments produced by papain digestion.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Blood Protein Electrophoresis; Cattle; Guinea Pigs; Immunoelectrophoresis; Papain; Research; gamma-Globulins
PubMed: 14129712
DOI: 10.1084/jem.119.3.409 -
The Journal of Experimental Medicine Dec 1963An effort was made to immunize guinea pigs with arsanilic acid conjugates of copolymers of D- and L-alpha-amino acids; ASD-GAT and ASL-GAT. An immune response was...
An effort was made to immunize guinea pigs with arsanilic acid conjugates of copolymers of D- and L-alpha-amino acids; ASD-GAT and ASL-GAT. An immune response was observed only in the case of ASL-GAT. Antibodies specific for the arsanilic acid hapten were produced which could also react with ASD-GAT or ASGPA. These findings indicate that the proper metabolism of the antigen may be essential to the induction of the immune response.
Topics: Alanine; Animals; Antibodies; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Antigens; Arsanilic Acid; Arsenicals; Glutamates; Guinea Pigs; Immunization; Lysine; Polymers; Precipitin Tests; Proteins; Research; Tyrosine
PubMed: 14112273
DOI: 10.1084/jem.118.6.945 -
The Journal of Experimental Medicine Jun 1963Delayed hypersensitivity in guinea pigs was produced by immunization. with a conjugate prepared by coupling diazotized arsanilic acid to polytyrosine. The resulting...
Delayed hypersensitivity in guinea pigs was produced by immunization. with a conjugate prepared by coupling diazotized arsanilic acid to polytyrosine. The resulting sensitivity could be demonstrated by skin test with conjugates prepared from a wide variety of tyrosine-containing proteins. Definite but smaller degrees of sensitivity could be induced with conjugates of proteins containing little or no tyrosine. The apparent absence of carrier-specificity is considered to be due to the narrowed range of immunologic response produced by immunization with polytyrosine-azobenzenearsonate. Injections of the hapten N-acetyltyrosine-azobenzenearsonate was found to suppress completely the delayed reaction attributable to the tyrosine-azobenzenearsonate group. The same hapten was only slightly effective in suppressing reactions in guinea pigs immunized with guinea pig serum albumin-azobenzenearsonate, suggesting that a broader range of specificities is involved with such antigens. Confirmation of such increased range of specificity attributable to antigenic determinants contributed by the carrier protein was obtained by desensitization studies with N-acetyltyrosine-azobenzenearsonate and guinea pig serum albumin-azobenzoate. While separately these materials produced only a slight decrease in skin reactivity to guinea pig serum albumin-azobenzenearsonate, the combination was found to give almost complete suppression.
Topics: Animals; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Antigens; Arsenicals; Carrier Proteins; Epitopes; Guinea Pigs; Haptens; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunization; Peptides; Proteins; Serum Albumin; Skin Tests; Tyrosine
PubMed: 13929877
DOI: 10.1084/jem.117.6.909