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Skinmed 2021A 37-year-old man with a history of renal transplantation in 2013 due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis presented to the emergency room with a 2-week history of...
A 37-year-old man with a history of renal transplantation in 2013 due to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis presented to the emergency room with a 2-week history of fever, chills, anorexia, weight loss, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and a new asymptomatic lesion on the right side of the neck. The patient worked as a truck driver and frequently traveled to Wisconsin; he had not traveled internationally in the past year. He lived with his brother who had a pet cat. He was compliant with his anti-rejection medication regimen, which included mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, and prednisone. Physical examination of the neck revealed an 8-mm exophytic, friable, red papule with overlying blood crusts (Figure 1). The remainder of the mucocutaneous examination was unremarkable, and there was no palpable lymphadenopathy. The patient was started on empiric intravenous cefepime and metronidazole and admitted to the hospital for further management. A punch biopsy of the lesion was performed.
Topics: Adult; Angiomatosis, Bacillary; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Neck; Prednisone
PubMed: 33938441
DOI: No ID Found -
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2021, , and are bacteria known to cause verruga peruana or bacillary angiomatosis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent cutaneous lesions in humans. Given...
, , and are bacteria known to cause verruga peruana or bacillary angiomatosis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent cutaneous lesions in humans. Given the bacteria's association with the dermal niche and clinical suspicion of occult infection by a dermatologist, we determined if patients with melanoma had evidence of spp. infection. Within a one-month period, eight patients previously diagnosed with melanoma volunteered to be tested for evidence of spp. exposure/infection. Subsequently, confocal immunohistochemistry and PCR for spp. were used to study melanoma tissues from two patients. Blood from seven of the eight patients was either seroreactive, PCR positive, or positive by both modalities for spp. exposure. Subsequently, organisms that co-localized with VEGFC immunoreactivity were visualized using multi-immunostaining confocal microscopy of thick skin sections from two patients. Using a co-culture model, was observed to enter melanoma cell cytoplasm and resulted in increased vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) production. Findings from this small number of patients support the need for future investigations to determine the extent to which spp. are a component of the melanoma pathobiome.
PubMed: 33802018
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10030326 -
Sensors and Actuators. B, Chemical Feb 2021This review reports the recent advances in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based lateral flow assay (LFA) platforms for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. As...
This review reports the recent advances in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based lateral flow assay (LFA) platforms for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. As observed through the recent infection outbreaks of COVID-19 worldwide, a timely diagnosis of the disease is critical for preventing the spread of a disease and to ensure epidemic preparedness. In this regard, an innovative point-of-care diagnostic method is essential. Recently, SERS-based assay platforms have received increasing attention in medical communities owing to their high sensitivity and multiplex detection capability. In contrast, LFAs provide a user-friendly and easily accessible sensing platform. Thus, the combination of LFAs with a SERS detection system provides a new diagnostic modality for accurate and rapid diagnoses of infectious diseases. In this context, we briefly discuss the recent application of LFA platforms for the POC diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Thereafter, we focus on the recent advances in SERS-based LFA platforms for the early diagnosis of infectious diseases and their applicability for the rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, the key issues that need to be addressed to accelerate the clinical translation of SERS-based LFA platforms from the research laboratory to the bedside are discussed.
PubMed: 36568647
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.129214 -
Cureus Sep 2020HIV is a global epidemic that needs a multidisciplinary approach. Gastrointestinal bleeding is uncommon in HIV-positive patients. In cases such as bacillary...
HIV is a global epidemic that needs a multidisciplinary approach. Gastrointestinal bleeding is uncommon in HIV-positive patients. In cases such as bacillary angiomatosis, Kaposi sarcoma, herpes simplex, histoplasmosis, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis, the underlying reason could be HIV. The reason could also be unrelated to HIV, such as peptic ulceration, esophageal varices, and Mallory-Weiss. In our case, we report a patient who was admitted to the hospital three times. In the first admittance, he indicated using multiple nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); however, we could not find the bleeding focus. He underwent surgery, at which time we detected a Kaposi sarcoma.
PubMed: 33133853
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.10688 -
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine Jul 2020Bacillary angiomatosis represents a cutaneous and systemic infection caused by species, typically described in the past in HIV-positive patients or associated with...
Bacillary angiomatosis represents a cutaneous and systemic infection caused by species, typically described in the past in HIV-positive patients or associated with immunodeficiencies. More recent case reports had brought into attention the probability that this entity may manifest in otherwise healthy individuals, triggered by trauma and skin burns. The physiopathology of this neoproliferative process is based on the production of angiogenetic molecules, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IL-8. In case of an inadequate treatment, the evolution can be fatal, with a systemic dissemination of the abscesses within the gastro-intestinal tract, respiratory tract, brain and bones. The appropriate therapy is with oral erythromycin and doxycycline, but several treatments such as cephalosporins, penicillins, macrolides, aminoglycosides, rifampin, dapsone, ciprofloxacin, have been tried with favorable results. Herein we present the case of a Caucasian patient, seronegative for HIV, who developed multiple vascular papules and nodules on the face, after a severe trauma and which healed after an adequate antibiotic therapy with oral clarithromycin.
PubMed: 32508994
DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8260 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Sep 2020Doxycycline is a synthetic tetracycline that was approved in 1967. This wide-spectrum antibiotic has been shown to also have useful anti-inflammatory properties that...
Doxycycline is a synthetic tetracycline that was approved in 1967. This wide-spectrum antibiotic has been shown to also have useful anti-inflammatory properties that make it suitable for the treatment of a number of noninfectious conditions. Tetracyclines are probably the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in dermatology, where they are usually used at doses lower than those effective against infections. They also have an excellent efficacy and safety profile. Because of doxycycline's ability to inhibit the molecular pathways associated with certain processes, this antibiotic can be used to treat hair follicle diseases, granulomatous diseases, and vascular proliferation, among other conditions. The main properties of doxycycline and its many applications in dermatology make this drug one that specialists should become familiar with.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Dermatology; Doxycycline; Tetracyclines
PubMed: 32401726
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2019.12.006 -
Transplantation Proceedings Oct 2020Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is a rare, opportunistic infectious disease caused by the aerobic Gram-negative bacilli Bartonella henselae or Bartonella quintana. The main...
INTRODUCTION
Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is a rare, opportunistic infectious disease caused by the aerobic Gram-negative bacilli Bartonella henselae or Bartonella quintana. The main reservoir for those microbes are cats. The disease mostly affects immunocompromised patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, after organ transplantation, undergoing corticosteroid and methotrexate therapy or with oncological history.
CASE REPORT
We represent the case of a 65-year-old man who reported to the Department of Dermatology with a high fever and numerous nodular skin lesions on the 5th month of kidney transplantation. At that time, his immunosuppressive therapy consisted of tacrolimus 6 mg/day, mycophenolate mofetil 2 g/day, and prednisone 5 mg/day. Laboratory tests revealed an increased leukocyte count and elevated values of acute-phase proteins, but blood cultures were negative. Skin biopsy was performed and BA was diagnosed. The patient was given oral doxycycline 100 mg twice a day. During antibiotic therapy, his body temperature normalized and skin lesions began to resolve. The patient continued the above treatment for the next 3 months with good tolerance, and no relapse occurred in 1 year.
CONCLUSION
BA should be listed among possible opportunistic infections in organ transplant recipients.
Topics: Aged; Angiomatosis, Bacillary; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bartonella henselae; Cats; Doxycycline; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Immunosuppression Therapy; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Opportunistic Infections; Postoperative Complications; Skin
PubMed: 32334794
DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.02.092 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Mar 2020Tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) is an infectious disease, mainly caused by species from the spotted fever group rickettsiae and is characterized by enlarged lymph...
BACKGROUND
Tick-borne lymphadenopathy (TIBOLA) is an infectious disease, mainly caused by species from the spotted fever group rickettsiae and is characterized by enlarged lymph nodes following a tick bite. Among cases of TIBOLA, a case of scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy after tick bite (SENLAT) is diagnosed when an eschar is present on the scalp, accompanied by peripheral lymphadenopathy (LAP). Only a few cases of SENLAT caused by Bartonella henselae have been reported.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 58-year-old male sought medical advice while suffering from high fever and diarrhea. Three weeks before the visit, he had been hunting a water deer, and upon bringing the deer home discovered a tick on his scalp area. Symptoms occurred one week after hunting, and a lump was palpated on the right neck area 6 days after the onset of symptoms. Physical examination upon presentation confirmed an eschar-like lesion on the right scalp area, and cervical palpation revealed that the lymph nodes on the right side were non-painful and enlarged at 2.5 × 1.5 cm. Fine needle aspiration of the enlarged lymph nodes was performed, and results of nested PCR for the Bartonella internal transcribed spacer (ITS) confirmed B. henselae as the causative agent.
CONCLUSION
With an isolated case of SENLAT and a confirmation of B. henselae in Korea, it is pertinent to raise awareness to physicians in other Asian countries that B. henselae could be a causative agent for SENLAT.
Topics: Angiomatosis, Bacillary; Animals; Bartonella henselae; Humans; Lymphadenopathy; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Republic of Korea; Scalp Dermatoses; Tick Bites
PubMed: 32164559
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4940-0 -
IDCases 2019We report a case of bacillary angiomatosis in a solid organ transplant recipient with typical skin lesions. Bacillary angiomatosis is an uncommon disease characterized...
We report a case of bacillary angiomatosis in a solid organ transplant recipient with typical skin lesions. Bacillary angiomatosis is an uncommon disease characterized by neovascular proliferation caused by infection with Bartonella henselae or Bartonella quintana. Bacillary angiomatosis was first described in patients with HIV and CD4 cell counts <100/μL, but also occur in patients with other causes of immune deficiency. The disease usually manifests as skin tumors, and may involve other organs, most commonly the spleen and liver, known as peliosis. The involvement of internal organs can lead to fatal disease. Diagnosis is based on histology, culture, PCR and serology. The optimal antibiotic regimen and treatment duration for bacillary angiomatosis has not been established. Most authors recommend prolonged treatment (usually 12 weeks) of doxycycline or macrolide with addition of rifampicin or gentamycin for patients with severe disease. Recurrence after treatment is not rare. Suppressive therapy may be considered for patients with relapse after 12 weeks of therapy and continuous immunosuppression.
PubMed: 31828013
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00649 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2019Bartonellosis are diseases caused by any kind of Bartonella species. The infection manifests as asymptomatic bacteremia to potentially fatal disorders. Many species are... (Review)
Review
Bartonellosis are diseases caused by any kind of Bartonella species. The infection manifests as asymptomatic bacteremia to potentially fatal disorders. Many species are pathogenic to humans, but three are responsible for most clinical symptoms: Bartonella bacilliformis, Bartonella quintana, and Bartonella henselae. Peruvian wart, caused by B. bacilliformis, may be indistinguishable from bacillary angiomatosis caused by the other two species. Other cutaneous manifestations include maculo-papular rash in trench fever, papules or nodules in cat scratch disease, and vasculitis (often associated with endocarditis). In addition, febrile morbilliform rash, purpura, urticaria, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, erythema marginatus, granuloma annularis, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, granulomatous reactions, and angioproliferative reactions may occur. Considering the broad spectrum of infection and the potential complications associated with Bartonella spp., the infection should be considered by physicians more frequently among the differential diagnoses of idiopathic conditions. Health professionals and researchers often neglected this diseases.
Topics: Bartonella; Bartonella Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Transfusion Reaction
PubMed: 31780437
DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2019.09.024