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New Microbes and New Infections Jun 2024
PubMed: 38799834
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101326 -
IScience Jun 2024We have purified Peptidase M84 from in an effort to isolate anticancer proteases from environmental microbial isolates. This metallo-protease had no discernible impact...
We have purified Peptidase M84 from in an effort to isolate anticancer proteases from environmental microbial isolates. This metallo-protease had no discernible impact on normal cell survival, but it specifically induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. PAR-1, a GPCR which is reported to be overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells, was identified as a target of Peptidase M84. We observed that Peptidase M84 induced PAR-1 overexpression along with activating its downstream signaling effectors NF-κB and MAPK to promote excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This evoked apoptotic death of the ovarian cancer cells through the intrinsic route. In set-up, weekly intraperitoneal administration of Peptidase M84 in syngeneic mice significantly diminished ascites accumulation, increasing murine survival rates by 60%. Collectively, our findings suggested that Peptidase M84 triggered PAR-1-mediated oxidative stress to act as an apoptosis inducer. This established Peptidase M84 as a drug candidate for receptor mediated targeted-therapy of ovarian cancer.
PubMed: 38799586
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109828 -
ACS Omega May 2024Four new cytochalasans, marchaetoglobins A-D (), along with five known compounds (), were isolated from the marine-sponge-associated fungus 162105. Compounds represent...
Four new cytochalasans, marchaetoglobins A-D (), along with five known compounds (), were isolated from the marine-sponge-associated fungus 162105. Compounds represent examples of 19,20--chaetoglobosins, of which compound is the first furan-containing cytochalasan. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism calculations. Compounds , , and displayed weak to moderate antibacterial activities against , , , and pv. with minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 5 to 25 μg/mL. In addition, compounds , , and showed potent proangiogenic activity in transgenic zebrafish, comparable to the positive control.
PubMed: 38799354
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02488 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2024The rhizosphere is a complex ecosystem, consisting of a narrow soil zone influenced by plant roots and inhabited by soil-borne microorganisms. Plants actively shape the...
The rhizosphere is a complex ecosystem, consisting of a narrow soil zone influenced by plant roots and inhabited by soil-borne microorganisms. Plants actively shape the rhizosphere microbiome through root exudates. Some metabolites are signaling molecules specifically functioning as chemoattractants rather than nutrients. These elusive signaling molecules have been sought for several decades, and yet little progress has been made. Root-secreted nucleosides and deoxynucleosides were detected in exudates of various plants by targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Rhizobacteria were isolated from the roots of carrying the mycorrhizal desert truffle . Chemotaxis was determined by a glass capillary assay or plate assays on semisolid agar and through a soil plate assay. Nucleosides were identified in root exudates of plants that inhabit diverse ecological niches. Nucleosides induced positive chemotaxis in plant beneficial bacteria , , spp., , and the pathogenic rhizobacterium and . In a soil plate assay, nucleosides diffused to substantial distances and evoked chemotaxis under conditions as close as possible to natural environments. This study implies that root-secreted nucleosides are involved in the assembly of the rhizosphere bacterial community by inducing chemotaxis toward plant roots. In animals, nucleoside secretion known as "purinergic signaling" is involved in communication between cells, physiological processes, diseases, phagocytic cell migration, and bacterial activity. The coliform bacterium that inhabits the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms also attracted to nucleosides, implying that nucleosides may serve as a common signal for bacterial species inhabiting distinct habitats. Taken together, all these may indicate that chemotaxis signaling by nucleosides is a conserved universal mechanism that encompasses living kingdoms and environments and should be given further attention in plant rhizosphere microbiome research.
PubMed: 38799096
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1388384 -
Food Chemistry: X Jun 2024Probiotic strains can solve the problems of single flavor and long fermentation time of fermented products caused by the lack of certain functional genes and... (Review)
Review
Probiotic strains can solve the problems of single flavor and long fermentation time of fermented products caused by the lack of certain functional genes and insufficient metabolism ability of fermenter strains (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium) at the present stage. There is a lack of systematic evaluation and review of probiotic as food fermentation agents. In this paper, it is observed that probiotic strains are involved to varying degrees in liquid-state, semi-solid state, and solid-state fermentation and are widely present in solid-state fermented foods. Probiotic strains not only produce abundant proteases and lipases, but also effective antifungal lipopeptides and extracellular polymers, thus enhancing the flavor, nutritional value and safety of fermented foods. with probiotic qualities is an underutilized group of probiotic food fermentation agents, which give a potential for the development of fermentation technology in the food business and the integration of ancient traditional fermentation techniques.
PubMed: 38798797
DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101465 -
Food Chemistry May 2024The influence of four microbial biostimulants containing various strains of Bacillus subtilis and/or Paenibacillus sp. on the quality of raspberries cv. Delniwa, Poemat,...
The influence of four microbial biostimulants containing various strains of Bacillus subtilis and/or Paenibacillus sp. on the quality of raspberries cv. Delniwa, Poemat, and Enrosadira cultivated in two consecutive seasons was investigated. The biostimulants influenced the antioxidant level, antioxidant capacity, phenolic acids and flavonoids profiles, enzymatic activity, and the degree of methylation and acetylation of the pectin in the raspberry fruits. The biostimulants had the greatest effect on the antioxidant content (16% - 20% increase) and capacity in the Delniwa raspberry fruits from the first season. A positive correlation was found between the activity of the β-galactosidase enzyme and ferric reducing power. In the second season, a decrease in the activity of pectin esterase and α-L-arabinofuranosidase and an increase in the degree of methylation of pectin were noted. Our results suggest that the changes in raspberry quality were related to the type of biostimulant applied.
PubMed: 38795624
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139746 -
Microbiological Research May 2024Pantoea agglomerans is considered one of the most ubiquitous and versatile organisms that include strains that induce diseases in various crops and occasionally cause...
Pantoea agglomerans is considered one of the most ubiquitous and versatile organisms that include strains that induce diseases in various crops and occasionally cause opportunistic infections in humans. To develop effective strategies to mitigate its impact on plant health and agricultural productivity, a comprehensive investigation is crucial for better understanding its pathogenicity. One proposed eco-friendly approach involves the enzymatic degradation of quorum sensing (QS) signal molecules like N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), known as quorum quenching (QQ), offering potential treatment for such bacterial diseases. In this study the production of C4 and 3-oxo-C6HSL was identified in the plant pathogenic P. agglomerans CFBP 11141 and correlated to enzymatic activities such as amylase and acid phosphatase. Moreover, the heterologous expression of a QQ enzyme in the pathogen resulted in lack of AHLs production and the attenuation of the virulence by mean of drastically reduction of soft rot disease in carrots and cherry tomatoes. Additionally, the interference with the QS systems of P. agglomerans CFBP 11141 by two the plant growth-promoting and AHL-degrading bacteria (PGP-QQ) Pseudomonas segetis P6 and Bacillus toyonensis AA1EC1 was evaluated as a potential biocontrol approach for the first time. P. segetis P6 and B. toyonensis AA1EC1 demonstrated effectiveness in diminishing soft rot symptoms induced by P. agglomerans CFBP 11141 in both carrots and cherry tomatoes. Furthermore, the virulence of pathogen notably decreased when co-cultured with strain AA1EC1 on tomato plants.
PubMed: 38795406
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127781 -
Nutrients May 2024Maintaining the balance and stability of the gut microbiota is crucial for the gut health and growth development of humans and animals. () has been reported to be...
Maintaining the balance and stability of the gut microbiota is crucial for the gut health and growth development of humans and animals. () has been reported to be beneficial to the gut health of humans and animals, whereas the probiotic effects of a new strain, HD173, remain uncertain. In this study, nursery piglets were utilized as animal models to investigate the extensive impact of HD173 on gut microbiota, metabolites, and host health. The major findings were that this probiotic enhanced the growth performance and improved the health status of the nursery piglets. Specifically, it reduced the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in the serum while increasing the level of IL-10 and SOD. In the gut, HD173 reduced the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as , , and , while it increased the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, including , , and , leading to an enhanced production of butyric acid. Furthermore, HD173 effectively improved the gut metabolic status, enabling the gut microbiota to provide the host with stronger metabolic abilities for nutrients. In summary, these findings provide scientific evidence for the utilization of HD173 in the development and production of probiotic products for maintaining gut health in humans and animals.
Topics: Animals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Probiotics; Swine; Bacillus licheniformis; Models, Animal; Bacteria
PubMed: 38794735
DOI: 10.3390/nu16101497 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024E. Mey. Ex Sprague (Mistletoe) is a semi-parasitic plant that grows on the branches of other trees with reported numerous biological activities. This study was aimed at...
E. Mey. Ex Sprague (Mistletoe) is a semi-parasitic plant that grows on the branches of other trees with reported numerous biological activities. This study was aimed at isolating a compound/s that will be used as a standard reference for quality control of South African-based commercialized mistletoe products and to further perform antioxidant and antimicrobial tests on the isolated compound. A dried sample of mistletoe was ground and extracted successively with hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), acetone and methanol using a serial exhaustive cold maceration procedure. The compound was isolated using column chromatography, and its chemical structure was elucidated using two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The antioxidant activity of the compound was determined using DPPH, hydrogen radical scavenging activity and reducing power assays, whereas antimicrobial activity was assessed using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Subjection of the DCM extract to column chromatography resulted in the isolation of a compound elucidated as olean-12-en-28-butanol-1-one, 3-hydroxy-4,4,10, 14, 20-pentamethyl (). Both the DPPH, HO radical scavenging activity and reducing power assays revealed a significant antioxidant potential of compound with an IC of 0.701 mg/mL, lower than that of gallic acid (0.793 mg/mL) for the HO radical scavenging assay. The results also indicated good antibacterial activity of with an IC of 0.25 mg/mL, compared to ciprofloxacin with an IC of 0.0039 mg/mL, against two Gram-negative (, ) and three Gram-positive (, ) bacteria. This study is the first to report on the isolation of the olean-12-en-28-butanol derivative from mistletoe of the South African ecotype.
PubMed: 38794452
DOI: 10.3390/plants13101382 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Severe cadmium contamination poses a serious threat to food security and human health. Plant-microbial combined remediation represents a potential technique for reducing...
Severe cadmium contamination poses a serious threat to food security and human health. Plant-microbial combined remediation represents a potential technique for reducing heavy metals in soil. The main objective of this study is to explore the remediation mechanism of cadmium-contaminated soil using a combined approach of lawn plants and microbes. The target bacterium was selected from cadmium-contaminated soil in mining areas, and two lawn plants ( A'rid III' and M'idnight II') were chosen as the target plants. We investigated the remediation effect of different concentrations of bacterial solution on cadmium-contaminated soil using two lawn plants through pot experiments, as well as the impact on the soil microbial community structure. The results demonstrate that promotes plant growth, and the combined action of lawn plants and improves soil quality, enhancing the bioavailability of cadmium in the soil. At a bacterial suspension concentration of 10 CFU/mL, the optimal remediation treatment was observed. The removal efficiency of cadmium in the soil under and treatments reached 33.69% and 33.33%, respectively. Additionally, the content of bioavailable cadmium in the rhizosphere soil increased by up to 13.43% and 26.54%, respectively. increased the bacterial diversity in the non-rhizosphere soil of both lawn plants but reduced it in the rhizosphere soil. Additionally, the relative abundance of and , which have potential for heavy metal remediation, increased after the application of the bacterial solution. This study demonstrates that can enhance the potential of lawn plants to remediate cadmium-contaminated soil and reshape the microbial communities in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils.
PubMed: 38794373
DOI: 10.3390/plants13101303