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PloS One 2022Nowadays there are many types of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) composite beam and column joints, such as standard connection, bolted through connection, angle...
Nowadays there are many types of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) composite beam and column joints, such as standard connection, bolted through connection, angle steel connection, tube connection and so on, most of which connected by high-strength bolts with round holes. In this paper, monotonic loading tests on GFRPcomposite beam and column joints connected by slotted-hole bolts were conducted. To compare the performance of different joints, two groups of specimens were used in this study; one of group was the beam-column joints connected by the angle steel, and other group was connected by the tube connection. Specimens with different bolt holes, side plate reinforcement condition, and different bolt pre-tightening forces were studied. Failure modes, bending moment curves, plastic rotation, and yield stiffness of the two groups of joints were compared. Results showed thatthe ultimate bending moment bearing capacity of specimens with side plates could be increased by 30%. Under the same conditions, the bearing capacity of the tube joints was about 10% larger than that of the angle steel joints. Although the bearing capacity of joints was not increased by using slotted holes, plastic rotation capacity and yield stiffness of joints with slotted-hole bolts were 1.1 times than that of the ordinary round-hole bolts joints.
Topics: Bone Plates; Plastics; Polymers; Steel
PubMed: 35895725
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272136 -
ACS Energy Letters Jul 2022Monolithic two-terminal (2T) perovskite/CuInSe (CIS) tandem solar cells (TSCs) combine the promise of an efficient tandem photovoltaic (PV) technology with the...
Monolithic two-terminal (2T) perovskite/CuInSe (CIS) tandem solar cells (TSCs) combine the promise of an efficient tandem photovoltaic (PV) technology with the simplicity of an all-thin-film device architecture that is compatible with flexible and lightweight PV. In this work, we present the first-ever 2T perovskite/CIS TSC with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) approaching 25% (23.5% certified, area 0.5 cm). The relatively planar surface profile and narrow band gap (∼1.03 eV) of our CIS bottom cell allow us to exploit the optoelectronic properties and photostability of a low-Br-containing perovskite top cell as revealed by advanced characterization techniques. Current matching was attained by proper tuning of the thickness and bandgap of the perovskite, along with the optimization of an antireflective coating for improved light in-coupling. Our study sets the baseline for fabricating efficient perovskite/CIS TSCs, paving the way for future developments that might push the efficiencies to over 30%.
PubMed: 35844471
DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c00707 -
Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) Sep 2022
Topics: Femur; Periosteum; Surgical Flaps
PubMed: 35781732
DOI: 10.1007/s00113-022-01209-5 -
Translational Animal Science Apr 2022The definition of animal welfare includes how an animal dies. As such, euthanasia is intrinsically linked to animal welfare, and ensuring a good death through effective,...
The definition of animal welfare includes how an animal dies. As such, euthanasia is intrinsically linked to animal welfare, and ensuring a good death through effective, safe, and validated practices is a critical piece of promoting positive animal welfare. The objective of this review is to provide a better understanding of the literature on the euthanasia of swine via penetrating captive bolt () and nonpenetrating captive bolt (), as well as a history of captive bolt use, and indicators of sensibility and insensibility. To do this, we performed a systematic review that included 30 peer-reviewed articles and 17 other publications. NPCB devices have been validated as an effective single-step euthanasia method for neonatal and preweaning swine, as well as a two-step euthanasia method for nursery swine. PCB devices have been validated as an effective euthanasia method for nursery and market swine up to 120 kg, but further investigation is required for the use of captive bolt devices on mature breeding sows and boars.
PubMed: 35755133
DOI: 10.1093/tas/txac065 -
Journal of Neurosciences in Rural... Apr 2022External ventricular drain (EVD) placement is frequently performed in neurosurgical patients to divert cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and monitor intracranial pressure....
"Catheter-Locking Device-Assisted" External Ventricular Drain Placement: A New Surgical Technique Preventing Intracranial Drain Displacement-Technical Note with Preliminary Single-Center Results.
External ventricular drain (EVD) placement is frequently performed in neurosurgical patients to divert cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and monitor intracranial pressure. The traditional practice is the tunneled EVD technique performed in the operating room. EVD insertion through a bolt in intensive care units has also been reported. We describe here the usage of a novel technique, the " -assisted" EVD placement, reporting our preliminary, observational single-center results. From January to October 2021, 15 patients underwent a "catheter-locking device-assisted" EVD placement at our institute. For each of these patients, the following data were evaluated: (1) demographics, (2) etiology, (3) clinical presentation, (4) EVD complications, and (5) final clinical outcomes. Median age of our population was 64 years, with a female/male ratio of 2:1. Average Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission was 8. Each patient maintained the drainage for an average time of 14 days. None of the patients suffered from postoperative intracerebral hemorrhage, CSF leakage, catheter migration, or discontinuation of the drainage system; none developed signs of infection. Nine patients required a permanent CSF diversion system. Outcome was good in 14 patients. One patient died for the underlying disease. The "catheter-locking device-assisted" EVD placement appears to be a safe and accurate alternative to both the standard tunneled and the bolt-assisted EVD insertion techniques. The use of this procedure may significantly reduce the incidence of the commonest EVD complications, though further investigation is required.
PubMed: 35694078
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744126 -
Surgical Neurology International 2022Tension pneumocephalus is a neurosurgical emergency requiring prompt intervention. A variety of either temporizing or definitive methods was previously described as part...
BACKGROUND
Tension pneumocephalus is a neurosurgical emergency requiring prompt intervention. A variety of either temporizing or definitive methods was previously described as part of its management. Here, we report on an off-label use of a bed-side device and the subdural evacuating port system (SEPS)™ for the treatment of tension pneumocephalus.
METHODS
The SEPS™ (Medtronic Dublin, Ireland) is a minimally invasive tool that is indicated for the removal of chronic or subacute subdural hematomas and at the patient's bedside. We describe the use of this system to evacuate tension pneumocephalus.
RESULTS
A 44-year-old patient operated in our institution was presented with sudden obtundation 4 days post resection of esthesioneuroblastoma. Imaging confirmed a significant tension pneumocephalus. Immediate bedside decompression using a SEPS bolt placed frontally was performed, achieving rapid evacuation and patient regained consciousness. A definitive skull base reconstruction was done at the operating room at a later stage.
CONCLUSION
The SEPS™, well-known for evacuation of CSDH, can be potentially used as a bed-side tool to effectively treat mass effect created by tension pneumocephalus. As a readily-available and commercially used device, it can provide a simple and standard toolkit suitable for an emergent temporizing procedure.
PubMed: 35673650
DOI: 10.25259/SNI_120_2022 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) May 2022In order to improve the impact resistance mechanical properties of bolt, the requirements of rock burst roadway support must be met. Based on the requirements that the...
In order to improve the impact resistance mechanical properties of bolt, the requirements of rock burst roadway support must be met. Based on the requirements that the anchor should have a reasonable deformation load threshold, high stroke efficiency, constant reaction force and stable repeatable deformation damage mode. A constant resistance anti-impact device was designed, and a new constant resistance energy-absorbing impact anchor rod was designed in combination with a conventional anchor rod, and the working principle of a constant resistance energy-absorbing impact anchor rod was given. ABAQUS finite element software was used to analyze the mechanical properties of bolt and the results showed that the constant resistance energy-absorbing anti-shock anchor has a stable and repeatable deformation damage mode under both static and impact loads, and the three indexes of the constant resistance energy-absorbing anti-shock anchor, such as yield distance, impact resistance time and energy absorption, are significantly better than those of the conventional anchor. The impact energy and impact velocity have less influence on the load-bearing capacity and stroke efficiency of the impact device. The impact velocity has less influence on the indices of the rod yield load, breaking load, absorbed energy and the yield distance of a conventional anchor and constant resistance energy-absorbing anti-stroke anchor, and the impact resistance time decreases non-linearly with the increase in the impact velocity.
PubMed: 35629491
DOI: 10.3390/ma15103464 -
JAMA Network Open May 2022Little is known about the long-term outcomes of mild valvular lesions.
IMPORTANCE
Little is known about the long-term outcomes of mild valvular lesions.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the associations of 3 major types of valvular lesions (aortic stenosis, trace or mild aortic regurgitation, and trace or mild mitral regurgitation) with risk of cardiovascular mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This cohort study analyzed data from the ongoing Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study and focused on Black participants in the Jackson, Mississippi, site who underwent echocardiography at visit 3 from 1993 to 1995. Data analysis was conducted between April 2021 and February 2022.
EXPOSURES
Three valvular lesions were analyzed: aortic sclerosis, aortic regurgitation (trace or mild), and mitral regurgitation (trace or mild).
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The outcomes were cardiovascular mortality, coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and atrial fibrillation. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the independent associations between the 3 valvular lesions and these outcomes.
RESULTS
A total of 2106 Black participants were included, with a mean (SD) age of 59.1 (5.6) years and 1354 women (64.3%). The baseline prevalence was 7.7% for aortic sclerosis, 15.1% for aortic regurgitation (6.1% with trace, and 9.0% with mild), and 43.0% for mitral regurgitation (29.4% with trace, and 13.6% with mild). During a median (interquartile interval) follow-up of 22.5 (15.6-23.5) years, 890 participants developed at least 1 cardiovascular outcome. Each valvular lesion was significantly associated with at least 1 cardiovascular outcome: aortic sclerosis was associated with cardiovascular mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.54; 95% CI, 1.06-2.22), mild mitral regurgitation was associated with atrial fibrillation (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.09-1.99), and trace or mild aortic regurgitation was associated with all outcomes (HRs ranging from 1.45 [95% CI, 1.17-1.81] to 1.75 [95% CI, 1.29-2.37]) except stroke. The total number of valvular lesions had graded associations with all cardiovascular outcomes except stroke: the HR of cardiovascular mortality was 1.77 (95% CI, 1.18-2.65) for those with 2 to 3 lesions and was 1.44 (95% CI, 1.05-1.96) for those with 1 lesion vs no lesions.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Results of this study indicate an association between valvular lesions, even at mild stage, and a long-term risk of cardiovascular events, suggesting the importance of recognizing and monitoring these valvular conditions.
Topics: Adult; Aortic Valve Insufficiency; Atrial Fibrillation; Cohort Studies; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Middle Aged; Mitral Valve Insufficiency; Sclerosis; Stroke
PubMed: 35552723
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.11946 -
Ulusal Travma Ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi =... May 2022There are various distal locking options for the repair of tibia distal diametaphyseal fractures with intramedullary nails. There is no consensus about the superiority...
BACKGROUND
There are various distal locking options for the repair of tibia distal diametaphyseal fractures with intramedullary nails. There is no consensus about the superiority of any of these distal locking options. In our study, comparing nails with distal bolt locking screw (DSBLS) and conventional nails; we aimed to compare the clinical and radiological results of intramedullary nail models in fixing tibial distal diametaphyseal fractures.
METHODS
In our orthopedics and traumatology department, 117 tibial distal diametaphyseal fractures of 116 patients treated with intramedullary nails between August 2007 and May 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. Forty-six tibial distal diametaphyseal fractures of 45 patients who came to regular visits to outpatient clinic controls and who had a minimum follow-up of 18 months and whose fracture distance was between 3 and 12 cm were included in the study. The average follow-up period of the study group consisting of 28 males and 17 females with an average age of 44 (16-76 years) which was 48 months (18-100 months). The group using the DSBLS locking intramedullary nail was considered the first group and the group using the conventional distal locking intramedullary nail was considered the second group. Radiological union times, coronal, sagittal, and axial plan angulations and malunion presence were com-pared between the two groups. In addition, the two groups were compared clinically with length of time spent on weight-bearing and return to work, Olerud-Molander ankle score, and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score scores.
RESULTS
We found that the first group was superior in terms of length of time spent on partial and full weight-bearing between the two groups (p=0.00031 and p=0.00007). In addition, the union time of the first group was shorter (p=0.0149). Other radiological or clinical results did not differ significantly between the two groups. In addition, no significant correlation was found between the distance of the fracture from the tibial plate and its angulation. In cases with malunion alone, the fracture line was more distal than those without malunion (p=0.0411).
CONCLUSION
Newly developed DSBLS intramedullary nails give as good results as conventional nails in tibia distal diametaphyseal fractures. Due to its ability to loading bone early and have a shorter union time, DSBLS can be safely preferred in distal diametaphyseal fractures and reduce complications from immobilization.
Topics: Adult; Ankle Fractures; Bone Nails; Female; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary; Humans; Male; Retrospective Studies; Tibia; Tibial Fractures
PubMed: 35485463
DOI: 10.14744/tjtes.2020.24152 -
Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Jul 2022There is growing interest in using suture buttons for coracoid fixation to avoid the complications associated with screws during the Latarjet procedure. However,...
BACKGROUND
There is growing interest in using suture buttons for coracoid fixation to avoid the complications associated with screws during the Latarjet procedure. However, achieving bone block healing is critical for successful shoulder stabilization and return to sport. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the healing rates and positioning of the coracoid bone block fixed with cortical suture buttons that were either manually tensioned (using a knot pusher) or mechanically tensioned (using a tensioning device) during arthroscopic Latarjet procedures.
METHODS
This prospective, nonrandomized, comparative study enrolled 69 consecutive patients (mean age, 27 years) who underwent an arthroscopic guided Latarjet procedure with suture-button fixation. Hand tensioning was performed in the first 34 shoulders, whereas the next 35 shoulders underwent mechanical tensioning. Twelve patients (17%) had a history of failed Bankart stabilization. The characteristics of the patients in each group in terms of age, sex, type of sport, bone loss, number of previous failed surgical procedures, smoking, and length of follow-up were comparable. Intraoperatively, the tensioning device was set at 100 N successively 3 times until complete immobilization of the bone block was confirmed, as assessed with a probe. The primary outcome measure was coracoid bone block union and position on computed tomography scan images at 6 months' follow-up. Secondary outcome measures included functional outcome scores, shoulder stability, return to sports, and complications at last follow-up.
RESULTS
Overall, the rate of bone block healing was 74% (25 of 34 patients) in the hand-tensioning group and 94% (33 of 35 patients) in the mechanical tensioning group (P = .043). Smoking was an independent risk factor associated with nonunion (P < .001) in each group. Patient age, size of the preoperative glenoid bone defect (<20% or >20%), and a history of surgery were not found to have any influence. The tensioning modality did not affect the bone block position, which was subequatorial in 92% of the cases and flush with the glenoid rim in 92%. At a mean of 34 months of follow-up (range, 24-62 months), 96% of the patients (65 of 69) had a stable shoulder and 87% returned to sports. At final follow-up, no significant difference in clinical scores was noted between the groups; no neurologic or hardware complications were observed.
CONCLUSION
Mechanical tensioning achieves significantly higher healing rates than hand tensioning during the arthroscopic Latarjet procedure with suture-button fixation. The use of a suture-tensioning device is a key step to the suture-button fixation technique during arthroscopic Latarjet procedures. By making the suture-button construct rigid, the tensioning device transforms the initially flexible suture into a "rigid fixation", similar to a bolt (or a rivet).
Topics: Adult; Arthroscopy; Humans; Joint Instability; Prospective Studies; Shoulder Dislocation; Shoulder Joint; Suture Techniques; Sutures
PubMed: 35172210
DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2022.01.126