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Dental Materials : Official Publication... May 2024To evaluate the effects of an ammonia-based and a water-based silver-containing solutions on bonding performance and matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity of a... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of an ammonia-based and a water-based silver-containing solutions on bonding performance and matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity of a universal adhesive to dentin after 1 year of artificial aging.
METHODS
Mid-coronal dentin surfaces of 60 sound human molars were exposed and the following groups were formed according to the surface pre-treatment and etching mode of the universal adhesive (Zipbond Universal, SDI) (n = 10): G1) Zipbond in the self-etch mode (ZSE); G2) Riva Star (SDI) applied before ZSE; G3) Riva Star Aqua (SDI) applied before ZSE; G4) Zipbond in the etch-and-rinse mode (ZER); G5) Riva Star applied before ZER; G6) Riva Star Aqua applied before ZER. The specimens were sectioned and subjected to microtensile bond strength (µTBS) test at baseline (T) and after 12 months (T) of artificial storage. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis (EDS) were also conducted. Three additional molars per group were processed for the in situ zymography analysis at T and T. Data were statistically analyzed (p < 0.05).
RESULTS
Dentin pre-treatments and aging decreased bonding values, regardless of the etching mode (p < 0.05). No differences in µTBS were observed between the two silver-containing solutions, both at T and T. Riva Star Aqua and etching significantly increased the MMPs activity, independent of the storage period (p < 0.05).
SIGNIFICANCE
Dentin surface pre-treatment with silver-containing solutions negatively affects the bonding performances of resin composite restorations placed with a universal adhesive. However, the ammonia-based product Riva Star might show better stability in the long term, due to lower activation of MMPs.
Topics: Humans; Water; Dental Bonding; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Materials Testing; Silver; Ammonia; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Tensile Strength; Surface Properties; Dentin; In Vitro Techniques; Matrix Metalloproteinases; Resin Cements; Molar; Acid Etching, Dental; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; Dental Stress Analysis
PubMed: 38458917
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.03.003 -
European Endodontic Journal Mar 2024The aim of this study was to investigate the bactericidal effect of various concentrations of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis)...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the bactericidal effect of various concentrations of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in dentinal tubules using a bacterial culture assay and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).
METHODS
Ninety human teeth were contaminated with E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and randomly allocated into 5 groups; the negative control (without TAP), 1 mg/ml, 5 mg/ml, 7.5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml TAP (n=18). After a 3-week TAP treatment, samples were collected from the root canal space, root dentin at 100-μm and 200-μm depth. The collected samples were subjected to a bacterial culture assay (n=10). Eight roots from each group underwent CLSM analysis to determine the live/dead bacterial cells.
RESULTS
The bacterial culture assay results indicated that the negative control samples were all culturable. The number of culture-positive samples decreased after TAP treatment at 1, 5, 7.5 and 10 mg/ml, with 2, 2, 1 and 0 culturable samples, respectively. However, there was no significant difference among the TAP treatments. Surprisingly, the CLSM analysis demonstrated live bacteria in the dentinal tubules in all samples. The negative control had 52.36%+-3.24 live bacteria. TAP treatment at 10 mg/ml had the lowest percentage of live bacterial cells (40.58%+-5.40), followed by 7.5 mg/ml (44.14%+-6.03), 5 mg/ml (46.31%+-5.32) and 1 mg/ml (52.55%+-8.82). The percentage of live cells in the 10 mg/ml, 7.5 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml TAP groups were significantly lower than the 1 mg/ml TAP and negative control groups.
CONCLUSION
TAP treatment significantly decreased the percentage of viable E. faecalis cells in the dentinal tubules and its bactericidal effect was dose-dependent.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Enterococcus faecalis; Random Allocation
PubMed: 38456464
DOI: 10.14744/eej.2023.78942 -
Dental and Medical Problems 2024The progression of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) leads to gingival recession (GR), which is restored with restorative materials, using different periodontal... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The progression of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) leads to gingival recession (GR), which is restored with restorative materials, using different periodontal plastic surgery procedures. There is no consensus on which technique is superior to others. Therefore, the present systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of root coverage (RC) procedures in the restored and unrestored NCCLs in terms of clinical and patient-centered outcomes.We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) while searching 5 databases in addition to the gray literature. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords in the title and abstract fields, as well as in headings, were used to search the existing literature for the relevant publications on the effectiveness of RC procedures with the restoration of NCCLs over the past 3 decades (January 1990-July 2021). After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 articles were read in full and critically analyzed. The quality analysis was performed using the Cochrane RevMan software.A total of 222 potentially relevant titles and abstracts were found after the initial electronic and manual search, and after removing duplicates. Applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria yielded 23 publications that were further analyzed for relevance and applicability. Following critical analysis, 13 publications were used for validity assessment and data extraction.In the teeth with NCCLs and GR, the restoration of NCCLs does not affect the percentage RC. However, it significantly decreases dentin hypersensitivity, and the patients' perception of esthetics and satisfaction.
Topics: Humans; Esthetics, Dental; Databases, Factual; Dental Materials
PubMed: 38445442
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/155338 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Feb 2024This study evaluated the influence of traumatic occlusion in the dentin-pulp complex a molar teeth submitted to subluxation.
BACKGROUND
This study evaluated the influence of traumatic occlusion in the dentin-pulp complex a molar teeth submitted to subluxation.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Ninety Wistar rats were divided into groups Naïve (N), Subluxation (S) and Subluxation with traumatic occlusion (STO) and submitted to histological analysis after 7 and 21 days. A quantitative analysis was submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test, and Chi-square and Bonferronís post-hoc test.
RESULTS
S and STO showed a significant increase in blood vessels area (p < 0.0005), amorphous fundamental substance (p < 0.0005) and reactionary dentin formation (p < 0.0005), as well as a decrease in the nuclear profile (p < 0.0005), odontoblast layer (p = 0.013 and p < 0.0005) by day 7 when compared with N. These changes normalized by day 21, except for the reactionary dentin (p < 0.0005) in both S and STO groups. Interestingly, the STO group exhibited significant changes in the increase of pulp calcification (p < 0.0005), presence of tubules with nuclei (p < 0.0005), and inflammatory infiltrate (p < 0.0005), as well reduction of nuclear profile (p < 0.0005), odontoblast layer (p < 0.0005) compared with N and S at day 21.
CONCLUSIONS
STO impaired the defence response and decreased pulp regeneration capacity by increasing the inflammatory infiltrate and pulp calcification, and decreasing the nucleated cell number in the odontoblast layer and central pulp.
PubMed: 38420008
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.11.012 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Feb 2024Although medical pulse oximeters are considered effective for endodontic diagnoses, the method remains uncommon in current dental practice. The aim of the present... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Although medical pulse oximeters are considered effective for endodontic diagnoses, the method remains uncommon in current dental practice. The aim of the present scoping review was to investigate clinical factors that exert a negative impact on the use of pulse oximeters in dental practice.
METHODS
This study followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and the protocol was prospectively registered in the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3GQCE). A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was performed in December 2022 for articles published in English or Spanish. All types of clinical studies were included, except comments, letters to the editor, and abstracts. Two independent investigators analyzed 45 full-text articles. Data extraction included general characteristics, oxygen saturation levels, and limiting factors/barriers to the use of oximeters as pulp testers.
RESULTS
The search of the databases yielded 1,300 records and 38 were included (quantitative data extraction was performed for 35 and three articles were systematic reviews). Publications were highest in number between 2016 and 2017, with an evident reduction occurring after 2021. The oxygen saturation level for sound/vital maxillary anterior teeth was 84.99% (overall mean). The main limiting factors/barriers were i) the difficulty in maintaining the two light-emitting diodes parallel during pulp tests, ii) infrared light diffraction by enamel/dentin/gingiva, and iii) the diversity of patient ages in studies.
CONCLUSION
This scoping review encountered noteworthy findings associated with the impracticability of using medical pulse oximeters as dental pulp testers. The recent decrease in the frequency of published studies compared to approximately seven years ago may imply a negative trend in the use of the method.
PubMed: 38419999
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.11.006 -
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and... Jan 2024Bioceramic sealers have improved sealing ability by forming an interfacial apatite layer that chemically bonds the sealer and radicular dentin thus decrease apical...
CONTEXT
Bioceramic sealers have improved sealing ability by forming an interfacial apatite layer that chemically bonds the sealer and radicular dentin thus decrease apical leakage.
AIM
This study aims to evaluate and compare the apical leakage of Cerafill RCS bioceramic sealer and gutta percha when used with three different obturating techniques.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-four extracted single-rooted premolars were decoronated and prepared up to size F3. Then, the specimens were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups ( = 10) cold lateral obturation technique, warm vertical obturation technique, single-cone obturation technique, positive and negative control groups ( = 2), according to the obturation technique used along with a bioceramic sealer. To evaluate apical leakage, all specimens were mounted in a glucose leakage model and assessed at 7 and 14 days using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
The results were subjected to ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA; followed by post hoc analysis using Bonferroni correction.
RESULTS
Significant differences were found in the cumulative leakage of all the three experimental groups. Significantly higher leakage was found in groups obturated using single-cone obturation technique as compared to warm vertical compaction technique at both 7 and 14 days.
CONCLUSIONS
Warm vertical compaction showed a better sealing result than single-cone obturation techniques at all observation periods.
PubMed: 38389733
DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_303_23 -
BMC Oral Health Feb 2024Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most efficient root canal irrigant to date. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of NaOCl used at different temperatures...
BACKGROUND
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most efficient root canal irrigant to date. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of NaOCl used at different temperatures and concentrations on the compressive strength of root dentin.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Seventy-two extracted human single-canaled straight roots of comparable size and length were selected and randomly divided into six groups (n = 12): Group (A) served as a control with unprepared canals. The other groups were instrumented with rotary ProTaper Universal files up to size F3. Group (B) was irrigated with 1% NaOCl at room temperature, Group (C) with 1% NaOCl heated to 70 °C, Group (D) with 5.25% NaOCl at room temperature, and Group (E) with 5.25% NaOCl heated to 70 °C. Saline was used in Group (F). The roots were sectioned into 2-mm-thick disks that underwent compression testing using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS
A total of 255 disks were tested. The control group showed the highest compressive strength (p = 0.0112). However, this did not differ significantly from that of heated (p = 0.259) or unheated (p = 0.548) 1% NaOCl. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups of instrumented teeth.
CONCLUSION
Within the conditions of this study, irrigation with NaOCl at different concentrations and temperatures during root canal preparation did not affect the compressive strength of root dentin.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This study demonstrates that the use of NaOCl as a root canal irrigant is not associated with a clinically relevant decrease in root compressive strength, especially when compared to saline.
Topics: Humans; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin; Root Canal Irrigants; Root Canal Preparation; Sodium Hypochlorite; Temperature; Tooth
PubMed: 38350980
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03954-y -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Feb 2024This study assessed whether combining photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) paste can effectively... (Review)
Review
The effect of photobiomodulation therapy associated with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride paste on the treatment of posthome whitening tooth sensitivity and color change: A randomized clinical trial.
OBJECTIVE
This study assessed whether combining photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) paste can effectively reduce post-home whitening tooth sensitivity (TS) without compromising shade change.
METHODS
Fifty participants were selected and assigned to one of four groups: (1) PLACEBO group-received a placebo paste and PBMT simulation; (2) PBMT group-received a placebo paste + PBMT; (3) CPP-ACPF group-received CPP-ACPF paste and PBMT simulation; (4) CPP-ACPF + PBMT group-received both CPP-ACPF paste and PBMT. The participants used whitening trays containing 22% carbamide peroxide for 2 h a day for 21 days. TS was measured daily using a visual analog scale, while shade change was assessed using a spectrophotometer: before bleaching treatment (T0), after the first (T1), second (T2), and third (T3) weeks of treatment, and 30 days (T4) after completing the whitening treatment.
RESULTS
Intragroup analysis revealed that the PLACEBO group had the highest increase in sensitivity during the whitening treatment. The CPP-ACPF and PBMT groups showed no significant difference tooth whitening (TW) between weeks regarding aesthetic change. The CPP-ACPF and PBMT group exhibited a significant reduction in TS between the first and third and between the second and third weeks TW, but not between the first and second. Conversely, the PLACEBO group showed a higher sensitivity than the other groups (p < .05). The CPP-ACPF and PBMT groups did not differ from each other. Furthermore, the CPP-ACPF and PBMT group showed a greater decrease in sensitivity than the PLACEBO group at T1, T2, and T3 (p < .01), and was significantly differed from CPP-ACPF and PBMT groups only at T2 and T3. All groups confirmed TW effectiveness. Student's and paired t-test did not reveal any significant difference between groups (p > .05).
CONCLUSION
Therefore, PBMT associated with CPP-ACPF paste can reduce TS without compromising the efficacy of TW.
Topics: Humans; Fluorides; Dentin Sensitivity; Caseins; Phosphopeptides; Low-Level Light Therapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Calcium Phosphates
PubMed: 38345511
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.817 -
Journal of Dental Sciences Jan 2024Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by hyperglycemia, is a systematic disease affecting structure and healing ability in various tissues. This study aimed to...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by hyperglycemia, is a systematic disease affecting structure and healing ability in various tissues. This study aimed to investigate whether T2DM could impair the dental pulp healing and cause underlying pathological changes in the dental pulp before an injury occurred.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Goto-Kakizaki rats were used as T2DM model animals and performed with direct pulp capping procedures on the first maxillary molars. The molars at 1, 2, 4 weeks after operation and non-injured molars were examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence staining, and Masson's trichrome staining. The fresh dental pulp of maxillary incisors was collected for transmission electron microscopy and glucose content evaluation.
RESULTS
The T2DM rats showed deficient reparative dentin formation compared with the healthy rats. Before the occurrence of an injury, underlying pathological changes of major components in the pulp tissue were observed in T2DM rats, including vasculopathy; collagen abnormalities; decreased proliferation, decreased odontogenetic differentiation and damaged ultrastructure of dental pulp cells. High glucose content and advanced glycation end products accumulation were further found in the pulp tissue in T2DM rats.
CONCLUSION
T2DM can impede pulp healing process in rats, which is associated with underlying pathological changes in the non-injured pulp caused by the advanced glycation end products accumulation under high-glucose conditions.
PubMed: 38303798
DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.03.021 -
Cureus Jan 2024Introduction Dental erosion from acidogenic diets, vigorous tooth brushing, excessive tooth whitening, gingival recession, periodontal debridement, or surgery may induce...
Introduction Dental erosion from acidogenic diets, vigorous tooth brushing, excessive tooth whitening, gingival recession, periodontal debridement, or surgery may induce dentine hypersensitivity (DH). It manifests as a phenomenon observed in structurally intact teeth devoid of pathological or defective conditions. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate DH risk reduction after using Fluoraphat Pro (Neumunster, Germany) and VivaSens (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein, Switzerland) in-office desensitizing agents. Method Twenty-two participants with at least two hypersensitive teeth were randomly selected. Participants were divided into two groups with 22 teeth each, and a desensitizing agent (Fluoraphat Pro and Vivasens) was applied accordingly. Participants were recalled the next day, and a decrease in sensitivity (if any) was evaluated by self-reporting using a 5-point Likert-type scale. Relative Risk (RR) was used to compare the likelihood of sensitivity between two groups and Cohen's d to measure the effect size. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant for all statistical purposes. Result The relative risk (RR) results indicated that Fluoraphat Pro has significantly lower RR than Vivasens for patients with dental sensitivity (RR = 0.350, 95% CI 0.187 - 0.654, z = 3.28, p = 0.001). Fluoraphat Pro was significantly more effective concerning lower sensitivity in teeth located in the upper right (dCohen = 3.217, p = 0.038) and lower right (dCohen = 3.193, p = 0.017) of the mouth than VivaSens®. Conclusion The two commercially available desensitizing agents Fluoraphat Pro and Vivasens tested in this study were effective in controlling DH. Fluoraphat Pro was more efficient in relieving the risk of dental hypersensitivity than VivaSens®. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of the desensitizing agents and compare DH reduction with other marketed desensitizing products.
PubMed: 38298297
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51463