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Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2023Multiple accessory canals make furcation area of primary molars the most common port of entry of bacterial endotoxins to periradicular area. Reduction in permeability...
PURPOSE
Multiple accessory canals make furcation area of primary molars the most common port of entry of bacterial endotoxins to periradicular area. Reduction in permeability can improve prognosis of these teeth. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the effect of 940 nm diode laser and dentin bonding agent on the dye penetration of furcation area in primary molars.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Thirty teeth were divided into three groups, that is, Group 1 (control group), Group 2 (dentin bonding agent applied over floor of pulp chamber), and Group 3 (diode laser irradiated over floor of pulp chamber). The samples were prepared and seven from each group were tested by dye penetration and three were sent for scanning electron microscopy. Rise in temperature in the perifurcal area was also recorded at the time of laser irradiation. Dunn's pair-wise comparison analysis was used for the analysis for the difference in dye penetration among the group.
RESULTS
: The maximum rise in temperature recorded postirradiation was 6.9C. Dye penetration was significantly reduced in Group 2 Dentin bonding group (DBG) as compared to control group (P = 0.0025). Reduction in permeability was observed in Group 3 Laser group (LG) but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.197). Scanning electron microscope revealed open dentinal tubules in Group 1. There were no open dentinal tubules in Group 2, while Group 3 had sealed dentinal tubules with glass-like surface over the region.
CONCLUSION
Dentin bonding agent led to substantial decrease in dye penetration of furcation area of primary molars. This method should be evaluated clinically to improve successful pulpectomy procedures of primary molars.
Topics: Lasers, Semiconductor; Permeability; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Molar
PubMed: 38197348
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_731_21 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2023This paper aimed to assess the impact of the acetone wet-bonding (AWB) technique on dentin bonding and to investigate its potential underlying mechanisms. Caries-free...
This paper aimed to assess the impact of the acetone wet-bonding (AWB) technique on dentin bonding and to investigate its potential underlying mechanisms. Caries-free third molars were sliced, ground, etched, water-rinsed. Then the specimens were randomly allocated to four groups according to the following pretreatments: 1. water wet-bonding (WWB); 2. ethanol wet-bonding (EWB); 3. 50% (v/v) acetone aqueous solution (50%AWB); 4. 100% acetone solution (AWB). Singlebond universal adhesive was then applied and composite buildups were constructed. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS), failure modes and interface nanoleakage were respectively evaluated after 24 h of water storage, 10,000 times of thermocycling or 1-month collagenase ageing. zymography and contact angle were also investigated. Acetone pretreatment preserved MTBS after thermocycling or collagenase ageing ( 0.05) without affecting the immediate MTBS ( 0.05). Furthermore, AWB group manifested fewer nanoleakage than WWB group. More importantly, the contact angle of the dentin surfaces decreased significantly and collagenolytic activities within the hybrid layer were suppressed in AWB group. This study suggested that the AWB technique was effective in enhancing the dentin bond durability by increasing the wettability of dentin surface to dental adhesives, removing residual water in the hybrid layer, improving the penetration of adhesive monomer, and inhibiting the collagenolytic activities. The lifespan of adhesive restorations would be increased by utilization of acetone wet-bonding technique.
PubMed: 38169916
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1309503 -
Cureus Nov 2023The objective of the study was to assess and compare the dentinal microcracks produced by TruNatomy, Neoendo Flex, and Neoendo Neohybrid files during root canal...
AIM
The objective of the study was to assess and compare the dentinal microcracks produced by TruNatomy, Neoendo Flex, and Neoendo Neohybrid files during root canal preparation.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In this in vitro investigation, four groups of 25 samples each were assembled from 100 mandibular premolar teeth. Using TruNatomy, Neoendo Flex, and Neoendo Neohybrid files, or leaving the teeth unprepared (control), the teeth underwent root canal preparation. Horizontal sections were taken at different distances from the apex to analyze dentinal cracks. A stereomicroscope was used to assess the existence or lack of cracks, and chi-square tests were performed on the data.
RESULTS
In the control group, there were no cracks. TruNatomy files created fewer cracks compared to Neoendo Flex and Neoendo Neohybrid files.
CONCLUSIONS
This in vitro investigation demonstrates that the root surface might acquire dentinal cracks as a result of nickel-titanium instruments. Compared to Neoendo Flex and Neoendo Neohybrid files, TruNatomy showed a decreased incidence of cracks. However, it is important to note that these conclusions are limited to the scope of this study.
PubMed: 38161952
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49593 -
BMC Oral Health Dec 2023The placement of liners near the pulp area is essential for therapeutic effects and maintaining pulp health while stimulating the formation of tertiary dentin. This in...
BACKGROUND
The placement of liners near the pulp area is essential for therapeutic effects and maintaining pulp health while stimulating the formation of tertiary dentin. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the calcium release, pH, biocompatibility, solubility, and bioactivity of three resin-modified calcium hydroxide cavity liners.
METHODS
The disc specimens of each cavity liner were prepared using polyethylene molds of 7 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height (n = 10). Three light-cure liners evaluated include Ultra-Blend Plus (UB), Base-it (BI), and Master Dent (MD). The samples were then immersed in flasks containing 10 mL of distilled water. Calcium ion release, pH, and solubility were evaluated in two weeks of incubation. The cytotoxicity of extracts adjacent to the specimens was evaluated by MTT assay using NIH/3T3 cells after 1, 3, and 7 days of incubation. The ability to induce the nucleation of calcium phosphates (CaPs) after 28-day immersion in a simulated body fluid was investigated by SEM-EDX analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and repeated measures tests at the significant level of 0.05.
RESULTS
There was a significant difference in the release of calcium ions among the three liners investigated on days 1, 7, and 14 (p < 0.05). UB liners exhibited a significantly higher amount of calcium release than the other two liners, followed by BI, and MD. On day 1, there was no significant difference in the average pH among the three liners. However, after day 7, the MD liner showed a significant decrease in pH compared to the other two liners. BI liner demonstrated the highest level of biocompatibility, followed by the MD and UB liners. UB showed a high calcium release, solubility with no alkalizing activity, and the formation of more mature Ca-rich apatite deposits than the other two liners.
CONCLUSION
Based on the results of this study, the cavity liner material's performance is material dependent. It can impact ion release, biocompatibility, and bioactivity which are important factors to consider in clinical practice. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of different liner materials on oral tissues.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mice; Calcium Hydroxide; Calcium; Dental Cavity Lining; Calcium Phosphates; Apatites; Materials Testing
PubMed: 38129851
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03723-3 -
PloS One 2023This study investigates the biomechanical performance of various dental materials when filled in different cavity designs and their effects on surrounding dental...
This study investigates the biomechanical performance of various dental materials when filled in different cavity designs and their effects on surrounding dental tissues. Finite element models of three infected teeth with different cavity designs, Class I (occlusal), Class II mesial-occlusal (MO), and Class II mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) were constructed. These cavities were filled with amalgam, composites (Young's moduli of 10, 14, 18, 22, and 26 GPa), and glass carbomer cement (GCC). An occlusal load of 600 N was distributed on the top surface of the teeth to carry out simulations. The findings revealed that von Mises stress was higher in GCC material, with cavity Class I (46.01 MPa in the enamel, 23.61 MPa in the dentin), and for cavity Class II MO von Mises stress was 43.64 MPa, 39.18 MPa in enamel and dentin respectively, while in case of cavity Class II MOD von Mises stress was 44.67 MPa in enamel, 27.5 in the dentin. The results showed that higher stresses were generated in the non-restored tooth compared to the restored one, and increasing Young's modulus of restorative composite material decreases stresses in enamel and dentin. The use of composite material showed excellent performance which can be a good viable option for restorative material compared to other restorative materials.
Topics: Finite Element Analysis; Composite Resins; Elastic Modulus; Glass Ionomer Cements; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dental Stress Analysis; Stress, Mechanical
PubMed: 38128035
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295582 -
Head & Face Medicine Dec 2023The main aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological aspects and distribution of granules composed of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and human...
OBJECTIVE
The main aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological aspects and distribution of granules composed of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and human dentin-derived bone graft (HDBG) into a putty consistency mixture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
DBBM or HDBG were mixed with an alginate-based hydrogel at two different granule/hydrogel ratio (1:1 and 1:3) and divided into four test groups while two control groups were composed of DBBM or HDBG free of hydrogel. Groups of specimens were cross-sectioned for morphological evaluation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at backscattered electrons mode. Details on the dimensions and pores' size of DBBM and HDBG were evaluated after mixing different amounts of particles and alginate-based hydrogels.
RESULTS
Microscopic analyses revealed a size of DBBM granules ranging from 750 up to 1600 μm while HDBG particles showed particle size ranging from 375 up to 1500 μm. No statistical differences were identified regarding the size of granules (p > 0.5). The mean values of pores' size of DBBM particles were noticed at around 400 μm while HDBG particles revealed micro-scale pores of around 1-3 μm promoted by the dentin tubules (p < 0.05). The lowest distance between particles was at 125 μm for HDBG and 250 μm for DBBM when the particle content was increased. On decreasing the particles' content, the distance between particles was larger for DBBM (~ 1000 μm) and HDBG (~ 1100 μm). In fact, statistically significant differences were found when the content of granules increased (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The increased content of bioactive ceramic granules in a putty consistency mixture with hydrogel decreased the space among granules that can promote a high ceramic density and stimulate the bone growth over the healing process. Macro-scale pores on bovine bone mineral granules stimulate the formation of blood vessels and cell migration while the micro-scale pores of dentin-derived granules are proper for the adsorption of proteins and growth of osteogenic cells on the bone healing process.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
A high amount of bioactive ceramic granules should be considered when mixing with hydrogels as a putty material since that result in small spaces among granules maintaining the bone volume over the bone healing process. Deproteinized bovine bone mineral granules have macro-scale pores providing an enhanced angiogenesis while dentin-derived granules possess only micro-scale pores for the adsorption of proteins and proliferation of osteogenic cells on the bone healing process. Further studies should evaluate the combination of different bioactive ceramic materials for enhanced bone healing.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Cattle; Bone Transplantation; Minerals; Alginates; Hydrogels; Dentin; Bone Substitutes; Bone Regeneration
PubMed: 38110992
DOI: 10.1186/s13005-023-00398-7 -
Scientific Reports Dec 2023Skeletogenesis and hematopoiesis are interdependent. Niches form between cells of both lineages where microenvironmental cues support specific lineage commitment....
Skeletogenesis and hematopoiesis are interdependent. Niches form between cells of both lineages where microenvironmental cues support specific lineage commitment. Because of the complex topography of bone marrow (BM), the identity and function of cells within specialized niches has not been fully elucidated. Dentin Matrix Protein 1 (DMP1)-Cre mice have been utilized in bone studies as mature osteoblasts and osteocytes express DMP1. DMP1 has been identified in CXCL12 cells and an undefined CD45 population. We crossed DMP1-Cre with Ai9 reporter mice and analyzed the tdTomato (tdT) population in BM and secondary hematopoietic organs. CD45tdT express myeloid markers including CD11b and are established early in ontogeny. CD45tdT cells phagocytose, respond to LPS and are radioresistant. Depletion of macrophages caused a significant decrease in tdTCD11b myeloid populations. A subset of CD45tdT cells may be erythroid island macrophages (EIM) which are depleted after G-CSF treatment. tdTCXCL12 cells are in direct contact with F4/80 macrophages, express RANKL and form a niche with B220 B cells. A population of resident cells within the thymus are tdT and express myeloid markers and RANKL. In conclusion, in addition to targeting osteoblast/osteocytes, DMP1-Cre labels unique cell populations of macrophage and stromal cells within BM and thymus niches and expresses key microenvironmental factors.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Bone Marrow; Osteoblasts; Osteocytes; Stromal Cells; Bone Marrow Cells
PubMed: 38104230
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49713-x -
Cureus Nov 2023The main purpose of obturation is to achieve a complete three-dimensional sealing of the pulp space to create a tight seal and prevent bacterial movement and its toxins...
BACKGROUND
The main purpose of obturation is to achieve a complete three-dimensional sealing of the pulp space to create a tight seal and prevent bacterial movement and its toxins to the periapical tissues. Different approaches and sealants have been developed due to the root canal system's intricacy for ensuring tight adherence. The root canal sealants need to establish a bond between the material and root dentine in order to prevent leakage. Even though the biocompatibility and sealing abilities of the materials are prioritized in modern endodontics, some sealers incorporate therapeutic or antibacterial drugs like corticosteroids or calcium hydroxide. An endodontic sealer's cytotoxicity and antibacterial capabilities must be perfectly balanced. Due to the limited evidence in endodontic literature regarding the relationship between postoperative pain and the sealers that are used in this study, we conducted the research to explore the same.
AIM
This study aimed to evaluate and compare pain in responses to polydimethylsiloxane and calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers (CS-BG).
METHODOLOGY
The participants were divided into two groups, Nanoseal (Nanoseal-S™; Prevest, DenPro, USA) and Bioceramic (CeraSeal™; Mera Biomed Co., Cheongju, Korea) with 20 patients in each group. After caries excavation and access opening, the biomechanical preparations were performed in each tooth. To avoid over-instrumentation, the working length was verified after each instrument use. The standard irrigation protocol was performed. Sealers were mixed according to the manufacturer's instructions followed by obturation. The patients were asked to take medicines only if they had pain. The pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) postoperatively at 24 hours, 48 hours, and a week after the root canal obturation.
RESULTS
Pain perception using Nanoseal-S™ and CeraSeal™ materials were compared at 24 hrs, 72 hrs, and seven days. Nanoseal showed statistically significant repletion at 24 hrs and seven days.
CONCLUSION
The decreased irritation character of CS-BG for the periapical tissues explains the lesser percentage of pain during and pain immediately after root canal obturation observed in this investigation, which proves CS-BG is highly biocompatible with periapical tissue and further reduces patient anxiety during root canal obturation.
PubMed: 38074070
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48331 -
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Nov 2023This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a single-file reciprocating system (WaveOne Gold, WOG) and a multi-file rotary system (ProTaper Universal Retreatment,...
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a single-file reciprocating system (WaveOne Gold, WOG) and a multi-file rotary system (ProTaper Universal Retreatment, PTUR) in removing canal filling from severely curved canals and to evaluate the possible adjunctive effects of XP-Endo Finisher (XPF), the Self-Adjusting File (SAF), and an erbium, chromium: yttrium, scandium, gallium garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser using micro-computed tomography (μCT).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty-six curved mandibular molars were divided into 2 groups based on the retreatment technique and then into 3 based on the supplementary method. The residual filling volumes and root canals were evaluated with μCT before and after retreatment, and after the supplementary steps. The data were statistically analyzed with the -test, Mann-Whitney test, analysis of covariance, and factorial analysis of variance ( < 0.05).
RESULTS
PTUR and WOG showed no significant difference in removing filling materials ( > 0.05). The supplementary techniques were significantly more effective than reciprocating or rotary systems only ( < 0.01). The supplementary steps showed no significant differences in canal filling removal effectiveness ( > 0.05), but XPF showed less dentin reduction than the SAF and Er,Cr:YSGG laser ( < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The supplementary methods significantly decreased the volume of residual filling materials. XPF caused minimal changes in root canal volume and might be preferred for retreatment in curved root canals. Supplementary approaches after retreatment procedures may improve root canal cleanliness.
PubMed: 38053777
DOI: 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e36 -
International Journal of Oral Science Dec 2023Elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) results in rickets and phosphate wasting, manifesting by severe bone and dental...
Elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) results in rickets and phosphate wasting, manifesting by severe bone and dental abnormalities. Burosumab, a FGF23-neutralizing antibody, an alternative to conventional treatment (phosphorus and active vitamin D analogs), showed significant improvement in the long bone phenotype. Here, we examined whether FGF23 antibody (FGF23-mAb) also improved the dentoalveolar features associated with XLH. Four-week-old male Hyp mice were injected weekly with 4 or 16 mg·kg of FGF23-mAb for 2 months and compared to wild-type (WT) and vehicle (PBS) treated Hyp mice (n = 3-7 mice). Micro-CT analyses showed that both doses of FGF23-mAb restored dentin/cementum volume and corrected the enlarged pulp volume in Hyp mice, the higher concentration resulting in a rescue similar to WT levels. FGF23-mAb treatment also improved alveolar bone volume fraction and mineral density compared to vehicle-treated ones. Histology revealed improved mineralization of the dentoalveolar tissues, with a decreased amount of osteoid, predentin and cementoid. Better periodontal ligament attachment was also observed, evidenced by restoration of the acellular cementum. These preclinical data were consistent with the retrospective analysis of two patients with XLH showing that burosumab treatment improved oral features. Taken together, our data show that the dentoalveolar tissues are greatly improved by FGF23-mAb treatment, heralding its benefit in clinics for dental abnormalities.
Topics: Humans; Male; Mice; Animals; Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets; Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; Retrospective Studies; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Bone and Bones; Phosphates
PubMed: 38052774
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00259-8