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International Journal of Oral Science Dec 2023Elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) results in rickets and phosphate wasting, manifesting by severe bone and dental...
Elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) results in rickets and phosphate wasting, manifesting by severe bone and dental abnormalities. Burosumab, a FGF23-neutralizing antibody, an alternative to conventional treatment (phosphorus and active vitamin D analogs), showed significant improvement in the long bone phenotype. Here, we examined whether FGF23 antibody (FGF23-mAb) also improved the dentoalveolar features associated with XLH. Four-week-old male Hyp mice were injected weekly with 4 or 16 mg·kg of FGF23-mAb for 2 months and compared to wild-type (WT) and vehicle (PBS) treated Hyp mice (n = 3-7 mice). Micro-CT analyses showed that both doses of FGF23-mAb restored dentin/cementum volume and corrected the enlarged pulp volume in Hyp mice, the higher concentration resulting in a rescue similar to WT levels. FGF23-mAb treatment also improved alveolar bone volume fraction and mineral density compared to vehicle-treated ones. Histology revealed improved mineralization of the dentoalveolar tissues, with a decreased amount of osteoid, predentin and cementoid. Better periodontal ligament attachment was also observed, evidenced by restoration of the acellular cementum. These preclinical data were consistent with the retrospective analysis of two patients with XLH showing that burosumab treatment improved oral features. Taken together, our data show that the dentoalveolar tissues are greatly improved by FGF23-mAb treatment, heralding its benefit in clinics for dental abnormalities.
Topics: Humans; Male; Mice; Animals; Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets; Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; Retrospective Studies; Fibroblast Growth Factors; Bone and Bones; Phosphates
PubMed: 38052774
DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00259-8 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Dec 2023Different surface preparation and treatment methods may have dissimilar effects on the microleakage of composite resin. This study was conducted to determine the...
OBJECTVES
Different surface preparation and treatment methods may have dissimilar effects on the microleakage of composite resin. This study was conducted to determine the deproteinizing effect of 10% bromelain enzyme, 10% papain enzyme, CO , and erbium-YAG laser in regard to decrease in the microleakage of composite restorations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty teeth were selected and 60 class V cavities were prepared on the lingual and buccal sides. They were divided into six groups (n = 10): Group 1, phosphoric acid gel; Group 2, bromelain enzyme 10%; Group 3, papain enzyme 10%; Group 4, mixed papain and bromelain enzymes 10%; Group 5, CO laser; and Group 6, erbium-YAG laser. They were stored in basic fuchsine and dye penetration was evaluated. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, p < 0.05 RESULTS: In both occlusal and gingival margins, comparison of microleakage between groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 showed no significant differences (p = 1) and group 6 had a significant difference with other groups (p ˂ 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Microleakage of composite resin in the dentin surface was not affected significantly using either bromelain or papain 10% enzymes or erbium laser. However, CO laser had a negative effect on the enamel and dentin margins and increased the microleakage. Erbium laser showed a better effect than enzymes on microleakage.
Topics: Humans; Erbium; Carbon Dioxide; Papain; Bromelains; Dental Cavity Preparation; Composite Resins; Lasers, Solid-State; Dental Caries
PubMed: 38037462
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.822 -
Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry 2023To assess the influence of dentifrices with different abrasiveness levels on the properties of dental reconstructive materials. Forty-eight cylinders were obtained from...
To assess the influence of dentifrices with different abrasiveness levels on the properties of dental reconstructive materials. Forty-eight cylinders were obtained from four polymeric materials, being two CAD/CAM acrylic resins (Ivotion-Dent and Ivotion-Base), one injected acrylic resin (IvoBase-Hydrid) and one light-cured resin composite (Empress Direct). Specimens were allocated to four subgroups for toothbrushing simulation according to the dentifrice relative dentin abrasivity (RDA) and silica content: (i) RDA 0 = 0%; (ii) RDA 50 = 3%; (iii) RDA 100 = 10%; and (iv) RDA 120 = 25%. Specimens were then subjected to toothbrushing. Surface analyses [surface roughness Ra (SR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)] along with hardness and optical properties [translucency parameter (TP) and contrast ratio (CR)] were evaluated before and after toothbrushing. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA and Tukey test. A significant increase in SR was observed after toothbrushing with higher RDA toothpastes for Ivotion-Dent (100 and 120) and IvoBase-Hybrid (120). Ivotion-Base and Empress Direct presented no significant differences in SR when analyzed as a function of timepoint and RDA levels. Hardness was not influenced by toothbrushing with different RDA dentifrices, except for Empress Direct with RDA 0 toothpaste, where a decrease in the hardness was observed. TP of Ivotion-Dent and Empress Direct significantly decreased after toothbrushing with higher RDA dentifrices and CR of Ivotion-Dent, Empress Direct and IvoBase-Hybrid significantly increased with higher RDA dentifrices. The levels of dentifrice abrasiveness affected differently the SR, hardness and optical properties of polymeric reconstructive materials after toothbrushing.
PubMed: 38027422
DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2268670 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023The present study aimed to investigate the possible use of a non-instrumentation technique including blue light irradiation for root canal cleaning. Extracted human...
The present study aimed to investigate the possible use of a non-instrumentation technique including blue light irradiation for root canal cleaning. Extracted human single rooted teeth were selected. Nine different groups included distilled water, NaOCl, intra-canal heated NaOCl, and NaOCl + EDTA irrigation after either instrumentation or non-instrumentation, and a laser application group following non-instrumentation technique. The chemical assessment of the root canal dentine was evaluated using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Surface microstructural analyses were performed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial efficacy of different preparation techniques was evaluated using microbial tests. Light application didn't change the calcium/phosphorus, carbonate/phosphate and amide I/phosphate ratios of the root canal dentin. The root canal dentin preserved its original chemistry and microstructure after light application. The instrumentation decreased the carbonate/phosphate and amide I/phosphate ratios of the root canal dentin regardless of the irrigation solution or technique (p < 0.05). The application of light could not provide antibacterial efficacy to match the NaOCl irrigation. The NaOCl irrigation both in the non-instrumentation and instrumentation groups significantly reduced the number of bacteria (p < 0.05). The use of minimally invasive root canal preparation techniques where the root canal is not instrumented and is disinfected by light followed by obturation with a hydraulic cement sealer reduced the microbial load and preserved the dentin thus may be an attractive treatment option for management of vital teeth needing root canal therapy.
Topics: Humans; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Dentin; Root Canal Therapy; Phosphates; Carbonates; Amides; Root Canal Irrigants; Edetic Acid; Sodium Hypochlorite; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
PubMed: 37990070
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47682-9 -
The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College Dec 2023This report describes a case of gingival recession in multiple teeth with severe dentin hypersensitivity (DH) in which treatment included periodontal plastic surgery....
This report describes a case of gingival recession in multiple teeth with severe dentin hypersensitivity (DH) in which treatment included periodontal plastic surgery. The patient was a 34-year-old woman presenting with the chief complaint of DH at gingivalrecession sites. The patient had undergone orthodontic treatment when she was 30 years old. An initial examination revealed that none of the sites showed a probing depth of ≥4 mm and 21% of sites bleeding on probing. The clinical diagnosis was plaque-induced gingivitis. Teeth #14, 16, 23, 25, 26, 34, 35, 45, and 46 showed gingival recession ranging from 1 to 4 mm. Gingival recession at #45 extended to the muco-gingival junction. No association with alveolar bone loss was observed in any of the interdental areas. Therefore, the sites presenting with gingival recession were classified as Miller Class I, except #45, which was classified as Class II. The periodontal phenotype was 'thin'. Based on the results of clinical examination and diagnosis, initial periodontal therapy (IP) consisting of oral hygiene instruction, supra-gingival scaling, application of a desensitizing agent, and composite resin restoration was performed. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, which was used to assess degree of DH, showed only a minimal decrease, however, at post-IP. Subsequently, a modified coronally advanced tunnel (a modified technique for achieving a coronally advanced flap) using a connective tissue graft was performed in #14, 16, 23, 25, 26, 45, and 46. After re-evaluation, the patient was placed on maintenance care. The series of interventions resulted in a considerable improvement in the VAS and oral health-related quality of life scores. Furthermore, a change in the periodontal phenotype, from 'thin' to 'thick', was observed, which may contribute to the prevention of further gingival recession and DH. The present case suggests that periodontal plastic surgery is an effective treatment modality for the resolution of DH.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Gingival Recession; Quality of Life; Follow-Up Studies; Gingiva; Treatment Outcome; Connective Tissue; Tooth Root
PubMed: 37967940
DOI: 10.2209/tdcpublication.2023-0003 -
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental... 2023Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) surround the surface of odontoblasts, and their modification affects their affinity for Wnt ligands. This study proposes applying...
On-demand chlorine dioxide solution enhances odontoblast differentiation through desulfation of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan and subsequent activation of canonical Wnt signaling.
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) surround the surface of odontoblasts, and their modification affects their affinity for Wnt ligands. This study proposes applying Matching Transformation System (MA-T), a novel chlorinated oxidant, to enhance dentinogenesis. MA-T treatment in odontoblasts decreased sulfation of HSPG and upregulated the expression of () and () via activation of canonical Wnt signaling . application of MA-T also enhanced dentin matrix formation in developing tooth explants. Reanalysis of a public single-cell RNA-seq dataset revealed significant Wnt activity in the odontoblast population, with enrichment for and . Silencing assays showed that and were redundant in inducing and mRNA expression. These Wnt ligands' expression was upregulated by MA-T treatment, and TCF/LEF binding sites are present in their promoters. Furthermore, the Wnt inhibitors Notum and Dkk1 were enriched in odontoblasts, and their expression was also upregulated by MA-T treatment, together suggesting autonomous maintenance of Wnt signaling in odontoblasts. This study provides evidence that MA-T activates dentinogenesis by modifying HSPG and through subsequent activation of Wnt signaling.
PubMed: 37954207
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1271455 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of a demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) in decreasing the initial inflammatory response of the...
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of a demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) in decreasing the initial inflammatory response of the gingiva and facilitating the repair and regeneration of soft tissue in alveolar ridge preservation.
METHODS
This clinical study employed a split-mouth design. Fourteen patients with a total of forty-four sites underwent extraction and alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) procedures. A Bilaterally symmetrical extraction operation were conducted on the premolars of each patient. The experimental group received DDM as a graft material for ARP, while the control group underwent natural healing. Within the first month postoperatively, the pain condition, color, and swelling status of the extraction sites were initially assessed at different time points Subsequently, measurements were taken for buccal gingival margin height, buccal-lingual width, extraction socket contour, and the extraction socket area and healing rate were digitally measured. Additionally, Alcian Blue staining was used for histological evaluation of the content during alveolar socket healing.
RESULTS
Both groups experienced uneventful healing, with no adverse reactions observed at any of the extraction sites. The differences in VAS pain scores between the two groups postoperatively were not statistically significant. In the early stage of gingival tissue healing (3 days postoperatively), there were statistically significant differences in gingival condition and buccal gingival margin height between the two groups. In the later stage of gingival tissue healing (7, 14, and 30 days postoperatively), there were statistically significant differences in buccal-lingual width, extraction socket healing area, and healing rate between the two groups. Furthermore, the histological results from Alcian Blue staining suggested that the experimental group may play a significant role in promoting gingival tissue healing, possibly by regulating inflammatory responses when compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION
The application of DDM in alveolar ridge preservation has been found to diminish initial gingival inflammation after tooth extraction. Additionally, it has shown the ability to accelerate early gingival soft tissue healing and preserve its anatomical contour.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2100050650.
Topics: Humans; Alcian Blue; Alveolar Process; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Bicuspid; Gingiva; Pain; Tooth Socket; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 37929019
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1281649 -
European Review For Medical and... Oct 2023This study aimed to investigate the effect of adhesive thinning on resin-dentin-bonded interfaces created by two simplified adhesives.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the effect of adhesive thinning on resin-dentin-bonded interfaces created by two simplified adhesives.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Micro-tensile bond strengths and interfacial nanoleakage were evaluated within bonded dentin interfaces formed by Adper Single Bond 2 and Single Bond Universal after 24 hours and 6 months of water storage. The adhesives were subjected to three different techniques: air-thinning, brush-thinning, or application without thinning. Statistical analysis was performed using a multi-level analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni's post-hoc test, at a significance level of 0.05.
RESULTS
Adper Single Bond 2 demonstrated the highest immediate microtensile bond strengths (43.5 ± 1.3 MPa) and the lowest immediate nanoleakage (49.8 ± 2.8%) when air-thinning was employed. Single Bond Universal exhibited the lowest nanoleakage (36.4 ± 1.8%) when air-thinning was used, although there was no significant difference in immediate bond strengths between air-thinning and brush-thinning approaches, which both showed higher values compared to the no-thinning approach. After 6 months of storage, a significant decrease in bond strengths and a significant increase in nanoleakage were observed across most groups (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
While all groups displayed varying degrees of instability over a 6-month storage period, air-thinning of simplified etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives proved to provide clinically acceptable bonded interfaces. The findings suggest that adhesive thinning techniques can play a vital role in enhancing bond stability and longevity in resin-dentin-bonded interfaces.
Topics: Dentin; Resin Cements; Adhesives; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Materials Testing
PubMed: 37916328
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_34134 -
Journal of Functional Biomaterials Oct 2023This study assessed the antibacterial characteristics of the dentin/material interface and dentin surfaces exposed to experimental hydraulic calcium silicate cement...
This study assessed the antibacterial characteristics of the dentin/material interface and dentin surfaces exposed to experimental hydraulic calcium silicate cement (HCSC) with or without bioactive glass (BG) replacement (20% or 40%) or mixed with a silver nanoparticle (SNP) solution (1 or 2 mg/mL), and Biodentine, TotalFill BC RRM putty and Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM). Human root dentin segments with test materials were assessed at 1 or 28 days. In one series, the specimens were split to expose the dentin and material surfaces. A 24 h direct contact test was conducted against three-day established and monospecies biofilms. In another series, the dentin/material interface of intact specimens was exposed to biofilm membranes for 3 days and the antibacterial activity was assessed via confocal microscopy. The interface was additionally characterised. All one-day material and dentin surfaces were antibacterial. Dentin surfaces exposed to HCSC with 40% BG-replacement, Biodentine and IRM had decreased antibacterial properties compared to those of the other cements. The HCSC mixed with a 2 mg/mL SNP solution had the highest antimicrobial effect in the confocal assay. The interfacial characteristics of HCSCs were similar. The test materials conferred antibacterial activity onto the adjacent dentin. The BG reduced the antibacterial effect of dentin exposed to HCSC; a 2 mg/mL SNP solution increased the antibacterial potential for longer interaction periods (three-day exposure).
PubMed: 37888176
DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100511 -
Polymers Oct 2023This study evaluated the effect of a 0.5% chloramine T solution on a chemical-cured universal adhesive by comparing the light-cured, one-step, self-etch adhesive for the...
This study evaluated the effect of a 0.5% chloramine T solution on a chemical-cured universal adhesive by comparing the light-cured, one-step, self-etch adhesive for the bonding performance, mechanical properties, and resin-dentin interfacial characteristics. Caries-free human molars were randomly assigned into eight groups based on the bonding systems employed (Bond Force II, BF and Bondmer Lightless, BL), the immersion solutions used before bonding (0.5% chloramine T solution and distilled water), and the immersion durations (5 and 60 min). Microtensile bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage evaluation, and nanoindentation tests were performed, and the surface morphology of the resin-dentin interface was examined using a focus ion beam/scanning ion microscopy system. Immersion in chloramine-T for 5 min significantly decreased the μTBS of Bondmer Lightless (from 22.62 to 12.87 MPa) compared with that in distilled water. Moreover, there was also a decreasing trend after immersing in chloramine-T for 60 min (from 19.11 to 13.93 MPa). Chloramine T was found to have no effect on the hardness, elastic modulus, or morphological characteristics of the ion-beam milled resin-dentin interfacial surfaces in the tested adhesives, suggesting that chloramine T might reduce the bond strength by interfering with the interaction and the sealing between the adhesive resin and dentin in the chemical-cured universal adhesive, albeit without affecting the mechanical properties.
PubMed: 37836044
DOI: 10.3390/polym15193995