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Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disease that seriously affects human physical and mental health. Studies have reported that hemp seeds can improve...
Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disease that seriously affects human physical and mental health. Studies have reported that hemp seeds can improve constipation, however the specific mechanism is still unclear. This study investigates that hemp seed (HS) and its water-ethanol extract (HSE) attenuates loperamide-induced constipation in mice. The research results show that: the fecal water content and small intestinal transit rate of mice in the hemp seed group and hemp seed hydroalcoholic extract group were significantly increased compared with MC group, and the first red feces defecation time was significantly shortened; HS and HSE significantly influence serum levels of Gastrin (Gas), motilin (MTL), substance P (SP), and endothelin (ET), potentially mediating their effects on gastrointestinal motility. HS and HSE can improve colon inflammation in constipated mice with H&E staining. Compared with the model of constipation group, the content of short-chain fatty acids in the HS group and HSE group increased significantly. Gut microbiome studies have shown that the structure and abundance of intestinal flora are altered. HS and HSE changed the abundance of . Together, these results suggest that HS have the potential to stimulate the proliferation of beneficial gut microbes and promote intestinal motility, thereby improving gut health and relieving symptoms of constipation.
PubMed: 38638898
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1353015 -
Oncology Letters Jun 2024Colon cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignant tumor. In addition to conventional treatment, thoughtful and comprehensive aftercare should be given to patients. The...
Colon cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignant tumor. In addition to conventional treatment, thoughtful and comprehensive aftercare should be given to patients. The present study aimed to explore the effects of explain-simulate-practice-communication-support (ESPCS) model nursing on the surgical tolerance, gastrointestinal recovery and self-management efficacy of patients with colon cancer. The clinical data of 136 patients with colon cancer diagnosed and treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (Harbin, China) from June 2020 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and a total of 84 patients met the inclusion criteria. A total of 42 patients who underwent conventional nursing were included in the conventional nursing group and 42 patients who underwent ESPCS model nursing were included in the ESPCS model nursing group. Surgical tolerance, gastrointestinal recovery, self-management efficacy (Cancer Self-Management Efficacy Scale), quality of life (Comprehensive Quality of Life Inventory-74) and nursing satisfaction were analyzed. Slightly higher proportions of excellent and good surgical tolerance were found in the ESPCS model nursing group (97.62%) compared with those in the conventional nursing group (85.71%); however, no significant difference was shown (P>0.05). Compared with the conventional nursing group, the time needed for gastric tube removal, bowel sound recovery, anal exhaust, first defecation, general food intake and the time until getting out of bed was significantly shorter in the ESPS model nursing group (all P<0.05). Before the intervention, no statistically significant difference was found between the indicators in the Cancer Self-Management Efficacy Scale of the two groups (all P>0.05). After the intervention, the ESPCS model nursing group had significantly higher scores for positive attitude, stress relief and self-determination than the conventional nursing group (all P<0.05). Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the indicators of CQOLI-74 between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the ESPCS model nursing group also had significantly higher scores for social function, psychological function, life state and somatic function compared with the conventional nursing group (all P<0.05). Higher satisfaction of patients was found in the ESPCS mode group (95.24%) compared with that in the conventional nursing group (78.57%) (P<0.05). Overall, ESPCS mode nursing could effectively elevate the surgical tolerance of patients with colon cancer, promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, increase self-management efficacy, and improve the quality of life and nursing satisfaction, which is certainly worthy of clinical promotion.
PubMed: 38638842
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14380 -
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Apr 2024Constipation is the infrequent or difficult emission of hard, dry faeces and is a common digestive condition in cats. Psyllium is a low-fermentable fibre, with soluble...
OBJECTIVES
Constipation is the infrequent or difficult emission of hard, dry faeces and is a common digestive condition in cats. Psyllium is a low-fermentable fibre, with soluble and insoluble components and water-holding properties. It forms a mucilaginous gel with water and is used for the symptomatic treatment of constipation in various species. This study evaluated the effect of dietary psyllium on faecal characteristics in cats.
METHODS
Healthy neutered adult cats (six female and three male, aged 3.3-4.4 years) were consecutively fed a dry extruded diet containing either 6% psyllium (test) or 6% cellulose (control) for 10 days each. During the last 3 days (the collection days) of both feeding periods, bowel movements and faecal scores were recorded, and faeces were collected to measure wet weight and moisture. The statistical analysis used linear mixed models with diet, day and their interaction as fixed effects and animal as a random term.
RESULTS
The test diet was associated with significantly more bowel movements per day over 3 days ( = 0.0052) and on collection day 2 ( = 0.0229) than the control diet. The mean faecal score was higher (softer faeces) over all three collection days ( <0.0001) and on collection days 1, 2 and 3 ( = 0.0011, = 0.0349, = 0.0003, respectively) for the test diet vs the control diet; the total faecal wet weight ( = 0.0003) and faecal moisture (%) were also higher ( = 0.0426) for the test diet. Faeces associated with the test diet often had a dry shell and soft interior, which increased the faecal score.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Psyllium promoted more bowel movements and higher faecal moisture and faecal score in healthy cats, consistent with a previous uncontrolled clinical trial in constipated cats. Together, the studies support the use of dietary psyllium for managing cats with constipation.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Female; Male; Constipation; Defecation; Dietary Fiber; Feces; Powders; Psyllium; Water
PubMed: 38635357
DOI: 10.1177/1098612X241234151 -
Environmental Health Insights 2024The use of toilet facilities is a major sanitation intervention, as it reduces the spread of diarrheal diseases. In areas where toilets are misused, human excreta may be...
The use of toilet facilities is a major sanitation intervention, as it reduces the spread of diarrheal diseases. In areas where toilets are misused, human excreta may be disposed of in open fields, bushes, and other open places. However, information about the level of utilization of toilet facilities in developing regions of Ethiopia is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify open defecation (OD) levels and determinants of OD among household-owned toilets in Gambella town, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 561 households in Gambela Town, using systematic random sampling and questionnaires. The level of OD was analyzed using frequency and percentage. The determinants of OD were assessed using binary logistic regression. Variables with a -value less than .25 in univariable logistic regression were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model, and statistical significance was declared at a -value less than .05. The model's fit was tested using Hosmer and Lemeshow's goodness of fit. The study found that OD was 47.2% [95% CI: 43.2%-51.4%] among those who owned toilet facilities. The determinants of OD were: occupation of household head [AOR: 5.27, 95% CI: 3.08-9.00], toilet facilities lacking a superstructure [AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.16-3.43], toilet facilities lacking doors [AOR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.97-5.27], large family size [AOR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.29-3.60], knowledge of the respondents [AOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.50-3.99], and respondents with negative attitude [AOR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.12-2.74]. Therefore, key stakeholders should focus on improving toilet utilization, considering those factors in their interventions.
PubMed: 38628467
DOI: 10.1177/11786302241246421 -
Actas Espanolas de Psiquiatria Apr 2024Catatonia encompasses a group of severe psychomotor syndromes affecting patients' motor, speech, and complex behaviors. Common features include rigidity, reduced...
BACKGROUD
Catatonia encompasses a group of severe psychomotor syndromes affecting patients' motor, speech, and complex behaviors. Common features include rigidity, reduced mobility, speech, sputum production, defecation, and eating. Risks associated with catatonia, such as increased muscle tension and reduced swallowing and coughing reflexes, along with risks from therapeutic approaches like prolonged bed rest and sedative drugs, can elevate the risk of aspiration pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure. These complications significantly impede catatonia treatment, leading to poor prognosis and jeopardizing patient safety.
CASE DESCRIPTION
In this report, we present a case of catatonia complicated by severe pneumonia and respiratory failure, successfully managed with modified electroconvulsive therapy alongside tracheotomy. We hope this case provides valuable insights for psychiatrists encountering similar scenarios, facilitating the development of rational therapeutic strategies for prompt improvement of patient condition.
Topics: Humans; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Tracheotomy; Catatonia; Pneumonia; Respiratory Insufficiency
PubMed: 38622014
DOI: 10.62641/aep.v52i2.1528 -
Journal of Animal Science and Technology Jan 2024Constipation, which refers to difficulties in defecation and infrequent bowel movement in emptying the gastrointestinal system that ultimately produces hardened fecal...
Constipation, which refers to difficulties in defecation and infrequent bowel movement in emptying the gastrointestinal system that ultimately produces hardened fecal matters, is a health concern in livestock and aging animals. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of dairy-isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains to alleviate constipation as an alternative therapeutic intervention for constipation treatment in the aging model. Rats were aged via daily subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (600 mg/body weight [kg]), prior to induction of constipation via oral administration of loperamide hydrochloride (5 mg/body weight [kg]). LAB strains ( USM 4189 or USM 4187) were administered daily via oral gavage (1 × 10 Log CFU/day) while the control group received sterile saline. Aged rats as shown with shorter telomere lengths exhibited increased fecal bulk and soften fecal upon administration of LAB strains amid constipation as observed using the Bristol Stool Chart, accompanied by a higher fecal moisture content as compared to the control ( < 0.05). Fecal water-soluble metabolite profiles showed a reduced concentration of threonine upon administration of LAB strains compared to the control ( < 0.05). Histopathological analysis also showed that the administration of LAB strains contributed to a higher colonic goblet cell count as compared to the control ( < 0.05). The present study illustrates the potential of dairy-sourced LAB strains as probiotics to ameliorate the adverse effect of constipation amid aging, and as a potential dietary intervention strategy for dairy foods including yogurt and cheese.
PubMed: 38618031
DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e93 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common gastrointestinal disorder worldwide, is characterized by chronic abdominal pain, bloating, and disordered defecation. IBS is...
Development and Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method to Quantify Marker Compounds in var. and Its Effects in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a common gastrointestinal disorder worldwide, is characterized by chronic abdominal pain, bloating, and disordered defecation. IBS is associated with several factors, including visceral hypersensitivity, gut motility, and gut-brain interaction disorders. Because currently available pharmacological treatments cannot adequately improve symptoms and may cause adverse effects, the use of herbal therapies for managing IBS is increasing. var. (LV) is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine to treat diarrhea. However, information on whether LV can effectively improve diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) remains limited. In this study, using an experimental mouse model of IBS-D, we elucidated the effects of the LV extract. The methanol extract of LV decreased fecal pellet output in the restraint stress- or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-induced IBS mouse model and inhibited 5-HT-mediated [Ca] increase in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, we developed and validated a high-performance liquid chromatography method using two marker compounds, namely, chlorogenic acid and rutin, for quality control analysis. Our study results suggest the feasibility of the methanol extract of LV for developing therapeutic agents to treat IBS-D by acting as a 5-HT receptor antagonist.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Lysimachia; Methanol; Serotonin; Diarrhea; Brain Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38611770
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071489 -
BMC Public Health Apr 2024The Indian Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) was launched in 2014 with the goal to make India open defecation (OD) free by October 2019. Although it is known that the...
BACKGROUND
The Indian Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) was launched in 2014 with the goal to make India open defecation (OD) free by October 2019. Although it is known that the ambitious goal was not achieved, the nature of the sanitation change brought about by the SBM in different parts of India is poorly understood. One reason is a dearth of case studies that would shed light on the performance of the SBM simultaneously across its different domains. This article provides an example of such study. Employing a Process, Outcomes, Context approach, the objective is to understand the process and outcomes of the SBM-induced sanitation change in a specific context of rural Jharkhand.
METHODS
The study utilizes data collected through field research conducted in the rural areas of Ranchi district, Jharkhand, a state in east-central India. This data was obtained via repeated cross-sectional household surveys conducted at the beginning and at the end of the SBM, supplemented by key informant interviews with SBM stakeholders.
FINDINGS
We identified political support of SBM implementation and its acceptance amongst the population. Female community workers became key agents of SBM implementation at local level. The SBM increased toilet coverage in the study area from 15% to 85% and lowered the OD rate from 93% to 26%. It substantially reduced structural inequalities in access to toilets, furthered social sanitation norms, improved some of the attitudes towards toilet use, but impacted less on hygiene and sanitation knowledge. The implementation mainly concentrated on the construction of subsidized toilets but less on improving public understanding of safe sanitation practices.
CONCLUSIONS
Although the SBM reduced sanitation inequalities in access to toilets in the study area, the behaviour change component was underplayed, focusing more on spreading normative sanitation messages and less on public education. Sustainability of the observed sanitation change remains a key question for the future. This article calls for more systematic production of geographically situated knowledge on the performance of sanitation interventions.
Topics: Humans; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sanitation; Asian People; Aspirations, Psychological; India
PubMed: 38609876
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18388-y -
Medicine Apr 2024To analyze the effect of an exercise-nutrition management model based on the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) concept on patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of an ERAS-based exercise-nutrition management model in enhancing postoperative recovery for thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer: A randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
To analyze the effect of an exercise-nutrition management model based on the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) concept on patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical surgery for lung cancer.
METHODS
From June 2019 to December 2022, 85 lung cancer patients who underwent thoracoscopic radical lung cancer surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group, consisting of 42 patients, received routine nursing care during the perioperative period. The study group, comprising 43 patients, implemented an exercise-nutrition management model based on the ERAS concept during the perioperative period. We compared general data, perioperative indicators, compliance, and complications between the 2 groups. Additionally, we assessed the nutritional status using the patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA), albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), and hemoglobin (Hb), as well as lung function, including forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), in the patient population following the Piper intervention.
RESULTS
In the study group, the times to first defecation and getting out of bed, the duration of thoracic drainage tube indwelling, and the length of hospital stay were shorter than those in the control group. The VAS scores on the 2nd and 3rd postoperative days were lower in the study group than in the control group (P < .05). Medication compliance was higher in the study group compared to the control group (P < .05). Post-intervention, the PG-SGA scores in the study group were lower, while PA, ALB, and Hb levels were higher than those in the control group (P < .05). The MVV, FEV1, and FVC values were higher in the study group than in the control group after the intervention (P < .05). The PFS and mMRC scores were lower in the study group compared to the control group after the intervention, and the QLQ-C30 scores were higher (P < .05). The incidence of complications was 6.98% in the study group, which was not significantly different from 11.90% in the control group (P > .05).
CONCLUSION
The exercise-nutrition management model, based on the ERAS concept, exhibits significant perioperative effects in patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer, improving their nutritional status and reducing complications.
Topics: Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Enhanced Recovery After Surgery; Nutrition Therapy; Postoperative Period; Perioperative Period; Albumins
PubMed: 38608111
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037667 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... Apr 2024Acute myocardial infarction is the myocardial necrosis caused by acute and persistent ischemia and hypoxia of coronary arteries. It can be complicated with arrhythmia,...
BACKGROUND
Acute myocardial infarction is the myocardial necrosis caused by acute and persistent ischemia and hypoxia of coronary arteries. It can be complicated with arrhythmia, shock or heart failure, and often can endanger life. The disease is most common in Europe and the United States, where about 1.5 million heart attacks occur each year. China has shown a clear upward trend in recent years, with at least 500 000 new cases and at least 2 million new cases every year. Cardiac rehabilitation nursing is a kind of comprehensive nursing that aims to restore the body function of patients with myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the therapeutic effect of cardiac rehabilitation nursing in patients with myocardial infarction.
DESIGN
This was a case-control retrospective study.
SETTING
This study was conducted in the Department of Heart Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital.
PARTICIPANTS
86 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the Heart Center of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital from January 2019 to August 2022 were selected and randomly divided into observation and control groups, with 43 cases in each group. Patients aged from 40-79 years old and were confirmed to have acute myocardial infarction by examination and histopathological analysis.
INTERVENTIONS
The observation group was given cardiac rehabilitation nursing, including psychological nursing, rehabilitation training, cardiac rehabilitation training, diet and defecation care and health education, and the control group was assigned routine nursing.
PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES
(1) anxiety and depression were assessed by Zung's self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale (2) cardiac function was assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (3) 6-minute walk distance (4) incidence of complications (5) length of hospital stay (6) levels of inflammatory factors and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide concentration (7) incidence of arrhythmia.
RESULTS
After the intervention, there was still no significance in either group's left ventricular end-diastolic volume level [(72.24±8.47) vs (71.98±8.35)] (P = .473). However, the anxiety and depression scores [(42.10±5.17) and (44.01±4.53) vs (44.01±4.53) and (51.37±4.85)], complication rate (6.9% vs 16.2%), length of hospital stay [(18.66±7.03) vs (26.11±8.14)], inflammatory factor levels [(1.95±0.51) and (319.47±33.72) vs (2.71±0.45) and (451.07±39.54)], serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level [(2525.8±1236.5) vs (3064.4±859.0)], and incidence of arrhythmia (3 cases, 2 cases, 1 case and 1 case vs 5 cases, 6 cases, 8 cases and 7 vases) in the observation group were lower compared to the control group (P = .000, P = .002, P=0.023, P = .045, P = .032, P = .011, and P = .027). The left ventricular ejection fraction level and 6-minute walk distance of the observation group [(60.39±5.38) and (347.31±21.01) vs (54.97±6.24) and (320.24±21.71)] were better relative to the control group (P = .037 and P = .000).
CONCLUSION
For patients with myocardial infarction, the implementation of cardiac rehabilitation nursing can effectively alleviate the anxiety and depression of patients, decrease the incidence of complications as well as inflammatory factors levels, and further shorten the hospital stay of patients, with high safety. Our study provides a clinical reference for patients with myocardial infarction w who need nursing care.
PubMed: 38607218
DOI: No ID Found