-
Adicciones Oct 2016Editorial of vol 28-4.
Editorial of vol 28-4.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Gambling; Humans; Social Control, Formal; Spain
PubMed: 27749963
DOI: 10.20882/adicciones.886 -
Journal of Thoracic Disease Aug 2016A recent cohort study of Charbonney et al. indicates that multiple trauma patients develop endotoxemia also in the absence of Gram-negative infection. This is most...
A recent cohort study of Charbonney et al. indicates that multiple trauma patients develop endotoxemia also in the absence of Gram-negative infection. This is most probably due to an increase of gut permeability. Non-survivors as well as patients with cardiovascular dysfunction and multiple organ failure (MOF) show significantly higher endotoxin levels at 24 h after injury compared to survivors and patients without MOF. These results are like a déjà-vu from the nineties of the last century, where several studies reported endotoxemia during the initial 24 h after multiple trauma with development of MOF and death at endotoxin levels >10 and >12 pg/mL, respectively. Of interest, other multiple trauma patient studies in the nineties have shown endogenous anti-endotoxin antibody production in survivors and reduced antibody production in non-survivors, which died from MOF. Although all these studies have pointed towards a mechanistic role of endotoxin in the fatal outcome after multiple injuries, clinical anti-endotoxin studies are still lacking. Thus, the future perspective must be prospective randomized multicenter trials, which have to elucidate the capability of anti-endotoxin treatment strategies to improve outcome in multiple trauma patients.
PubMed: 27620806
DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.05.75 -
Indian Heart Journal 2016
Topics: Chronic Disease; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Occlusion; Coronary Vessels; Humans; India; Japan; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Stents
PubMed: 27543488
DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2016.05.008 -
PloS One 2016Déjà vu and tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) are retrieval-related subjective experiences whose study relies on participant self-report. In four experiments (ns = 224, 273, 123...
Déjà vu and tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) are retrieval-related subjective experiences whose study relies on participant self-report. In four experiments (ns = 224, 273, 123 and 154), we explored the effect of questioning method on reported occurrence of déjà vu and TOT in experimental settings. All participants carried out a continuous recognition task, which was not expected to induce déjà vu or TOT, but were asked about their experiences of these subjective states. When presented with contemporary definitions, between 32% and 58% of participants nonetheless reported experiencing déjà vu or TOT. Changing the definition of déjà vu or asking participants to bring to mind a real-life instance of déjà vu or TOT before completing the recognition task had no impact on reporting rates. However, there was an indication that changing the method of requesting subjective reports impacted reporting of both experiences. More specifically, moving from the commonly used retrospective questioning (e.g. "Have you experienced déjà vu?") to free report instructions (e.g. "Indicate whenever you experience déjà vu.") reduced the total number of reported déjà vu and TOT occurrences. We suggest that research on subjective experiences should move toward free report assessments. Such a shift would potentially reduce the presence of false alarms in experimental work, thereby reducing the overestimation of subjective experiences prevalent in this area of research.
Topics: Adult; Communication; Deja Vu; Female; Humans; Internet; Language; Male; Memory; Middle Aged; Recognition, Psychology; Reproducibility of Results; Research Design; Retrospective Studies; Self Report; Young Adult
PubMed: 27100292
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154334 -
Epilepsia Oct 2015Mutations in the DEPDC5 (DEP domain-containing protein 5) gene are a major cause of familial focal epilepsy with variable foci (FFEVF) and are predicted to account for...
Mutations in the DEPDC5 (DEP domain-containing protein 5) gene are a major cause of familial focal epilepsy with variable foci (FFEVF) and are predicted to account for 12-37% of families with inherited focal epilepsies. To assess the clinical impact of DEPDC5 mutations in familial temporal lobe epilepsy, we screened a collection of Italian families with either autosomal dominant lateral temporal epilepsy (ADLTE) or familial mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (FMTLE). The probands of 28 families classified as ADLTE and 17 families as FMTLE were screened for DEPDC5 mutations by whole exome or targeted massive parallel sequencing. Putative mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing. We identified a DEPDC5 nonsense mutation (c.918C>G; p.Tyr306*) in a family with two affected members, clinically classified as FMTLE. The proband had temporal lobe seizures with prominent psychic symptoms (déjà vu, derealization, and forced thoughts); her mother had temporal lobe seizures, mainly featuring visceral epigastric auras and anxiety. In total, we found a single DEPDC5 mutation in one of (2.2%) 45 families with genetic temporal lobe epilepsy, a proportion much lower than that reported in other inherited focal epilepsies.
Topics: Adult; DNA Mutational Analysis; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Family Health; Female; GTPase-Activating Proteins; Humans; Italy; Male; Mutation; Repressor Proteins
PubMed: 26216793
DOI: 10.1111/epi.13094 -
Journal of the American College of... Jul 2015
Topics: Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Ventricular Premature Complexes
PubMed: 26160627
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.05.031 -
The Gerontologist Apr 2015Continued growth in the number of individuals with dementia residing in assisted living (AL) raises concerns about their safety and protection. In this Forum, we review...
Continued growth in the number of individuals with dementia residing in assisted living (AL) raises concerns about their safety and protection. In this Forum, we review current AL practices relevant to residents with dementia and present a rationale for examining the government role in protecting these individuals within this context. Since public oversight of AL is currently a state prerogative, we assess states' regulatory activity across 3 domains closely related to safety and protection of persons with dementia: environmental features, staffing, and use of chemical restraints. We then step back to consider the state policymaking environment and assess the feasibility of developing a minimum standard of regulations from one state to the next. This Forum concludes with a historical comparison between the contemporary AL market and the nursing home care market prior to the Nursing Home Reform Act of 1987, and we discuss how an increased amount of federal interest could improve existing state efforts to protect persons with dementia residing in AL.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Assisted Living Facilities; Deja Vu; Dementia; Health Care Reform; Health Policy; Homes for the Aged; Humans; Nursing Homes; Quality of Health Care; Quality of Life
PubMed: 26035596
DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnu179 -
Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the... May 2015
Topics: Biotechnology; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Translational Research, Biomedical
PubMed: 25943491
DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.51 -
Schizophrenia Bulletin Jan 2016Abnormal time experience (ATE) in schizophrenia is a long-standing theme of phenomenological psychopathology. This is because temporality constitutes the bedrock of any...
Abnormal time experience (ATE) in schizophrenia is a long-standing theme of phenomenological psychopathology. This is because temporality constitutes the bedrock of any experience and its integrity is fundamental for the sense of coherence and continuity of selfhood and personal identity. To characterize ATE in schizophrenia patients as compared to major depressives we interviewed, in a clinical setting over a period of 15 years, 550 consecutive patients affected by schizophrenic and affective disorders. Clinical files were analyzed by means of Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR), an inductive method suited to research that requires rich descriptions of inner experiences. Of the whole sample, 109 persons affected by schizophrenic (n = 95 acute, n = 14 chronic) and 37 by major depression reported at least 1 ATE. ATE are more represented in acute (N = 109 out of 198; 55%) than in chronic schizophrenic patients (N = 14 out of 103; 13%). The main feature of ATE in people with schizophrenia is the fragmentation of time experience (71 out of 109 patients), an impairment of the automatic and prereflexive synthesis of primal impression-retention-protention. This includes 4 subcategories: disruption of time flowing, déjà vu/vecu, premonitions about oneself and the external world. We contrasted ATE in schizophrenia and in major depression, finding relevant differences: in major depressives there is no disarticulation of time experience, rather timelessness because time lacks duration, not articulation. These core features of the schizophrenic pheno-phenotype may be related to self-disorders and to the manifold of characteristic schizophrenic symptoms, including so called bizarre delusions and verbal-acoustic hallucinations.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Deja Vu; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Perceptual Distortion; Qualitative Research; Retrospective Studies; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Psychology; Self Concept; Sense of Coherence; Time Perception; Young Adult
PubMed: 25943123
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv052 -
HeartRhythm Case Reports Jul 2015
PubMed: 28491560
DOI: 10.1016/j.hrcr.2015.03.022