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Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative illness and has the highest increase rate in recent years. There is growing evidence to suggest that...
BACKGROUND
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative illness and has the highest increase rate in recent years. There is growing evidence to suggest that PD is linked to higher osteoporosis rates and risk of fractures.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with osteoporosis as defined by the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) and World Health Organization in patients with mild to moderate PD.
METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional study at a tertiary public hospital in Fortaleza, Brazil, dating from May 2021 until April 2022. The study sample was comprised of patients with mild to moderate PD who were at least 40 years old and who had the ability to walk and stand unassisted. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of both the hip (neck of the femur) and the lumbar spine were obtained via properly calibrated Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scanning. The FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment Tool) score was used to determine a person's 10-year risk of major osteoporotic fracture. The Revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP 2) was used as a basis to confirm a sarcopenia diagnosis with the following parameters: low muscle strength gauged by handgrip strength and low muscle quantity by DXA. Physical performance was carefully evaluated by using the Short Physical Performance Battery test. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were diagnosed following the NOF guidelines and WHO recommendations.
RESULTS
We evaluated 107 patients in total, of whom 45 (42%) were women. The group's mean age was 68 ± 9 years, and the mean disease time span was 9.9 ± 6.0 years and mean motor UPDRS was 43 ± 15. We found that 42.1% and 34.6% of the sample had osteopenia and osteoporosis following NOF criteria, respectively, and 43% and 33.6% following the WHO recommendations. Lower lean appendicular mass was associated to osteopenia and osteoporosis in multinomial logistic regression analysis in both diagnostic criteria.
CONCLUSION
Our findings provide additional evidence for the protective role of lean mass against osteoporosis in patients with PD.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Male; Brazil; Parkinson Disease; Osteoporosis; Aged; Middle Aged; Bone Density; Tertiary Care Centers; Absorptiometry, Photon; Prevalence; Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Risk Factors; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38711983
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1326212 -
PloS One 2024Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acid (FAHFA) are anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory lipokines. Recently FAHFAs were also found to predict cardiorespiratory fitness...
Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acid (FAHFA) are anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory lipokines. Recently FAHFAs were also found to predict cardiorespiratory fitness in a cross-sectional study of recreationally trained runners. Here we report the influences of body composition and gender on static FAHFA abundances in circulation. We compared the association between circulating FAHFA concentrations and body composition, determined by dual x-ray absorptiometry, in female recreational runners who were lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2, n = 6), to those who were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, n = 7). To characterize the effect of gender we also compared circulating FAHFAs in lean male recreational runners (n = 8) to recreationally trained lean female (n = 6) runner group. Circulating FAHFAs were increased in females in a manner that was modulated by specific adipose depot sizes, blood glucose, and lean body mass. As expected, circulating FAHFAs were diminished in the overweight group, but strikingly, within the lean cohort, increases in circulating FAHFAs were promoted by increased fat mass, relative to lean mass, while the overweight group showed a significantly attenuated relationship. These studies suggest multimodal regulation of circulating FAHFAs and raise hypotheses to test endogenous FAHFA dynamic sources and sinks in health and disease, which will be essential for therapeutic target development. Baseline circulating FAHFA concentrations could signal sub-clinical metabolic dysfunction in metabolically healthy obesity.
Topics: Humans; Female; Running; Male; Adult; Body Composition; Fatty Acids; Sex Factors; Overweight; Absorptiometry, Photon; Cross-Sectional Studies; Body Mass Index; Sex Characteristics
PubMed: 38709787
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300037 -
PloS One 2024Body Adiposity Index (BAI), which relies on an individual's hip circumference and height, was proposed as an alternative anthropometric measurement to Body Mass Index...
Body Adiposity Index (BAI), which relies on an individual's hip circumference and height, was proposed as an alternative anthropometric measurement to Body Mass Index (BMI). Although this measure has been validated across different populations, its accuracy in predicting percent body fat (%BF) in the United Arab Emirates has not yet been assessed. The objective of this study was to examine the association between BAI, BMI, Waist Circumference (WC), and %BF in young female Emirati adults and determine the relative accuracy of BAI when predicting %BF. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 Emirati women between the ages of 17 and 27. The %BF was measured using the dual-energy X-ray absorption (DXA) scanner. Anthropometric measurements were collected, and BMI and BAI were calculated. BMI and %BF (r = 0.823, p <0.001) showed a greater association than that between BAI and %BF (r = 0.702, p <0.001). A linear regression analysis revealed that BMI was the single best predictor of %BF in the sample (r2 = 0.678, p<0.001). The variation around the regression line for BAI comparisons with %BF (standard error of estimate = 4.879) was greater than BMI comparisons (standard error of estimate = 3.889). BAI was found to significantly underestimate %BF at higher adiposity levels (mean difference = 8.7%). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that BMI had a higher discriminatory capacity (AUC = 0.891) over WC and BAI. The results demonstrated that BMI was a better predictor of %BF in the sample than BAI and WC. Thus, BMI may be more useful in assessing adiposity in young female Emirati adults than BAI. However, the potential of BAI as an alternative measure of adiposity should continue to be examined.
Topics: Humans; Female; Body Mass Index; Waist Circumference; Adiposity; Adult; Young Adult; United Arab Emirates; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adolescent; Adipose Tissue; Retrospective Studies; Absorptiometry, Photon
PubMed: 38709754
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302779 -
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Jun 2024Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is often detected in health examinations. However, although individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD) may have...
Risk factors for decreased bone mineral density in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A cross-sectional study at a health examination center.
BACKGROUND & AIMS
Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is often detected in health examinations. However, although individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD) may have decreased bone mineral density (BMD), the specific risk factors remain unclarified. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with decreased BMD in patients with MASLD.
METHODS
Individuals who underwent abdominal ultrasonography and BMD measurements at our healthcare center were included. The BMD of the calcaneus was assessed using an AOS-10SA bone densitometer. Decreased BMD was defined as a T-score below -1.0 SD or the administration of osteoporosis treatment. SLD was diagnosed based on specific ultrasonographic criteria.
RESULTS
A total of 1410 patients were diagnosed with MASLD. The median age was 52 years. Multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model revealed that the independent predictors of decreased BMD were a low body mass index (BMI) or a small waist circumference (odds ratio (OR): 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34-0.67), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.00-1.65), and a weak grip strength (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97-1.00). Subgroup analyses of individuals aged 50 years or older, men, and individuals with a FIB-4 index of 1.3 or greater revealed that the absence of a high BMI or a large waist circumference was associated with decreased BMD. The subgroup analysis of men revealed that a weaker grip strength was associated with decreased BMD.
CONCLUSION
The present study suggested several potential risk factors for decreased BMD in patients with MASLD. Individuals with the abovementioned risk factors should be encouraged to undergo BMD measurement from the perspective of preventive medicine.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Risk Factors; Bone Density; Body Mass Index; Fatty Liver; Adult; Aged; Osteoporosis; Waist Circumference; Ultrasonography; Hypertriglyceridemia; Hand Strength; Absorptiometry, Photon
PubMed: 38703510
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.034 -
BMC Chemistry May 2024The simultaneous assay of duloxetine hydrochloride (DLX) and avanafil (AVN) in their pure forms, synthetic mixtures, and spiked human plasma was achieved using a novel,...
Simultaneous measurement of duloxetine hydrochloride and avanafil at dual-wavelength using novel ecologically friendly TLC-densitometric method: application to synthetic mixture and spiked human plasma with evaluation of greenness and blueness.
The simultaneous assay of duloxetine hydrochloride (DLX) and avanafil (AVN) in their pure forms, synthetic mixtures, and spiked human plasma was achieved using a novel, eco-friendly, sensitive, and specific HPTLC methodology that have been established and validated. Measuring the levels of co-administered antidepressants and sexual stimulants in biological fluids is an important step for individuals with depression and sexual problems. Separation was performed successfully using pre-coated silica gel 60-F254 as a stationary phase and a mobile phase composed of methanol, acetone, and 33% ammonia (8:2:0.05, v/v/v). Compact bands were produced by the optimized mobile phase that was chosen for development (Rf values were 0.23 and 0.75 for DLX and AVN, individually) after dual-wavelength detection for DLX and AVN at 232 and 253 nm, respectively. The results of polynomial regression analysis were exceptional (r = 0.9999 for both medicines) over concentration ranges of 5-800 and 10-800ng/spot for DLX and AVN, respectively. The quantitation limits were 4.69 and 9.53 ng/spot (0.31 and 0.94 µg/mL), whereas the detection limits were 1.55 and 3.15 ng/spot (0.63 and 1.91 µg/mL), for DLX and AVN, respectively. The International Council for Harmonization (ICH) criteria served as the basis for validating the established approach. Moreover, the proposed technique was evaluated in terms of greenness using four contemporary ecological metrics: The Analytical Greenness software (AGREE), the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Eco-Scale, and the National Environmental Method Index (NEMI). Additionally, the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI), a newly developed tool for evaluating the practicality (blueness) of procedures, was taken into consideration when evaluating the sustainability levels of the established approach.
PubMed: 38702832
DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01195-2 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders May 2024Although it is generally believed that the femoral neck fracture is related to the femoral neck geometric parameters (FNGPs), the association between the risk of...
BACKGROUND
Although it is generally believed that the femoral neck fracture is related to the femoral neck geometric parameters (FNGPs), the association between the risk of osteoporotic fracture of the femoral neck and FNGPs in native Chinese women is still unclear.
METHODS
A total of 374 female patients (mean age 70.2 ± 9.32 years) with osteoporotic fracture of the femoral neck, and 374 non-fracture control groups were completely matched with the case group according to the age ratio of 1:1. Using DXA bone densitometer to measured eight FNGPs: the outer diameter (OD), cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), endocortical diameter (ED), buckling ratio (BR), section modulus (SM), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), and compressive strength index (CSI) at the narrowest point of the femoral neck.
RESULTS
Compared with the control group, the average values of OD (2.9%), ED (4.5%), and BR (26.1%) in the patient group significantly increased (p = 0.015 to < 0.001), while CSA (‒15.3%), CT (‒18.2%), SM (‒10.3%), CSMI (‒6.4%), and CSI (‒10.8%) significantly decreased (all p < 0.001). The prevalence of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip was, respectively, 82%, 81%, and 65% in fracture patients. Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that in the age adjusted model, the fracture hazard ratio (HR) of CSA, CT, BR, SM, and CSI significantly increased (HRs = 1.60‒8.33; 95% CI = 1.08‒16.6; all p < 0.001). In the model adjusted for age and femoral neck BMD, HRs of CT (HRs = 3.90‒8.03; 95% CI = 2.45‒15.1; all p < 0.001) and BR (HRs = 1.62‒2.60; 95% CI = 1.20‒5.44; all p < 0.001) were still significantly increased.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that the majority of osteoporotic fractures of the femoral neck of native Chinese women occur in patients with osteoporosis. CT thinning or BR increase of FNGPs may be independent predictors of fragility fracture of femoral neck in native Chinese women unrelated to BMD.
Topics: Humans; Female; Osteoporotic Fractures; Femoral Neck Fractures; Aged; Femur Neck; Middle Aged; China; Bone Density; Absorptiometry, Photon; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Asian People; Risk Factors; East Asian People
PubMed: 38702706
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07483-1 -
BMC Psychiatry May 2024The findings from previous epidemiological studies of the association between regional body fat and depressive symptoms have been unclear. We aimed to determine the...
AIMS
The findings from previous epidemiological studies of the association between regional body fat and depressive symptoms have been unclear. We aimed to determine the association between the body fat in different regions and depressive symptoms based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
METHODS
This study included 3393 participants aged ≥ 20 years from the NHANES performed during 2011-2018. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The fat mass (FM) was measured in different regions using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to determine the total FM, trunk FM, arm FM, and leg FM. The FM index (FMI) was obtained by dividing the FM in kilograms by the square of the body height in meters. Weighted data were calculated in accordance with analytical guidelines. Linear logistic regression models were used to quantify the association between regional FMI and depressive symptoms. Univariate and stratified analyses were also performed.
RESULTS
The participants in this study comprised 2066 males and 1327 females. There were 404 (11.91%) participants with depressive symptoms, who were aged 40.89 ± 11.74 years and had a body mass index of 30.07 ± 7.82 kg/m². A significant association was found between total FMI and depressive symptoms. In the fully adjusted multivariate regression model, a higher total FMI (odds ratio = 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08-4.39) was related to a higher risk of depressive symptoms, while increased total FMI (β = 1.55, 95% CI = 0.65-2.44, p = 0.001), trunk FMI (β = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.04-1.10, p = 0.036), and arm FMI (β = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.33-1.59, p = 0.004) were significantly associated with PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) scores, whereas the leg FMI was not (p = 0.102). The weighted association between total FMI and depressive symptoms did not differ significantly between most of the subpopulations (all p values for interaction > 0.05). The risk of having depression was higher in individuals who were non-Hispanic Whites, smokers, drinkers, obese, and had diabetes and thyroid problems (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that the population with a higher regional FMI is more likely to have depressive symptoms, especially in those who also have an increased total FMI. The association is more pronounced in individuals who are smokers, drinkers, obese, and have diabetes and thyroid problems.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Adult; Nutrition Surveys; Middle Aged; Absorptiometry, Photon; Adipose Tissue; Body Mass Index
PubMed: 38702637
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05782-4 -
The Journal of International Medical... May 2024To identify patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with no history of fracture or osteoporosis treatment who are at risk of bone complications through the...
OBJECTIVE
To identify patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with no history of fracture or osteoporosis treatment who are at risk of bone complications through the assessment of bone quality and quantity.
METHODS
Of the outpatients attending our clinic during 2021 to 2022, we retrospectively enrolled 137 (men/women: 85/52, median age: 65 years) consecutive patients aged ≥40 years who had T2DM but no history of fracture or osteoporosis treatment. The lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density and the trabecular bone score were determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Independent factors associated with bone disease were identified using logistic regression analysis, and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated.
RESULTS
Age and female sex were significantly associated with high ORs for development of bone disease. The integrated risk of bone complications was nearly 40-fold higher in older (≥65 years) women than in younger (<65 years) men. This difference remained after adjustment for the duration of T2DM, body mass index, and HbA1c level.
CONCLUSIONS
Older women have the highest risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis among patients with T2DM who have no history of fracture or osteoporosis treatment. These patients should undergo intensive monitoring for bone fragility from an early stage of their disease.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Male; Female; Aged; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis; Bone Density; Sex Factors; Retrospective Studies; Age Factors; Absorptiometry, Photon; Risk Factors; Osteoporotic Fractures; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Lumbar Vertebrae; Femur Neck; Body Mass Index
PubMed: 38698517
DOI: 10.1177/03000605241246743 -
Archives of Osteoporosis May 2024We present comprehensive guidelines for osteoporosis management in Qatar. Formulated by the Qatar Osteoporosis Association, the guidelines recommend the age-dependent...
UNLABELLED
We present comprehensive guidelines for osteoporosis management in Qatar. Formulated by the Qatar Osteoporosis Association, the guidelines recommend the age-dependent Qatar fracture risk assessment tool for screening, emphasizing risk-based treatment strategies and discouraging routine dual-energy X-ray scans. They offer a vital resource for physicians managing osteoporosis and fragility fractures nationwide.
PURPOSE
Osteoporosis and related fragility fractures are a growing public health issue with an impact on individuals and the healthcare system. We aimed to present guidelines providing unified guidance to all healthcare professionals in Qatar regarding the management of osteoporosis.
METHODS
The Qatar Osteoporosis Association formulated guidelines for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and men above the age of 50. A panel of six local rheumatologists who are experts in the field of osteoporosis met together and conducted an extensive review of published articles and local and international guidelines to formulate guidance for the screening and management of postmenopausal women and men older than 50 years in Qatar.
RESULTS
The guidelines emphasize the use of the age-dependent hybrid model of the Qatar fracture risk assessment tool for screening osteoporosis and risk categorization. The guidelines include screening, risk stratification, investigations, treatment, and monitoring of patients with osteoporosis. The use of a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan without any risk factors is discouraged. Treatment options are recommended based on risk stratification.
CONCLUSION
Guidance is provided to all physicians across the country who are involved in the care of patients with osteoporosis and fragility fractures.
Topics: Humans; Female; Qatar; Risk Assessment; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoporotic Fractures; Aged; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Absorptiometry, Photon; Osteoporosis; Bone Density; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 38698101
DOI: 10.1007/s11657-024-01389-0 -
Journal of the American Heart... May 2024Skeletal muscle wasting is critical in patients with heart failure (HF). Whereas prior studies have employed appendicular lean mass (ALM) normalized by height squared to...
BACKGROUND
Skeletal muscle wasting is critical in patients with heart failure (HF). Whereas prior studies have employed appendicular lean mass (ALM) normalized by height squared to identify low skeletal muscle mass, the potential of ALM normalized to body mass index (ALM/BMI) remains unexplored in patients with HF. In this study, we compared the use of 2 skeletal muscle mass indices in patients with HF to examine their sex-specific correlations with measures of physical capacity, quality of life, and daily physical activity.
METHODS AND RESULTS
A total of 111 patients with HF underwent dual x-ray absorptiometry, physical capacity tests, and accelerometry and answered a quality-of-life questionnaire. ALM normalized by height squared and ALM/BMI indices disagreed in classifying low muscle mass (Cohen's κ, -0.008 [95% CI, -0.094 to 0.177]; =0.93). ALM/BMI correlated well with 6-minute walking distance in women and men (=0.67 and 0.49; <0.001), with maximal oxygen uptake in women and men (=0.41 and 0.48; <0.05), and with maximal muscle strength in women and men (=0.54 and 0.43; <0.01). Inversely, ALM normalized by height squared did not correlate significantly with 6-minute walking distance or maximal oxygen uptake and correlated with maximal muscle strength only in men (=0.43; <0.001). Only ALM/BMI allowed for identification of a low-muscle-mass group characterized by poor quality of life (Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire score of 33±21 versus 25±16; =0.027) and less daily time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (8 [3-17] versus 15 [9-37] minutes; <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
ALM/BMI was superior for identifying clinically significant muscle dysfunction in both female and male patients with HF.
Topics: Humans; Heart Failure; Male; Female; Body Mass Index; Muscle, Skeletal; Quality of Life; Middle Aged; Aged; Absorptiometry, Photon; Exercise Tolerance; Walk Test; Body Composition; Sex Factors; Muscle Strength; Surveys and Questionnaires; Accelerometry; Exercise; Sarcopenia
PubMed: 38686857
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.123.033571