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Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022Adequate internal adaptation and marginal sealing of resin luting cements are of particular importance for the success of cemented ceramic inlays. The purpose of this...
Adequate internal adaptation and marginal sealing of resin luting cements are of particular importance for the success of cemented ceramic inlays. The purpose of this study was to investigate the initial adaptation of different resin cements at the tooth-inlay restoration interface at enamel versus dentin surfaces. Thirty-two extracted human molars were allocated to four groups. One Class II cavity was prepared in each tooth. In each group, half of the cavities’ gingival floors were on enamel while the other halves were on cementum. Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM inlays were luted to the cavities using the following adhesive systems: RelyX Unicem, RelyX Ultimate, eCement, and Variolink Esthetic DC. After staining teeth with silver nitrate solution, marginal and internal gap volumes were determined using micro-CT images. Statistical analyses were conducted by independent t test and one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey test (p < 0.05). The internal and marginal gap volume values were the highest for Variolink Esthetic DC at the dentin surface (0.629 ± 0.363) and (2.519 ± 1.007), respectively, and the lowest for RelyX Unicem at the enamel surface (0.005 ± 0.004) and (0.009 ± 0.003), respectively. The internal and marginal adaptation on the enamel surface for RelyX Unicem and RelyX Ultimate resin cements were comparable to each other and to eCement but significantly better than Variolink Esthetic DC cement. Regardless of the adhesive resin system used, adaptation on enamel is superior to that on dentin surfaces.
PubMed: 36079545
DOI: 10.3390/ma15176161 -
BMC Oral Health Sep 2022This study aims to evaluate the association between smoking habits and dental care utilization and cost in individuals registered with the Japan Health Insurance...
BACKGROUND
This study aims to evaluate the association between smoking habits and dental care utilization and cost in individuals registered with the Japan Health Insurance Association, Osaka branch.
METHODS
We used the administrative claims database and specific medical check-up data and included 226,359 participants, who visited dental institutions, underwent dental examinations, and underwent specific medical checkups, with smoking data from April 2016 to March 2017. We calculated propensity scores with age, gender, exercise, eating habits, alcohol intake, and sleep. We also compared dental care utilization with the total cost of each procedure.
RESULTS
According to propensity score matching, 62,692 participants were selected for each group. Compared to non-smokers, smokers were younger, and a higher proportion were men. Smokers tended to skip breakfast, have dinner just before bed, and drink alcohol. After adjusting for potential confounding factors with propensity score matching, the mean annual dental cost among smokers was significantly higher than non-smokers. The prevalence of pulpitis, missing teeth, and apical periodontitis were higher among smokers than non-smokers, while inlay detachment, caries, and dentine hypersensitivity were higher among non-smokers.
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that smokers have higher dental cost consisted of progressive dental caries, missing teeth, and uncontrolled acute inflammation that necessitated the use of medications. It is suggested that smokers tend to visit the dentist after their symptoms become severe.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Dental Care; Dental Caries; Female; Humans; Male; Smokers; Smoking
PubMed: 36056338
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02397-7 -
Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Aug 2022The role of hard-type crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) with particulate bone substitutes in bone regeneration for combined inlay-onlay grafts has not been fully...
PURPOSE
The role of hard-type crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) with particulate bone substitutes in bone regeneration for combined inlay-onlay grafts has not been fully investigated. We aimed to evaluate the effect of hard-type crosslinked HA used with bone substitute in terms of new bone formation and space maintenance.
METHODS
A 15-mm-diameter round defect was formed in the calvaria of 30 New Zealand White rabbits. All animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: the control group (spontaneous healing without material, n=10), the biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) graft group (BCP, n=10), and the BCP graft with HA group (BCP/HA, n=10). The animals were evaluated 4 and 12 weeks after surgery. Half of the animals from each group were sacrificed at 4 and 12 weeks after surgery. Samples were evaluated using micro-computed tomography, histology, and histomorphometry.
RESULTS
The BCP group showed higher bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) values than the control and BCP/HA groups at both 4 and 12 weeks. The BCP and BCP/HA groups showed higher bone surface/tissue volume (BS/TV) values than the control group at both 4 and 12 weeks. The BCP group showed higher BS/TV values than the control and BCP/HA groups at both 4 and 12 weeks. No statistically significant difference in newly formed bone was found among the 3 groups at 4 weeks. The BCP group showed significantly higher new bone formation than the BCP/HA group at 12 weeks.
CONCLUSIONS
Hard-type crosslinked HA did not show a positive effect on new bone formation and space maintenance. The negative effect of hard-type crosslinked HA may be due to the physical properties of HA that impede osteogenic potential.
PubMed: 36047584
DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2104700235 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2022Presbyopia may represent the largest segment of refractive errors that is without an established and effective refractive surgery treatment. Corneal Inlays are materials... (Review)
Review
Presbyopia may represent the largest segment of refractive errors that is without an established and effective refractive surgery treatment. Corneal Inlays are materials (synthetic or allogenic) implanted in the stroma of patients' corneas to improve presbyopia. These inlays, introduced into the United States in 2015 via the small-aperture corneal inlay (KAMRA, SightLife Surgical/CorneaGen, Seattle, Washington, United States), were met with an initial wave of enthusiasm. Subsequent models like the shape-changing corneal inlay (RAINDROP, Revision Optics, Lake Forest, California, United States) offered excellent results for patients, but longer-term research raised questions about patient safety. At the time of this article, no synthetic corneal inlays are available in the United States for the correction of presbyopia. Other options for presbyopia correction include allograft corneal inlays, trifocal synthetic corneal inlays, pharmacologic therapies, scleral incisions or additive techniques and PresbyLASIK. Presently, allograft inlays consist of corneal lenticules removed from patients undergoing Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE). We will review corneal inlays and other alternative procedures that may provide effective and predictable treatments for patients with presbyopia.
PubMed: 36042913
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S375577 -
International Urogynecology Journal Jan 2023Our aim was to compare the mid-term results of native tissue, biological xenograft and polypropylene mesh surgery for women with vaginal wall prolapse. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS
Our aim was to compare the mid-term results of native tissue, biological xenograft and polypropylene mesh surgery for women with vaginal wall prolapse.
METHODS
A total of 1348 women undergoing primary transvaginal repair of an anterior and/or posterior prolapse were recruited between January 2010 and August 2013 from 35 UK centres. They were randomised by remote allocation to native tissue surgery, biological xenograft or polypropylene mesh. We performed both 4- and 6-year follow-up using validated patient-reported outcome measures.
RESULTS
At 4 and 6 years post-operation, there was no clinically important difference in Pelvic Organ Prolapse Symptom Score for any of the treatments. Using a strict composite outcome to assess functional cure at 6 years, we found no difference in cure among the three types of surgery. Half the women were cured at 6 years but only 10.3 to 12% of women had undergone further surgery for prolapse. However, 8.4% of women in the mesh group had undergone further surgery for mesh complications. There was no difference in the incidence of chronic pain or dyspareunia between groups.
CONCLUSIONS
At the mid-term outcome of 6 years, there is no benefit from augmenting primary prolapse repairs with polypropylene mesh inlays or biological xenografts. There was no evidence that polypropylene mesh inlays caused greater pain or dyspareunia than native tissue repairs.
Topics: Humans; Female; Uterine Prolapse; Follow-Up Studies; Dyspareunia; Polypropylenes; Surgical Mesh; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Pelvic Organ Prolapse; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 36018353
DOI: 10.1007/s00192-022-05308-0 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Aug 2022Research and awareness on refractive solutions for presbyopia, commonly known as the "Curse of the 40's," is essential as a large population in the world suffer from...
BACKGROUND
Research and awareness on refractive solutions for presbyopia, commonly known as the "Curse of the 40's," is essential as a large population in the world suffer from vision impairments. Population-based surveys have shown that one billion people in the world are in presbyopic age.
PURPOSE
Many structural and physiological changes occur in the eye with the onset of presbyopia, including the decrease in amplitude of accommodation. At present, various static and dynamic techniques have been attempted to give presbyopes good vision at near-, intermediate-, and far-viewing distances. The aim of the video is to familiarize the modern-day ophthalmologists to these modalities.
SYNOPSIS
In this video, we tried to summarize the indications and contraindications of presbyopic laser. Preoperative investigations like dominance testing and micro monovision testing are described. The role of neuroadaptation and patient counselling is emphasized. Static techniques described in the video include spectacles, contact lenses, surgical options like corneal inlays and onlays, corneal laser ablation, conductive keratoplasty, corneal implant lenses, INTRACOR and IOLs. Dynamic presbyopia correction (accommodative) is always surgical. This is split into lenticular (accommodating IOLs, piggyback, lens refilling, lentotomy) and scleral treatment (laser-assisted presbyopia reversal and scleral expansion bands).
HIGHLIGHTS
The types of corneal laser ablation, which is otherwise very confusing, is elaborated in a step-wise manner here. The difference in approach of PresbyLasik (Nidek), Presbyond (Zeiss) - Laser Blended Vision, PresbyMax (Schwind), INTRACOR (Technolas) are explained with examples. Each approach has its pros and cons. Our challenge as a surgeon is to identify the best combination for the patient. This video illustrates the treatment options which can help break the curse of presbyopia.
ONLINE VIDEO LINK
https://youtu.be/rTxMIqMrgaw.
Topics: Accommodation, Ocular; Contact Lenses; Eyeglasses; Humans; Presbyopia; Vision Tests
PubMed: 35919011
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1086_22 -
Journal of Prosthodontic Research Apr 2023To evaluate the fracture behavior of inlay-retained fixed partial dentures (IRFPDs) made of experimental short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC) computer-aided...
PURPOSE
To evaluate the fracture behavior of inlay-retained fixed partial dentures (IRFPDs) made of experimental short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC) computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) block before and after cyclic fatigue aging.
METHODS
Five groups (n=20/group) of three-unit posterior IRFPDs were fabricated. The first and second groups were CAD/CAM fabricated from experimental SFRC blocks or lithium-disilicate (IPS e.max CAD, IVOCLAR) materials, the third group comprised a three-dimensional-printed composite (Temp PRINT, GC), and the fourth and fifth groups comprised conventional laboratory flowable composite (Gradia Plus, GC) and commercial flowable SFRC (everX Flow, GC), respectively. All IRFPDs were luted into a metal jig with adhesive dual-cure resin cement (RelyX Ultimate, 3M ESPE). Half the IRFPDs per group (n=10) were subjected to fatigue aging for 10,000 cycles. The remaining half were statically loaded until fracture without fatigue aging. The load was applied vertically between triangular ridges of the buccal and lingual cusps. The fracture mode was visually examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Data were statistically analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's HSD test.
RESULTS
ANOVA revealed that IRFPDs made of experimental SFRC CAD/CAM had the highest (P<0.05) load-bearing capacity before (2624±463 N) and after (2775±297 N) aging among all groups. Cyclic fatigue aging decreased the load-bearing capacity (P>0.05) of all tested prostheses, except for the experimental SFRC CAD/CAM and conventional laboratory composite IRFPDs (P>0.05). SEM images showed the ability of discontinuous short fibers in the experimental SFRC CAD/CAM composite to redirect and hinder crack propagation.
CONCLUSIONS
CAD/CAM-fabricated IRFPDs made of experimental SFRC blocks showed promising performance in clinical testing in terms of fracture behavior.
Topics: Inlays; Crowns; Materials Testing; Composite Resins; Denture, Partial, Fixed; Computer-Aided Design; Dental Stress Analysis; Ceramics; Dental Restoration Failure
PubMed: 35896342
DOI: 10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_22_00050 -
Polymers Jul 2022Poor oral hygiene leads to serious damages of theteeth's surface enamel such as micro-abrasions and acid erosion. These alterations combined with bacterial plaque result...
Poor oral hygiene leads to serious damages of theteeth's surface enamel such as micro-abrasions and acid erosion. These alterations combined with bacterial plaque result in cavity appearance. Prophylactic measures include various techniques for enamel surface restoration. Fluorination is one of the most important treatments for this purpose. Therefore, in the present research, we investigated the classical fluorination treatment compared with laser photodynamic fluorination performed on human enamel samples with poor surface quality. Three sample groups were investigated: veneer (F), inlay (I), and crowns (C). The general morphologic aspect was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the specific details such as the fine microstructure and nanostructure were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) of the surface roughness. The samples were also investigated by Fourier transformed infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) to evidence the fluorination effect on the enamel surface. Results showed that all initial samples had an altered state with micro-abrasions and erosion with mineral loss, which increase the surface roughness. The F group was the most damaged, having a higher roughness, and the I group was less damaged. Classic fluorination treatment partially restored the enamel by local re-mineralization, but did not obtain the parameters of healthy enamel. However, a significant decrease of the roughness was observed (statistical relevance = 0.001 with the Breusch-Pagan Test). This fact was supported by the presence of newly formed fluorides in the FTIR-ATR spectra. The photodynamic laser fluorination restores the enamel in an enhanced manner by a strong re-mineralization, which implies a significant roughness value decrease comparable to healthy enamel. The Breusch-Pagan Test confirmed the relevance with = 0.001. This is due to an extended re-mineralization abundant in fluoride crystals as observed by AFM and FTIR. Statistical -values regarding laser application were in the range of 0.02-0.06, supporting its relevance in the fluorination effect. The final conclusion is that the photodynamic effect is able to favor the newly formed fluoride deposition onto the affected sites of the enamel surface.
PubMed: 35890745
DOI: 10.3390/polym14142969 -
Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD 2022The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of inlay preparations restored with indirect lab composite, conventional and translucent...
AIM
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of inlay preparations restored with indirect lab composite, conventional and translucent monolithic zirconia-based ceramics.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fifty freshly extracted human maxillary premolars were selected for the study. Standardized inlay cavities were prepared and restored with indirect lab composite, conventional monolithic zirconia-based ceramic and translucent monolithic zirconia-based ceramic. After restoration each sample was subjected to axial compressive load with Universal testing machine. The force required to induce fracture was recorded in Newton (N).
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
The data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test and Bonferroni multiple comparison test.
RESULTS
Results revealed that fracture resistance of prepared inlay cavities restored with conventional monolithic zirconia-based ceramics was found to be best followed by other groups. Group I > Group IV > Group V > Group III > Group II.
CONCLUSION
The fracture resistance of conventional monolithic zirconia-based ceramic inlays and translucent monolithic zirconia-based ceramic inlays were comparable with intact teeth but, indirect lab composite inlays showed lower fracture resistance than all.
PubMed: 35836565
DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_261_21 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... Aug 2022The loss of the dental coronal portion following carious lesions or fractures leads to endodontic treatment with subsequent restoration to ensure correct anatomy and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The loss of the dental coronal portion following carious lesions or fractures leads to endodontic treatment with subsequent restoration to ensure correct anatomy and function. Recently, partial adhesive restorations have been widely proposed to increase the survival rate of endodontically treated teeth. The primary purpose of this review is to assess the failure rate of indirect partial adhesive restorations on endodontically treated teeth (ETT), considering the follow-up period.
METHODS
The indications reported in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) were used to draft the present review. The study was constructed on PICO questions: population (patients who need indirect adhesive restorative treatment on endodontically treated teeth with onlay and overlay), intervention (onlay and overlay), control (patients with onlay and overlay on endodontically treated teeth) and outcome (failure rate and types of failure for onlay and overlay). The asked scientific question was: what are the failure rate and types of failure for adhesive indirect partial restorations on ETT?
RESULTS
The overall failure rate that emerges is 0.087 with a ratio of 121/1254, I 80 % p-value< 0.001. Moreover, by meta-regression with covariates the follow-up period reports a coefficient of 0.013 with a P-value< 0.001. In conclusion, the indirect partial restorations on endodontically treated teeth displayed overall acceptable outcomes in terms of success from 2 to 4 years after their placement with only 4.32 % of failure. Failures increase after 7 years up to 12-30 years with failure rates of approximatively 10.65 % and 20.94 %. The analysis of the included articles reporting the causes of restorations failures showed that 15.51 % of cases were related to the loss of dental element.
SIGNIFICANCE
Besides the survival rates of indirect adhesive restorations on endodontically treated posterior teeth, it was highlighted that the majority of failures appeared restorable. Thus, partial restorations seemed able to prevent the ETT tooth loss.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Humans; Inlays; Prognosis; Tooth, Nonvital
PubMed: 35835608
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.06.018