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Cancer Imaging : the Official... May 2024This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [F]FDG PET/CT imaging for primary lesions and metastatic lymph nodes in patients with... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [F]FDG PET/CT imaging for primary lesions and metastatic lymph nodes in patients with tonsil cancer.
METHOD
Twenty-one tonsil cancer patients who underwent [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [F]FDG PET/CT scans within two weeks in our centre were retrospectively enrolled. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) of the two tracers were compared by using the Mann‒Whitney U test. In addition, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the two methods for diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes were analysed.
RESULTS
In detecting primary lesions, the efficiency was higher for [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT (20/22) than for [F]FDG PET/CT (9/22). Although [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 uptake (SUVmax, 5.03 ± 4.06) was lower than [F]FDG uptake (SUVmax, 7.90 ± 4.84, P = 0.006), [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 improved the distinction between the primary tumor and contralateral normal tonsillar tissue. The TBR was significantly higher for [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT (3.19 ± 2.06) than for [F]FDG PET/CT (1.89 ± 1.80) (p < 0.001). In lymph node analysis, SUVmax and TBR were not significantly different between [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [F]FDG PET/CT (7.67 ± 5.88 vs. 8.36 ± 6.15, P = 0.498 and 5.56 ± 4.02 vs. 4.26 ± 3.16, P = 0.123, respectively). The specificity and accuracy of [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT were higher than those of [F]FDG PET/CT in diagnosing metastatic cervical lymph nodes (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The availability of [ Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 complements the diagnostic results of [F]FDG by improving the detection rate of primary lesions and the diagnostic accuracy of cervical metastatic lymph nodes in tonsil cancer compared to [F]FDG.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Male; Female; Retrospective Studies; Lymphatic Metastasis; Middle Aged; Aged; Tonsillar Neoplasms; Radiopharmaceuticals; Adult; Gallium Radioisotopes; Organometallic Compounds; Lymph Nodes
PubMed: 38702821
DOI: 10.1186/s40644-024-00699-3 -
Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of... Jul 2024Recently, a comprehensive xerostomia prediction model was published, based on baseline xerostomia, mean dose to parotid glands (PG) and submandibular glands (SMG)....
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Recently, a comprehensive xerostomia prediction model was published, based on baseline xerostomia, mean dose to parotid glands (PG) and submandibular glands (SMG). Previously, PET imaging biomarkers (IBMs) of PG were shown to improve xerostomia prediction. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential improvement of the additional PET-IBMs from both PG and SMG to the recent comprehensive xerostomia prediction model (i.e., the reference model).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Totally, 540 head and neck cancer patients were split into training and validation cohorts. PET-IBMs from the PG and SMG, were selected using bootstrapped forward selection based on the reference model. The IBMs from both the PG and SMG with the highest selection frequency were added to the reference model, resulting in a PG-IBM model and a SMG-IBM model which were combined into a composite model. Model performance was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC). Likelihood ratio test compared the predictive performance between the reference model and models including IBMs.
RESULTS
The final selected PET-IBMs were 90 percentile of the PG SUV and total energy of the SMG SUV. The additional two PET-IBMs in the composite model improved the predictive performance of the reference model significantly. The AUC of the reference model and the composite model were 0.67 and 0.69 in the training cohort, and 0.71 and 0.73 in the validation cohort, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The composite model including two additional PET-IBMs from PG and SMG improved the predictive performance of the reference xerostomia model significantly, facilitating a more personalized prediction approach.
Topics: Humans; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Xerostomia; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Aged; Adult; Submandibular Gland; Parotid Gland; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 38702014
DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110319 -
Medicine May 2024Purpose of our research is to demonstrate efficacy of narrow interval dual phase [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT)...
Purpose of our research is to demonstrate efficacy of narrow interval dual phase [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) imaging in distinguishing tumor recurrence (TR) from radiation necrosis (RN) in patients treated for brain metastases. 35 consecutive patients (22 female, 13 male) with various cancer subtypes, lesion size > 1.0 cm3, and suspected recurrence on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) underwent narrow interval dual phase FDG-PET/CT (30 and 90 min after tracer injection). Clinical outcome was determined via sequential MRIs or pathology reports. Maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of lesion (L), gray matter (GM), and white matter (WM) was measured on early (1) and delayed (2) imaging. Analyzed variables include % change, late phase, and early phase for L uptake, L/GM uptake, and L/WM uptake. Statistical analysis (P < .01), receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) cutoff values were obtained. Change in L/GM ratio of > -2% was 95% sensitive, 91% specific, and 93% accurate (P < .001, AUC = 0.99) in distinguishing TR from RN. Change in SUVmax of lesion alone was the second-best indicator (P < .001, AUC = 0.94) with an ROC cutoff > 30.5% yielding 86% sensitivity, 83% specificity, and 84% accuracy. Other variables (L alone or L/GM ratios in early or late phase, all L/WM ratios) were significantly less accurate. Utilizing narrow interval dual phase FDG-PET/CT in patients with brain metastasis treated with radiation therapy provides a practical approach to distinguish TR from RN. Narrow time interval allows for better patient comfort, greater efficiency of PET/CT scanner, and lower disruption of workflow.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Female; Male; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Brain Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Radiation Injuries; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Aged; Radiopharmaceuticals; Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Necrosis; Brain; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; ROC Curve
PubMed: 38701250
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037789 -
In Vivo (Athens, Greece) 2024Since acute myeloid leukemias still represent the most aggressive type of adult acute leukemias, the profound understanding of disease pathology is of paramount...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Since acute myeloid leukemias still represent the most aggressive type of adult acute leukemias, the profound understanding of disease pathology is of paramount importance for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Hence, this study aimed to explore the real-time disease fate with the establishment of an experimental myelomonoblastic leukemia (My1/De) rat model using preclinical positron emission tomography (PET) and whole-body autoradiography.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In vitro [F]F-FDG uptake studies were performed to compare the tracer accumulation in the newly cultured My1/De tumor cell line (blasts) with that in healthy control and My1/De bone marrow suspensions. Post transplantation of My1/De cells under the left renal capsule of Long-Evans rats, primary My1/De tumorigenesis, and metastatic propagation were investigated using [F]F-FDG PET imaging, whole-body autoradiography and phosphorimage analyses. To assess the organ uptake profile of the tumor-carrying animals we accomplished ex vivo biodistribution studies.
RESULTS
The tracer accumulation in the My1/De culture cells exceeded that of both the tumorous and the healthy bone marrow suspensions (p<0.01). Based on in vivo imaging, the subrenally transplanted My1/De cells resulted in the development of leukemia in the abdominal organs, and metastasized to the mesenterial and thoracic parathymic lymph nodes (PTLNs). The lymphatic spread of metastasis was further confirmed by the significantly higher %ID/g values of the metastatic PTLNs (4.25±0.28) compared to the control (0.94±0.34). Cytochemical staining of the peripheral blood, autopsy findings, and wright-Giemsa-stained post-mortem histological sections proved the leukemic involvement of the assessed tissues/organs.
CONCLUSION
The currently established My1/De model appears to be well-suited for further leukemia-related therapeutic and diagnostic investigations.
Topics: Animals; Rats; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Autoradiography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Cell Line, Tumor; Tissue Distribution; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Radiopharmaceuticals; Male; Humans
PubMed: 38688644
DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13540 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... Apr 2024It is crucially essential to differentially diagnose single-nodule pulmonary metastases (SNPMs) and second primary lung cancer (SPLC) in patients with colorectal cancer...
Application of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging radiomics in the differential diagnosis of single-nodule pulmonary metastases and second primary lung cancer in patients with colorectal cancer.
OBJECTIVE
It is crucially essential to differentially diagnose single-nodule pulmonary metastases (SNPMs) and second primary lung cancer (SPLC) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), which has important clinical implications for treatment strategies. In this study, we aimed to establish a feasible differential diagnosis model by combining 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) radiomics, computed tomography (CT) radiomics, and clinical features.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
CRC patients with SNPM or SPLC who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT from January 2013 to July 2022 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The radiomic features were extracted by manually outlining the lesions on PET/CT images, and the radiomic modeling was realized by various screening methods and classifiers. In addition, clinical features were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression (LR) analysis to be included in the combined model. Finally, the diagnostic performances of these models were illustrated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC).
RESULTS
We studied data from 61 patients, including 36 SNPMs and 25 SPLCs, with an average age of 65.56 ± 10.355 years. Spicule sign and ground-glass opacity (GGO) were significant independent predictors of clinical features (P = 0.012 and P < 0.001, respectively) to build the clinical model. We achieved a PET radiomic model (AUC = 0.789), a CT radiomic model (AUC = 0.818), and a PET/CT radiomic model (AUC = 0.900). The PET/CT radiomic models were combined with the clinical model, and a well-performing model was established by LR analysis (AUC = 0.940).
CONCLUSIONS
For CRC patients, the radiomic models we developed had good performance for the differential diagnosis of SNPM and SPLC. The combination of radiomic and clinical features had better diagnostic value than a single model.
Topics: Humans; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Colorectal Neoplasms; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Female; Diagnosis, Differential; Middle Aged; Aged; Retrospective Studies; Neoplasms, Second Primary; ROC Curve; Radiopharmaceuticals; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule; Adult; Radiomics
PubMed: 38687930
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1674_23 -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Jun 2024To identify 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake patterns in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) caused by infection, inflammation, surgical...
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake patterns in positron emission tomography/computed tomography caused by inflammation and/or infection after graft surgery for thoracic aortic dissection.
BACKGROUND
To identify 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake patterns in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) caused by infection, inflammation, surgical material, and/or graft coating.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Of 610 consecutive patients with thoracic aortic graft surgery, 60 patients with 187 PET/CT were retrospectively included. We quantified FDG uptake in all grafts using maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) alone and in relation to liver background (SUVratio) and determined the uptake pattern. Mixed linear regression models with random slope and intercept were applied for the analysis of SUVratio over time and generalized estimating equations to analyze the associations with anastomosis uptake. FDG uptake was frequently focal (90%), higher in infected than in noninfected grafts (mean SUVratio 2.19; 95% CI 2.05-2.32 vs. 1.63; 1.46-1.79, P < 0.001), and decreasing slowly over time (SUVratio per year since surgery -0.048; 95% CI -0.15- 0.051, P = 0.34), without a difference in slope between infected and noninfected grafts (P = 0.52). There was no evidence of an interaction between SUVratio and use of BioGlue® surgical adhesive (intercept P = 0.73, slope P = 0.71), or graft coating (gelatin and collagen, all P > 0.7). FDG uptake at the anastomosis was more frequent in noninfected grafts than in infected grafts (66% vs. 21%, odds ratio (OR) 11.34; 95% CI 3.61-35.66, P < 0.001). This effect was attenuated by the use of BioGlue® (OR 5.05; 95% CI 0.45-56.9, P = 0.19).
CONCLUSIONS
FDG uptake in PET/CT after thoracic aortic graft surgery is higher in infected grafts than in noninfected grafts. In noninfected grafts, focal uptake is also frequent, mostly anastomosis-associated, not associated with graft coating, and possibly affected by the use of BioGlue®.
Topics: Humans; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Aged; Retrospective Studies; Radiopharmaceuticals; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Aortic Dissection; Inflammation; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Aorta, Thoracic; Dissection, Thoracic Aorta
PubMed: 38679286
DOI: 10.1016/j.nuclcard.2024.101865 -
Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2024To investigate the positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings of T1/T2N0M0 glottic cancer (hereafter referred to as T1/T2) and dose distribution...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings of T1/T2N0M0 glottic cancer (hereafter referred to as T1/T2) and dose distribution in radiotherapy.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
We retrospectively collected data from patients diagnosed with T1/T2N0M0 glottic cancer who received radiotherapy. The extent of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) accumulation in primary tumors, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), tumor volume of primary tumors on PET/CT were compared. Furthermore, the tumor identified on PET/CT was incorporated into the radiotherapy plans. A dummy plan (radiation field 6x6cm, prescription point facing the vertebral body, maximum dose ≤107%, T1/T2 66Gy/33 fractions) was developed for three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, and the dose distribution of primary tumors was calculated.
RESULTS
Twenty-nine patients (27 men and two women) were included; their mean age was 67.2±15.0 years. Increased F-FDG accumulation in primary tumors was observed on PET/CT in 22/29 (78.5%; T1: 14/21 [67%], T2: 8/8 [100%]) patients. The median SUVmax, TLG, and primary tumor volume were significantly different between T1 and T2 (SUVmax, T1: 4.56 vs. T2: 8.43, P=0.035; TLG, T1: 1.01 vs. T2: 3.71 SUVxmL, P<0.01; primary tumor volume, T1: 0.38mL vs. T2: 0.80mL, P=0.01). At a TLG cut-off value of 3.470, the area under the curve was 0.875, sensitivity was 0.875, and specificity was 0.929 for T1-T2 differentiation. In 20 patients with F-FDG accumulation, the minimum radiation dose was significantly different between T1 and T2 (66Gy vs. 64Gy, P<0.01) at the same 66Gy prescription. The minimum radiation dose and primary tumor volume show the correlation value (r=-0.516, P=0.02).
CONCLUSION
In glottic cancer, T1 and T2 can be differentiated by the extent of F-FDG accumulation in primary tumors on PET/CT. The minimum radiation dose rate decreases as volume increases.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Male; Female; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Aged; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Glottis; Radiotherapy Dosage; Retrospective Studies; Middle Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; Neoplasm Staging; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 38678383
DOI: 10.1967/s002449912710 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Apr 2024Lung cancer is the second most common form of cancer in the world for both men and women as well as the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The aim of...
Lung cancer is the second most common form of cancer in the world for both men and women as well as the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The aim of this study is to summarize the radiological characteristics between primary lung adenocarcinoma subtypes and to correlate them with FDG uptake on PET-CT. This retrospective study included 102 patients with pathohistologically confirmed lung adenocarcinoma. A PET-CT examination was performed on some of the patients and the values of SUVmax were also correlated with the histological and morphological characteristics of the masses in the lungs. The results of this analysis showed that the mean size of AIS-MIA (adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma) cancer was significantly lower than for all other cancer types, while the mean size of the acinar cancer was smaller than in the solid type of cancer. Metastases were significantly more frequent in solid adenocarcinoma than in acinar, lepidic, and AIS-MIA cancer subtypes. The maximum standardized FDG uptake was significantly lower in AIS-MIA than in all other cancer types and in the acinar predominant subtype compared to solid cancer. Papillary predominant adenocarcinoma had higher odds of developing contralateral lymph node involvement compared to other types. Solid adenocarcinoma was associated with higher odds of having metastases and with higher SUVmax. AIS-MIA was associated with lower odds of one unit increase in tumor size and ipsilateral lymph node involvement. The correlation between histopathological and radiological findings is crucial for accurate diagnosis and staging. By integrating both sets of data, clinicians can enhance diagnostic accuracy and determine the optimal treatment plan.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Retrospective Studies; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Middle Aged; Aged; Adenocarcinoma of Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Adult; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38674262
DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040617 -
Cardiovascular Diabetology Apr 2024Evidence has shown that women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a higher excess risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than men with T2DM. Subjects with either T2DM or... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Evidence has shown that women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a higher excess risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than men with T2DM. Subjects with either T2DM or prediabetes exhibit myocardial insulin resistance, but it is still unsettled whether sex-related differences in myocardial insulin resistance occur in diabetic and prediabetic subjects.
METHODS
We aimed to evaluate sex-related differences in myocardial glucose metabolic rate (MRGlu), assessed using dynamic PET with F-FDG combined with euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 20), prediabetes (n = 11), and T2DM (n = 26).
RESULTS
Women with prediabetes or T2DM exhibited greater relative differences in myocardial MRGlu than men with prediabetes or T2DM when compared with their NGT counterparts. As compared with women with NGT, those with prediabetes exhibited an age-adjusted 35% lower myocardial MRGlu value (P = 0.04) and women with T2DM a 74% lower value (P = 0.006), respectively. Conversely, as compared with men with NGT, men with T2DM exhibited a 40% lower myocardial MRGlu value (P = 0.004), while no significant difference was observed between men with NGT and prediabetes. The statistical test for interaction between sex and glucose tolerance on myocardial MRGlu (P < 0.0001) was significant suggesting a sex-specific association.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that deterioration of glucose homeostasis in women is associated with a greater impairment in myocardial glucose metabolism as compared with men. The sex-specific myocardial insulin resistance could be an important factor responsible for the greater effect of T2DM on the excess risk of cardiovascular disease in women than in men.
Topics: Humans; Male; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Prediabetic State; Middle Aged; Insulin Resistance; Sex Factors; Myocardium; Blood Glucose; Glucose Clamp Technique; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Insulin; Case-Control Studies; Energy Metabolism
PubMed: 38671460
DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02246-7 -
Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) Apr 2024F18-FDG PET/CT may be helpful in baseline staging of patients with high-risk LARC presenting with vascular tumor deposits (TDs), in addition to standard pelvic MRI and...
F18-FDG PET/CT may be helpful in baseline staging of patients with high-risk LARC presenting with vascular tumor deposits (TDs), in addition to standard pelvic MRI and CT staging. All patients with locally advanced rectal cancer that had TDs on their baseline MRI of the pelvis and had a baseline F18-FDG PET/CT between May 2016 and December 2020 were included in this retrospective study. TDs as well as lymph nodes identified on pelvic MRI were correlated to the corresponding nodular structures on a standard F18-FDG PET/CT, including measurements of nodular SUVmax and SUVmean. In addition, the effects of partial volume and spill-in on SUV measurements were studied. A total number of 62 patients were included, in which 198 TDs were identified as well as 106 lymph nodes (both normal and metastatic). After ruling out partial volume effects and spill-in, 23 nodular structures remained that allowed for reliable measurement of SUVmax: 19 TDs and 4 LNs. The median SUVmax between TDs and LNs was not significantly different ( = 0.096): 4.6 (range 0.8 to 11.3) versus 2.8 (range 1.9 to 3.9). For the median SUVmean, there was a trend towards a significant difference ( = 0.08): 3.9 (range 0.7 to 7.8) versus 2.3 (range 1.5 to 3.4). Most nodular structures showing either an SUVmax or SUVmean ≥ 4 were characterized as TDs on MRI, while only two were characterized as LNs. SUV measurements may help in separating TDs from lymph node metastases or normal lymph nodes in patients with high-risk LARC.
Topics: Humans; Rectal Neoplasms; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Female; Male; Retrospective Studies; Middle Aged; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Aged; Radiopharmaceuticals; Neoplasm Staging; Adult; Lymphatic Metastasis; Aged, 80 and over; Lymph Nodes
PubMed: 38668405
DOI: 10.3390/tomography10040048