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Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Apr 2024The aim of this study was to assess the ability of radiologic factors such as mean computed tomography (mCT) value, consolidation/tumor ratio (C/T ratio), solid tumor...
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to assess the ability of radiologic factors such as mean computed tomography (mCT) value, consolidation/tumor ratio (C/T ratio), solid tumor size, and the maximum standardized uptake (SUVmax) value by F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography to predict the presence of spread through air spaces (STAS) of lung adenocarcinoma.
METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted on 118 patients those diagnosed with clinically without lymph node metastasis and having a pathological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma after undergoing surgery. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to assess the ability to use mCT value, C/T ratio, tumor size, and SUVmax value to predict STAS. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the independent variables for the prediction of STAS.
RESULTS
Forty-one lesions (34.7%) were positive for STAS and 77 lesions were negative for STAS. The STAS positive group was strongly associated with a high mCT value, high C/T ratio, large solid tumor size, large tumor size and high SUVmax value. The mCT values were - 324.9 ± 19.3 HU for STAS negative group and - 173.0 ± 26.3 HU for STAS positive group (p < 0.0001). The ROC area under the curve of the mCT value was the highest (0.738), followed by SUVmax value (0.720), C/T ratio (0.665), solid tumor size (0.649). Multiple logistic regression analyses using the preoperatively determined variables revealed that mCT value (p = 0.015) was independent predictive factors of predicting STAS. The maximum sensitivity and specificity were obtained at a cutoff value of - 251.8 HU.
CONCLUSIONS
The evaluation of mCT value has a possibility to predict STAS and may potentially contribute to the selection of suitable treatment strategies.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Retrospective Studies; Middle Aged; Lung Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma of Lung; Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Adenocarcinoma; ROC Curve; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Predictive Value of Tests; Neoplasm Staging; Adult; Positron-Emission Tomography; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38654352
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02612-2 -
Alzheimer's Research & Therapy Apr 2024Association of medial temporal lobe (MTL) metabolism with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has not been evaluated considering their mixed...
BACKGROUND
Association of medial temporal lobe (MTL) metabolism with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has not been evaluated considering their mixed disease (MD).
METHODS
131 patients with AD, 133 with DLB, 122 with MD, and 28 normal controls (NCs) underwent neuropsychological tests, assessments for parkinsonism, cognitive fluctuation (CF), and visual hallucinations (VH), and F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET to quantify MTL metabolism in the amygdala, hippocampus, and entorhinal cortex. The effects of AD and DLB on MTL metabolism were evaluated using general linear models (GLMs). Associations between MTL metabolism, cognition, and clinical features were evaluated using GLMs or logistic regression models separately performed for the AD spectrum (NC + AD + MD), DLB spectrum (NC + DLB + MD), and disease groups (AD + DLB + MD). Covariates included age, sex, and education.
RESULTS
AD was associated with hippocampal/entorhinal hypometabolism, whereas DLB was associated with relative amygdalar/hippocampal hypermetabolism. Relative MTL hypermetabolism was associated with lower attention/visuospatial/executive scores and severe parkinsonism in both the AD and DLB spectra and disease groups. Left hippocampal/entorhinal hypometabolism was associated with lower verbal memory scores, whereas right hippocampal hypometabolism was associated with lower visual memory scores in both the AD spectrum and disease groups. Relative MTL hypermetabolism was associated with an increased risk of CF and VH in the disease group, and relative amygdalar hypermetabolism was associated with an increased risk of VH in the DLB spectrum.
CONCLUSIONS
Entorhinal-hippocampal hypometabolism and relative amygdala-hippocampal hypermetabolism could be characteristics of AD- and DLB-related neurodegeneration, respectively.
Topics: Humans; Lewy Body Disease; Alzheimer Disease; Female; Male; Aged; Positron-Emission Tomography; Temporal Lobe; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Neuropsychological Tests; Aged, 80 and over; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38654300
DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01429-4 -
BMC Cancer Apr 2024[F]FDG-PET/CT is used for staging and treatment planning in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). We studied if a PET-based prediction model could...
BACKGROUND
[F]FDG-PET/CT is used for staging and treatment planning in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). We studied if a PET-based prediction model could provide additional risk stratification beyond International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging in our population with LACC to aid treatment decision making.
METHODS
In total, 183 patients with LACC treated with chemoradiation between 2013 and 2018 were included. Patients were treated according to FIGO 2009 and retrospectively reclassified according to FIGO 2018 staging system. After validation of an existing PET-based prediction model, the predicted recurrent free survival (RFS), disease specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) at 1, 3, and 5 years, based on metabolic tumor volume (MTV), maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) and highest level of [F]FDG-positive node was calculated. Then the observed survival was compared to the predicted survival. An area under the curve (AUC) close to or higher than 0.7 was considered adequate for accurate prediction. The Youden (J) index defined survival chance cutoff values for low and high risk groups.
RESULTS
All AUC values for the comparison between predicted and observed outcomes were > 0.7 except for 5-year RFS and for 5-year OS which were close to 0.7 (0.684 and 0.650 respectively). Cutoff values for low and high risk survival chance were 0.44 for the 3-year RFS and 0.47 for the 5-year OS. The FIGO 2009 system could not differentiate between the risk profiles. After reclassification according to FIGO 2018, all patients with stage IIIC2 and IVB fell in the high risk and almost all patients with stages IB2-IIIB and IVA in the low risk group. In patients with stage IIIC1 disease the FIGO stage cannot discriminate between the risk profiles.
CONCLUSIONS
Low and high risk patients with LACC can be identified with the PET-based prediction model. In particular patients with stage IIIC1 need additional risk stratification besides the FIGO 2018 staging. The Kidd model could be a useful tool to aid treatment decision making in these patients. Our results also support the choice of [F]FDG-PET/CT imaging in patients with LACC.
Topics: Humans; Female; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Adult; Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Risk Assessment; Chemoradiotherapy; Radiopharmaceuticals; Aged, 80 and over; Prognosis
PubMed: 38654241
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12232-7 -
Journal of Hematology & Oncology Apr 2024Relapse and toxicity limit the effectiveness of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy for large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), yet biomarkers that predict outcomes...
Relapse and toxicity limit the effectiveness of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy for large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), yet biomarkers that predict outcomes and toxicity are lacking. We examined radiomic features extracted from pre-CAR-T F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([F]FDG PET/CT) scans (n = 341) of 180 patients (121 male; median age, 66 years). Three conventional (maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax], metabolic tumor volume [MTV], total lesion glycolysis [TLG]) and 116 novel radiomic features were assessed, along with inflammatory markers, toxicities, and outcomes. At both pre-apheresis and pre-infusion time points, conventional PET features of disease correlated with elevated inflammatory markers. At pre-infusion, MTV was associated with grade ≥ 2 cytokine release syndrome (odds ratio [OR] for 100 mL increase: 1.08 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.20], P = 0.031), and SUVmax was associated with failure to achieve complete response (CR) (OR 1.72 [95% CI, 1.24-2.43], P < 0.001). Higher pre-apheresis and pre-infusion MTV values were associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (HR for 10-unit increase: 1.11 [95% CI, 1.05-1.17], P < 0.001; 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02-1.07], P < 0.001) and shorter overall survival (HR for 100-unit increase: 1.14 [95% CI, 1.07-1.21], P < 0.001; 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02-1.06], P < 0.001). A combined MTV and LDH measure stratified patients into high and low PFS risk groups. Multiple pre-infusion novel radiomic features were associated with CR. These quantitative conventional [F]FDG PET/CT features obtained before CAR-T cell infusion, which were correlated with inflammation markers, may provide prognostic biomarkers for CAR-T therapy efficacy and toxicity. The use of conventional and novel radiomic features may thus help identify high-risk patients for earlier interventions.
Topics: Humans; Male; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Female; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Aged; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Middle Aged; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Adult; Treatment Outcome; Aged, 80 and over; Radiopharmaceuticals; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 38649972
DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01540-x -
Journal For Immunotherapy of Cancer Apr 2024Because of atypical response imaging patterns in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs), new...
PURPOSE
Because of atypical response imaging patterns in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs), new biomarkers are needed for a better monitoring of treatment efficacy. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the prognostic value of volume-derived positron-emission tomography (PET) parameters on baseline and follow-up F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose PET (F-FDG-PET) scans and compare it with the conventional PET Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST).
METHODS
Patients with metastatic NSCLC were included in two different single-center prospective trials. F-FDG-PET studies were performed before the start of immunotherapy (PET), after 6-8 weeks (PET1) and after 12-16 weeks (PET2) of treatment, using PERCIST criteria for tumor response assessment. Different metabolic parameters were evaluated: absolute values of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the most intense lesion, total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), but also their percentage changes between PET studies (ΔSUVmax, ΔTMTV and ΔTLG). The median follow-up of patients was 31 (7.3-31.8) months. Prognostic values and optimal thresholds of PET parameters were estimated by ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve analysis of 12-month overall survival (12M-OS) and 6-month progression-free survival (6M-PFS). Tumor progression needed to be confirmed by a multidisciplinary tumor board, considering atypical response patterns on imaging.
RESULTS
110 patients were prospectively included. On PET, TMTV was predictive of 12M-OS [AUC (Area Under Curve) =0.64; 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.66] whereas SUVmax and TLG were not. On PET1 and PET2, all metabolic parameters were predictive for 12M-OS and 6M-PFS, the residual TMTV on PET1 (TMTV) being the strongest prognostic biomarker (AUC=0.83 and 0.82; 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.91, for 12M-OS and 6M-PFS, respectively). Using the optimal threshold by ROC curve to classify patients into three TMTV subgroups (0 cm; 0-57 cm; >57 cm), TMTV prognostic stratification was independent of PERCIST criteria on both PFS and OS, and significantly outperformed them. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that TMTV remained a strong prognostic biomarker of 12M-OS for non-responding patients (p=0.0003) according to PERCIST criteria. In the specific group of patients with PERCIST progression on PET1, low residual tumor volume (<57 cm) was still associated with a very favorable patients' outcome (6M-PFS=73%; 24M-OS=55%).
CONCLUSION
The absolute value of residual metabolic tumor volume, assessed 6-8 weeks after the start of ICPI, is an optimal and independent prognostic measure, exceeding and complementing conventional PERCIST criteria. Oncologists should consider it in patients with first tumor progression according to PERCIST criteria, as it helps identify patients who benefit from continued treatment.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
2018-A02116-49; NCT03584334.
Topics: Humans; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Male; Lung Neoplasms; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Female; Middle Aged; Aged; Tumor Burden; Immunotherapy; Prospective Studies; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Adult; Neoplasm Metastasis; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38649279
DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007628 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Apr 2024BACKGROUND Marginal zone lymphoma is a low-grade, B-cell, non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Bone marrow involvement (BMI) of leukemia or lymphoma can usually be displayed in...
BACKGROUND Marginal zone lymphoma is a low-grade, B-cell, non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Bone marrow involvement (BMI) of leukemia or lymphoma can usually be displayed in fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) with high standardized uptake values (SUV), while diffuse homogeneous ¹⁸F-FDG bone marrow uptake (BMU) in PET/CT primarily reflects hyperplastic bone marrow status. This report is of a 74-year-old man presenting with anemia and a diagnosis of recurrent marginal zone lymphoma with bone marrow involvement identified with 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and biopsy. CASE REPORT A 64-year-old man with severe anemia and body weight loss of 7 kg in 1 month was diagnosed with marginal zone lymphoma, stage III, in July 2011. He went into complete remission in April 2012 after 6 cycles of chemotherapy, with Hb restored. Anemia and diffuse homogeneous ¹⁸F-FDG BMU in PET/CT were then noted during a routine check-up in October 2021, and recurrent disease was established through positive biopsy of subcutaneous nodules and bone marrow. Subsequent complete remission after 6 cycles of combination therapy was validated with pathologically negative BMI, the resolution of the slightly enhanced ¹⁸F-FDG BMU in PET/CT, and restored hemoglobin. CONCLUSIONS This report has highlighted the importance of follow-up for patients with lymphoma and supports the diagnostic role of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging and the pathological verification in identifying malignant involvement in bone marrow.
Topics: Humans; Male; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biopsy; Bone Marrow; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38644602
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.943275 -
BMJ Open Apr 2024Accurate baseline clinical staging is critical to inform treatment decision-making for patients with gastric cancers. Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is the most common form...
Ga-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/CT and laparoscopy for the diagnosis of occult peritoneal metastasis in newly diagnosed locally advanced gastric cancer: study protocol of a single-centre prospective cohort study.
INTRODUCTION
Accurate baseline clinical staging is critical to inform treatment decision-making for patients with gastric cancers. Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is the most common form of metastasis in gastric cancer and mainly diagnosed by diagnostic laparoscopy and peritoneal lavage evaluation. However, diagnostic laparoscopy is invasive and less cost-effective. It is urgent to develop a safe, fast and non-invasive functional imaging method to verify the peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. The aim of our study was to evaluate the proportion of patients in whom Ga-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) led to a change in treatment strategy and to assess the diagnostic accuracy of Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT for the detection of occult peritoneal metastasis compared with laparoscopic exploration.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
In this single-centre, prospective diagnostic test accuracy study, a total of 48 patients with locally advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (cT4a-b, N0-3, M0, based on CT images) who are considering radical tumour surgery will be recruited. All participants will undergo Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT before the initiation of laparoscopic exploration. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients with occult peritoneal metastatic lesions detected by Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT, leading to a change in therapy strategy. The secondary outcomes include the diagnostic performance of Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT for occult peritoneal metastasis, including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (2022-1484). Study results will be presented at public and scientific conferences and in peer-reviewed journals.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ChiCTR2300067591.
Topics: Humans; Stomach Neoplasms; Gallium Radioisotopes; Prospective Studies; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Laparoscopy; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Quinolines
PubMed: 38643004
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075680 -
Medicine Apr 2024To develop a scheme for distinguishing Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) from lymphoma in patients presenting enlarged lymph nodes (LNs) predominantly on the upper side of...
To develop a scheme for distinguishing Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) from lymphoma in patients presenting enlarged lymph nodes (LNs) predominantly on the upper side of the diaphragm. From November 2015 to August 2023, 32 KFD patients and 38 lymphoma patients were pathologically confirmed and enrolled in this retrospectively study. Clinical and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) features were collected. When comparing those PET/CT parameters, we set 5 models with different research objects: (1) all affected LNs; (2) the 5 largest affected LNs in terms of maximum diameter; (3) the 5 largest affected LNs in terms of maximum standard uptake values (SUVmax); (4) the largest affected LNs in terms of maximum diameter; (5) the largest affected LNs in terms of SUVmax. Compared to lymphoma patients, KFD patients were younger; and with higher incidence of fever, arthralgia, abnormal serum white blood cell, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and splenomegaly; lower incidence of affected LNs perinodal infiltration, necrosis and conglomeration; more affected LNs in Head and Neck nodes (particularly in level II) and Axillary in KFD (P ˂ .05). PET/CT parameters presented as various difference in each model. Finally, 11 clinical and PET/CT features (age ≤ 34, with fever, arthralgia, abnormal white blood cell, abnormal LDH, and without node necrosis and node conglomeration have a score of 2 each; splenomegaly, perinodal infiltration, median maximum diameter ≤ 20.5 and median SUVmax ≤ 7.1 of affected LNs in model 2 have score of 1 each) were selected as scheme items for distinguishing KFD from lymphoma. Individuals who have a total score > 8, meet the criteria for KFD. Sensitivity and specificity were high: 86.8% (95% CI: 71.9%, 95.5%) and 96.9% (95% CI: 83.7%, 99.5%), AUC = 0.975 (95% CI: 90.5%, 99.6%), respectively. It can effectively distinguish KFD from lymphoma by clinical and PET/CT parameters.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis; Retrospective Studies; Splenomegaly; Lymphoma; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Arthralgia; Necrosis; Lymph Nodes
PubMed: 38640333
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037779 -
Anales de Pediatria May 2024
Topics: Humans; Osteomyelitis; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Male; Female; Child
PubMed: 38637203
DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2024.01.020 -
Developmental Cell Jun 2024Patterning and growth are fundamental features of embryonic development that must be tightly coordinated. To understand how metabolism impacts early mesoderm...
Patterning and growth are fundamental features of embryonic development that must be tightly coordinated. To understand how metabolism impacts early mesoderm development, we used mouse embryonic stem-cell-derived gastruloids, that co-expressed glucose transporters with the mesodermal marker T/Bra. We found that the glucose mimic, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), blocked T/Bra expression and abolished axial elongation in gastruloids. However, glucose removal did not phenocopy 2-DG treatment despite a decline in glycolytic intermediates. As 2-DG can also act as a competitive inhibitor of mannose in protein glycosylation, we added mannose together with 2-DG and found that it could rescue the mesoderm specification both in vivo and in vitro. We further showed that blocking production and intracellular recycling of mannose abrogated mesoderm specification. Proteomics analysis demonstrated that mannose reversed glycosylation of the Wnt pathway regulator, secreted frizzled receptor Frzb. Our study showed how mannose controls mesoderm specification in mouse gastruloids.
Topics: Animals; Mesoderm; Mice; Mannose; Glycosylation; Deoxyglucose; Wnt Signaling Pathway; Gastrula; Body Patterning; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Cell Differentiation; Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells; Frizzled Receptors
PubMed: 38636516
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.031