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JMIR Nursing May 2024Technology has a major impact on the way nurses work. Data-driven technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), have particularly strong potential to support...
Technology has a major impact on the way nurses work. Data-driven technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), have particularly strong potential to support nurses in their work. However, their use also introduces ambiguities. An example of such a technology is AI-driven lifestyle monitoring in long-term care for older adults, based on data collected from ambient sensors in an older adult's home. Designing and implementing this technology in such an intimate setting requires collaboration with nurses experienced in long-term and older adult care. This viewpoint paper emphasizes the need to incorporate nurses and the nursing perspective into every stage of designing, using, and implementing AI-driven lifestyle monitoring in long-term care settings. It is argued that the technology will not replace nurses, but rather act as a new digital colleague, complementing the humane qualities of nurses and seamlessly integrating into nursing workflows. Several advantages of such a collaboration between nurses and technology are highlighted, as are potential risks such as decreased patient empowerment, depersonalization, lack of transparency, and loss of human contact. Finally, practical suggestions are offered to move forward with integrating the digital colleague.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Long-Term Care; Aged; Life Style; Monitoring, Physiologic; Female
PubMed: 38781012
DOI: 10.2196/56474 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024Reliability is a property of tests scores that varies from sample to sample. One way of generalizing reliability of a test is to perform a meta-analysis on some...
INTRODUCTION
Reliability is a property of tests scores that varies from sample to sample. One way of generalizing reliability of a test is to perform a meta-analysis on some reliability estimator. In 2011, a reliability generalization meta-analysis on the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was conducted, concluding that average alpha values for the MBI dimensions ranged from 0.71 to 0.88. In the present study, we aimed to update the average reliability values of the MBI by conducting a literature search from 2010 until now and comparing to statistical procedures of meta-analysis: the Univariate approach, that were used in the previous study, and a novel meta-analytic approach based on structural equation modeling.
METHOD
An estimation of average reliability was done based on 69 independent primary reliability coefficients for the Univariate approach. The average reliability was based on 9 independent studies in the case of the Meta-analytic Structural Equation Modeling (MASEM) approach. Given that MASEM has the additional capability of testing the internal structure of a test, we also fitted several models.
RESULTS
The data was well-suited to the bifactor model, revealing the dominance of the general factor over the domain-specific ones. Acceptable overall alpha and omega coefficients were achieved for the two of the MBI dimensions, having depersonalization reliability estimates below recommendations.
DISCUSSION
In general, the MBI can be viewed as a highly interconnected three-factor scale, being its appropriate for research purposes.
PubMed: 38778881
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1383619 -
BMC Medical Education May 2024Primary care in the US faces challenges with clinician recruitment, retention, and burnout, with further workforce shortages predicted in the next decade. Team-based...
BACKGROUND
Primary care in the US faces challenges with clinician recruitment, retention, and burnout, with further workforce shortages predicted in the next decade. Team-based care can be protective against clinician burnout, and opportunities for interprofessional education (IPE) on professional development and leadership could encourage primary care transformation. Despite an increasingly important role in the primary care workforce, IPE initiatives training physician assistants (PAs) alongside physicians are rare. We describe the design, curriculum, and outcomes from an interprofessional primary care transformation fellowship for community-based primary care physicians and PAs.
METHODS
The Community Primary Care Champions (CPCC) Fellowship was a one-year, part-time fellowship which trained nine PAs, fourteen physicians, and a behavioralist with at least two years of post-graduate clinical experience in six content pillars: quality improvement (QI), wellness and burnout, mental health, social determinants of health, medical education, and substance use disorders. The fellowship included a recurring schedule of monthly activities in self-study, lectures, mentoring, and community expert evening discussions. Evaluation of the fellowship included pre, post, and one-year follow-up self-assessments of knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in the six content areas, pre- and post- wellness surveys, lecture and discussion evaluations, and midpoint and exit focus groups.
RESULTS
Fellows showed significant improvement in 24 of 28 self-assessment items across all content areas post-fellowship, and in 16 of 18 items one-year post-fellowship. They demonstrated reductions in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization post-fellowship and increased confidence in working in interprofessional teams post-fellowship which persisted on one-year follow-up assessments. All fellows completed QI projects and four presented their work at national conferences. Focus group data showed that fellows experienced collaborative, meaningful professional development that was relevant to their clinical work. They appreciated the flexible format and inclusion of interprofessional community experts in evening discussions.
CONCLUSIONS
The CPCC fellowship fostered an interprofessional community of practice that provided an effective IPE experience for physicians and PAs. The learning activities, and particularly the community expert discussions, allowed for a flexible, relevant experience, resulting in personal and professional growth along with increased confidence working within interprofessional teams.
Topics: Humans; Physician Assistants; Fellowships and Scholarships; Primary Health Care; Curriculum; Burnout, Professional; Female; Program Evaluation; Male; Interprofessional Relations; Physicians, Primary Care; Interprofessional Education
PubMed: 38773571
DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05559-z -
Global estimate of burnout among the public health workforce: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human Resources For Health May 2024Burnout is an occupational phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress. We conducted this review to estimate the pooled global prevalence of burnout among the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Burnout is an occupational phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress. We conducted this review to estimate the pooled global prevalence of burnout among the public health workforce.
METHODS
We conducted this review as per the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. We included only cross-sectional studies reporting outcome estimates among the study population. We included articles published before December 2023. We used a search strategy to systematically select the articles from PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. We assessed the quality of the studies using an adapted version of NIH's study tool assessment for cross-sectional and observational cohort studies. We estimated the pooled proportion using the random-effects model.
RESULTS
We included eight studies in our review, covering a sample size of 215,787. The pooled proportion of burnout was 39% (95% CI: 25-53%; p-value: < 0.001). We also identified high heterogeneity among the included studies in our review (I: 99.67%; p-value: < 0.001). Seven out of the eight studies were of good quality. The pooled proportion of the studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic was 42% (95% CI: 17-66%), whereas for the studies conducted during the non-pandemic period, it was 35% (95% CI: 10-60%).
CONCLUSION
In our review, more than one-third of public health workers suffer from burnout, which adversely affects individuals' mental and physical health. Burnout among the public health workforce requires attention to improve the well-being of this group. Multisite studies using standardized definitions are needed for appropriate comparisons and a better understanding of variations in burnout in various subgroups based on sociodemographic characteristics and type of work responsibilities. We must design and implement workplace interventions to cope with burnout and increase well-being.
LIMITATIONS
Due to the limited research on burnout among public health workers, we could not perform a subgroup analysis on various factors that could have contributed to burnout.
Topics: Humans; Burnout, Professional; COVID-19; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Personnel; Health Workforce; Prevalence; Public Health; SARS-CoV-2; Workplace
PubMed: 38773482
DOI: 10.1186/s12960-024-00917-w -
Women and Birth : Journal of the... May 2024A variety of technologies are used to monitor fetal wellbeing in labour. Different types of fetal monitoring devices impact women's experiences of labour and birth. (Review)
Review
How does the use of continuous electronic fetal monitoring influence women's experiences of labour? A systematic integrative review of the literature from high income countries.
BACKGROUND
A variety of technologies are used to monitor fetal wellbeing in labour. Different types of fetal monitoring devices impact women's experiences of labour and birth.
AIM
This review aims to understand how continuous electronic fetal monitoring (CEFM) influences women's experiences, with a focus on sense of control, active decision-making and mobility.
METHODS
A systematic search of the literature was conducted. Findings from qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods studies were analysed to provide a review of current evidence.
FINDINGS
Eighteen publications were included. The findings were synthesised into three themes: 'Feeling reassured versus anxious about the welfare of their baby', 'Feeling comfortable and free to be mobile versus feeling uncomfortable and restricted', and 'Feeling respected and empowered to make decisions versus feeling depersonalised with minimal control '. Women experienced discomfort and a lack of mobility as a result of some CEFM technologies. They often felt anxious and had mixed feelings about their baby's welfare whilst these were in use. Some women valued the data produced by CEFM technologies about the welfare of their baby. Many women experienced a sense of depersonalisation and lack of control whilst CEFM technologies were used.
DISCUSSION
Fetal monitoring technologies influence women's experiences of labour both positively and negatively. Wireless devices were associated with the most positive response as they enabled greater freedom of movement.
CONCLUSION
The design of emerging fetal monitoring technologies should incorporate elements which foster freedom of movement, are comfortable and provide women with a sense of choice and control. The implementation of fetal monitoring that enables these elements should be prioritised by health professionals.
PubMed: 38754249
DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2024.101619 -
European Journal of Psychotraumatology 2024While several studies documented a positive correlation between childhood maltreatment severity and dissociation severity, it is currently unknown whether specific...
While several studies documented a positive correlation between childhood maltreatment severity and dissociation severity, it is currently unknown whether specific dissociative symptoms cluster together among individuals with childhood trauma histories ranging from none to severe. We aimed to explore symptom constellations across the whole spectrum of dissociative processing from patients with severe dissociative disorders to healthy controls and relate these to maltreatment severity and sociodemographic characteristics. We employed latent profile analysis to explore symptom profiles based on five subscales, measuring absorption, depersonalization, derealization, somatoform and identity alteration, based on the 20 items of the German short version of the Dissociative Experiences Scale-II (20) in a large aggregate sample ( = 3,128) overrepresenting patients with trauma-related disorders. We then related these profiles to maltreatment severity as measured by the five subscales of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire as well as sociodemographic characteristics. Based on the five FDS subscales, six clusters differentiated by symptom severity, but not symptom constellations, were identified. Somatoform dissociation varied in accordance with the remaining symptom clusters. The cluster with the highest overall symptom severity entailed nearly all subjects diagnosed with Dissociative Identity Disorder and was characterized by extreme levels of childhood maltreatment. Both abuse and neglect were predictive of cluster membership throughout. The higher the severity of dissociative processing in a cluster, the more subjects reported high severity and multiplicity of childhood maltreatment. However, some subjects remain resilient to the development of dissociative processing although they experience extreme childhood maltreatment.
Topics: Humans; Dissociative Disorders; Female; Male; Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Adult Survivors of Child Abuse; Middle Aged; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Child Abuse; Germany; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Child
PubMed: 38739008
DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2348345 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024Burnout is a longstanding issue among educators and has been associated with psychological and physical health problems such as depression, and insomnia.
BACKGROUND
Burnout is a longstanding issue among educators and has been associated with psychological and physical health problems such as depression, and insomnia.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence and predictors of the three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of professional accomplishment) among elementary and high school teachers.
METHODS
This is a quantitative cross-sectional study with data collected via an online survey. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator Survey (MBI-ES), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and the Perceived Stress Scale were used, respectively, to assess burnout, resilience and stress among teachers. Data was collected between September 1st, 2022 and August 30th, 2023. SPSS (version 28, IBM Corp) was used for the data analysis.
RESULTS
Overall, 1912 educators received a link to the online survey via a text message, and 780 completed the burnout survey questions, resulting in a response rate of 41%. The prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of professional accomplishment were 76.9, 23.2, and 30.8%, respectively. Participants with high-stress symptoms were 6.88 times more likely to experience emotional exhaustion (OR = 6.88; 95% CI: 3.31-14.29), 2.55 times (OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.65-3.93) more likely to experience depersonalization and 2.34 times (OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.64-3.35) more likely to experience lack of professional fulfilment. Additionally, respondents with low resilience were 3.26 times more likely to experience emotional exhaustion symptoms (OR = 3.26; 95% CI: 2.00-5.31), than those with high resilience. Males were about 2.4 times more likely to present with depersonalization compared to female teachers, whilst those who indicated their marital status as partnered or cohabiting and those who selected "other" were 3.5 and 7.3 times, respectively, more likely to present with depersonalization compared with those who were single. Finally, Physical Education were 3.8 times more likely to present with depersonalization compared with English teachers.
CONCLUSION
The current study highlights the predictive effects of low resilience and high stress on the three dimensions of burnout among teachers in Canada. Interventions aimed at addressing systemic stress and fostering resilience are needed to reduce burnout among teachers.
Topics: Humans; School Teachers; Burnout, Professional; Cross-Sectional Studies; Male; Female; Prevalence; Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Middle Aged; Canada; Resilience, Psychological; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 38737860
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1396461 -
Exploratory Research in Clinical and... Jun 2024Community pharmacists (CPs) are the most accessible healthcare professionals in primary care due to pharmacies' open-door policy and convenience, resulting in high...
INTRODUCTION
Community pharmacists (CPs) are the most accessible healthcare professionals in primary care due to pharmacies' open-door policy and convenience, resulting in high patient and prescription volumes, and numerous free-of-charge consultations. Therefore, they are at high risk for burnout.
OBJECTIVES
The primary objective of this study was to assess the levels of burnout among community pharmacists in Greece, marking the first investigation of its kind within the country. Additionally, this study aimed to explore potential correlations between demographic variables and other health-related factors with burnout scores
METHODS
This study used a quantitative cross-sectional design involving two validated questionnaires(the Greek version of Maslach (MBI) questionnaire and the SF-36 questionnaire). Prior to data collection, all the relevant documentation was approved by the Metropolitan College Research Ethics Committee and was adopted under the auspices of the Panhellenic Pharmaceutical Association. Random sampling was used. Data collection period was July to August 2022.
RESULTS
A total of 368 responses were included in the analysis, with the majority being pharmacy-owners ( = 292, 79.3%). Notably, a significant proportion of respondents were female practitioners working within community pharmacy settings ( = 230, 62.5%). Analysis revealed that the sample exhibited low levels of personal achievement (M = 30.99, SD = 6.41), high levels of emotional exhaustion (M = 41.73, SD = 6.94), and moderate levels of depersonalization (M = 23.38, SD = 3.78), indicative of substantial occupational burnout. Furthermore, gender had a discernible impact on depersonalization, with women scoring higher than men ( = -3.29, < 0.01). Pharmacists who identified medicine shortages as their primary challenge in daily practice reported lower emotional burnout and depersonalization, albeit with a diminished sense of accomplishment ( = -2.62, < 0.01.
CONCLUSIONS
This study sheds light on burnout levels and health-related quality of life among community pharmacists in Greece.
PubMed: 38726241
DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100445 -
Behavioural Neurology 2024The phenomenon of burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic is a widespread problem with several negative consequences for the healthcare system. The...
BACKGROUND
The phenomenon of burnout among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic is a widespread problem with several negative consequences for the healthcare system. The many stressors of the pandemic have led to an increased development of anxiety and depressive disorders in many healthcare workers. In addition, some manifested symptoms of the so-called postpandemic stress syndrome and the emergence of occupational burnout syndrome, commonly referred to as "COVID-19 burnout." The aim of this study was to assess the burnout and life satisfaction of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted in 2020-2022 among medical staff working in hospitals in Silesia, Poland. The instruments used to assess life satisfaction and burnout were the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DEP), and sense of reduced professional accomplishment (SRPA).
RESULTS
The study group included 900 participants. There were 300 physicians (mean age 38 ± 7 years), 300 nurses (mean age 35 ± 6 years), and 300 paramedics (mean age 31 ± 5 years). Life satisfaction as measured by the SWLS was lowest among nurses and paramedics in 2021 and among doctors in 2022. Male respondents and those with fewer years of work had higher levels of life satisfaction. People with more years of work had higher scores in EE and DEP and lower scores in SRPA ( = 0.001). We found a negative correlation between life satisfaction and EE ( = 0.001), DEP ( = 0.001), and SRPA ( = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS
The results highlight the need for further research into the causes of burnout among medical professionals and the need for effective interventions to promote well-being and prevent burnout in this group.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Burnout, Professional; Poland; Adult; Male; Female; Health Personnel; Personal Satisfaction; SARS-CoV-2; Job Satisfaction; Pandemics; Surveys and Questionnaires; Middle Aged; Nurses; Physicians
PubMed: 38725562
DOI: 10.1155/2024/9945392 -
JAMA Network Open May 2024
Topics: Humans; Burnout, Professional; Male; Female; Disabled Persons; Physicians; Middle Aged; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38722631
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.10701