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BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Surface tension and contact angle properties, which play a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of irrigation solutions in penetrating dentin surfaces and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Surface tension and contact angle properties, which play a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of irrigation solutions in penetrating dentin surfaces and dentin tubules, are highly important for the development of new irrigation solutions and their preferences. The aim of the current study was to compare the surface tension and contact angle properties of different irrigation solutions used in endodontics, both on the dentin surface and within dentin tubules.
METHODS
In this study, the contact angles and surface tensions of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 5% boric acid (BA), 0.02% hypochlorous acid (HOCl), 0.2% chlorine dioxide (ClO), Biopure MTAD, QMix solutions, and distilled water (control group) were measured. Measurements were conducted using a goniometer device (Attension Theta Lite Tensiometer, Biolin Scientific, USA), employing the sessile drop method for contact angle measurements on pre-prepared dentin surfaces, and the pendant drop method for surface tension.
RESULTS
Contact angle measurements revealed no statistically significant differences between the contact angle values of MTAD, ClO, and CHX or between NaOCl, QMix, BA, and HOCl (p > 0.05). However, EDTA exhibited a significantly greater contact angle than did MTAD, ClO, CHX, NaOCl, QMix, BA, and HOCl (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the contact angle of dentin with distilled water was greater than that with all other solutions tested (p < 0.05). Surface tension measurements revealed that the surface tension values of QMix and MTAD were statistically similar (p > 0.05). CHX exhibited lower surface tension than distilled water and HOCl (p < 0.05), and it also had lower surface tension than ClO, NaOCl, and BA (p < 0.05). Additionally, the surface tension of the samples treated with EDTA was greater than that of all other solutions tested (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The direct linear relationship between the surface tension of liquids and contact angles on different surfaces may not always hold true, and these values should be considered independently for each solution on various surfaces. Considering the contact angles and surface tension properties of irrigation solutions with root canal dentin, it can be suggested for clinical use that ClO could be recommended over NaOCl, and similarly, BA could be recommended over EDTA.
Topics: Root Canal Irrigants; Dentin; Surface Tension; Humans; Sodium Hypochlorite; Edetic Acid; Hypochlorous Acid; Surface Properties
PubMed: 38867263
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04453-w -
Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England... Jun 2024The preparation of Fe(II) complexes combining monodentate NCX (X = S or Se) and the tetradentate Schiff base chiral ligands -L and -L = (- or -L = 1,2 or...
The preparation of Fe(II) complexes combining monodentate NCX (X = S or Se) and the tetradentate Schiff base chiral ligands -L and -L = (- or -L = 1,2 or 1,2)-,-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethylen)cyclohexane-1,2-diamine in acetone results in an unexpected reaction. Thus, four enantiomerically pure compounds of formulas [Fe(-L)(NCX)] and [Fe(-L)(NCX)] (X = S or Se) are formed by the new asymmetrical ligand L. In L, one acetone solvent molecule is incorporated into the ligand forming a bond with the C atom of one of the two CN imine groups of L, which is transformed into an amine (Mannich reaction). This reaction is diastereoselective as the incorporation of acetone leads to an asymmetric C adjacent to the NH group with opposite chirality - or - to that of the cyclohexane carbons (- or -, respectively). Therefore, L contains three C chiral centers. Structural and magnetic characterization of these compounds demonstrates that they show in the bulk a gradual spin-crossover behavior and LIESST effect. Interestingly, the presence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the integrated acetone molecule and the NH group can trigger a secondary stimuli-responsive behavior in the system. Therefore, by changing the solvent polarity, the color of the complex in solution can be easily tuned.
PubMed: 38860297
DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00924j -
Amino Acids Jun 2024Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of supporting structures of teeth leading to attachment and bone loss. Cigarette smoking is the single most important and...
Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of supporting structures of teeth leading to attachment and bone loss. Cigarette smoking is the single most important and modifiable risk factor with 5 to 20-fold susceptibility for periodontal diseases. Reverse smoking is a peculiar habit of smoking where the lit end is kept inside the mouth, which is predominant in the northern coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh. Polyamines are biologically active amines involved in tissue regeneration and modulation of inflammation. The study aimed to evaluate polyamines and check their utility as a marker in detection of periodontitis among different groups. Total polyamine levels showed significant increase in reverse smokers with periodontitis when compared to the other groups. Qualitative analysis by thin layer chromatography showed three polyamine bands with varying intensity among the different groups. Mass spectrometric and NMR analyses of the three bands identified them as N1, N8-diacetyl spermidine, N-acetyl cadaverine and lysine. Most significantly elevated levels of lysine was observed in the smoker and reverse smoker periodontitis groups when compared to healthy and non-smoker periodontitis groups. The significantly elevated levels of N-acetyl cadaverine could be responsible for the more destruction of periodontium in the reverse smoker group. Antioxidant potential decreased significantly in different smoker periodontitis groups. The present study suggests that the quantitative analysis of salivary polyamines, lysine and N-acetyl cadaverine can aid as an easy noninvasive diagnostic method for assessing the periodontal status, especially in smokers.
Topics: Humans; Periodontitis; Cadaverine; Biomarkers; Lysine; Adult; Male; Smokers; Female; Middle Aged; Smoking; Saliva
PubMed: 38851640
DOI: 10.1007/s00726-024-03396-4 -
Journal of Environmental Management Jul 2024Conventional methods of metal recovery involving solvents have raised environmental concerns. To address these concerns and promote sustainable resource recovery, we...
Conventional methods of metal recovery involving solvents have raised environmental concerns. To address these concerns and promote sustainable resource recovery, we explored the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) and chelating agents (CA) as more environmentally friendly alternatives. Goethite and blast oxide slag dust (BOS-D) from heap piles at their respective sites and characterised via ICP-MS. The greatest extraction of critical metals was from goethite, removing 38% of all metals compared to 21% from the blast oxide slag. Among the tested CA, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) was the most effective, while for DES, choline chloride ethylene glycol (ChCl-EG) demonstrated superior performance in extracting metals from both blast oxide slag dust and goethite. The study further highlighted the selectivity for transition metals and metalloids was influenced by the carboxyl groups of DES. Alkaline metals and rare earth lanthanides extractions were favoured with DES due to improved mass transfer and increased denticity, respectively. In comparison to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), typically used for metal extraction, CA and DES showed comparable extraction efficiency for Fe, Cu, Pb, Li, Al, Mn, and Ni. Using these greener chelators and solvents for metal extraction show significant promise in enhancing the sustainability of solvometallurgy. Additional conditions e.g., temperature and agitation combined with a cascading leaching process could further enhance metal extraction potential.
Topics: Chelating Agents; Edetic Acid; Metals; Deep Eutectic Solvents; Solvents
PubMed: 38850901
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121350 -
Heliyon Jun 2024Shenfu (SF) injection, a traditional Chinese medication, would improve microcirculation in cardiogenic shock and infectious shock. This study was aimed to explore the...
BACKGROUND
Shenfu (SF) injection, a traditional Chinese medication, would improve microcirculation in cardiogenic shock and infectious shock. This study was aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of the SF injection in gut ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury after severe hemorrhagic shock (SHS) and resuscitation. Furthermore, we also investigated the optimal adm? inistration timing.
METHODS
Twenty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham group (sham, n = 6), Control group (n = 6), SF injection group (SF, n = 6), and Delayed Shenfu injection administration group (SF-delay, n = 6). In SHS and resuscitation model, rats were induced by blood draw to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 40 ± 5 mmHg within 1 h and then maintained for 40 min; HR, MAP 'were recorded, microcirculation index [De Backer score, perfused small vessel density (PSVD), total vessel density (TVD), microcirculation flow index score (MFI), flow heterogeneity index (HI)] were analyzed. The blood gas index was detected, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), diamine oxidase (DAO), malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by ELISA; ZO-1, and claudin-1 were measured by Western blotting. In addition, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and periodic acid schiff (PAS) staining pathological sections of the intestinal mucosal tissues were also performed.
RESULTS
SF injection increased the MAP, relieved the metabolic acidosis degree associated with the hypoperfusion, and improved the intestinal microcirculatory density and perfusion quality after I/R injury. The expression of DAO, MDA in intestinal tissue, and plasma IL-6, TNF-α significantly decreased in the SF injection group compared to the control group. The concentration of ZO-1 and claudin-1 is also higher in the SF injection group. In addition, the HE and PAS staining results also showed that SF injection could decrease mucosal damage and maintain the structure. In the SF-delay group, the degree of intestinal tissue damage was intermediate between that of the control group and SF injection group.
CONCLUSIONS
SF injection protect the intestine from I/R injury induced by SHS and resuscitation, the mechanism of which might be through improving intestinal microcirculation, reducing the excessive release of inflammatory factors and increasing intestinal mucosal permeability. Furthermore, the protection effect is more pronounced if administration during the initial resuscitation phase.
PubMed: 38845930
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31377 -
Biological Procedures Online Jun 2024It is necessary to develop advanced therapies utilizing natural ingredients with anti-inflammatory qualities in order to lessen the negative effects of chemotherapeutics.
Investigating the Anti-inflammatory Effect of Quinoline Derivative: N1-(5-methyl-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolin-11-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Hydrochloride Loaded Soluble Starch Nanoparticles Against Methotrexate-induced Inflammation in Experimental Model.
BACKGROUND
It is necessary to develop advanced therapies utilizing natural ingredients with anti-inflammatory qualities in order to lessen the negative effects of chemotherapeutics.
RESULTS
The bioactive N1-(5-methyl-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolin-11-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine hydrochloride (NIQBD) was synthesized. After that, soluble starch nanoparticles (StNPs) was used as a carrier for the synthesized NIQBD with different concentrations (50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg). The obtained StNPs loaded with different concentrations of NIQBD were coded as StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3. It was observed that, StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3 exhibited an average size of 246, 300, and 328 nm, respectively. Additionally, they also formed with homogeneity particles as depicted from polydispersity index values (PDI). The PDI values of StNPs-1, StNPs-2, and StNPs-3 are 0.298, 0.177, and 0.262, respectively. In vivo investigation of the potential properties of the different concentrations of StNPs loaded with NIQBD against MTX-induced inflammation in the lung and liver showed a statistically substantial increase in levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) accompanied by a significant decrease in levels of oxidants such as malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), matrix metalloproteinase 9/Gelatinase B (MMP-9), and levels of inflammatory mediators including interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in both lung and liver tissues, and a significant decrease in levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) compared to the MTX-induced inflammation group. The highly significant results were obtained by treatment with a concentration of 200 mg/mL. Histopathological examination supported these results, where treatment showed minimal inflammatory infiltration and congestion in lung tissue, a mildly congested central vein, and mild activation of Kupffer cells in liver tissues.
CONCLUSION
Combining the treatment of MTX with natural antioxidant supplements may help reducing the associated oxidation and inflammation.
PubMed: 38831428
DOI: 10.1186/s12575-024-00240-7 -
Communications Biology Jun 2024Ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death, plays a vital role in both tumor proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy. Here, our study...
Ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death, plays a vital role in both tumor proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy. Here, our study demonstrates that MAX's Next Tango (MNT), by involving itself in the spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1)-related ferroptosis pathway, promotes the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells and diminishes their sensitivity to chemotherapy. Initially, an RNA-sequence screen of LUAD cells treated with ferroptosis inducers (FINs) reveals a significant increase in MNT expression, suggesting a potential link between MNT and ferroptosis. Overexpression of MNT in LUAD cells hinders changes associated with ferroptosis. Moreover, the upregulation of MNT promotes cell proliferation and suppresses chemotherapy sensitivity, while the knockdown of MNT has the opposite effect. Through the intersection of ChIP-Seq and ferroptosis-associated gene sets, and validation by qPCR and western blot, SAT1 is identified as a potential target of MNT. Subsequently, we demonstrate that MNT binds to the promoter sequence of SAT1 and suppresses its transcription by ChIP-qPCR and dual luciferase assays. Restoration of SAT1 levels antagonizes the efficacy of MNT to inhibit ferroptosis and chemosensitivity and promote cell growth in vitro as well as in vivo. In the clinical context, MNT expression is elevated in LUAD and is inversely connected with SAT1 expression. High MNT expression is also associated with poor patient survival. Our research reveals that MNT inhibits ferroptosis, and impairing chemotherapy effectiveness of LUAD.
Topics: Ferroptosis; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma of Lung; Acetyltransferases; Mice; Cell Line, Tumor; Animals; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Mice, Nude; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Cell Proliferation; Antineoplastic Agents; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Female; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Male
PubMed: 38831092
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06373-5 -
Heliyon May 2024Ensuring the rapidity and accuracy of emergency laboratory test results is especially important to save the lives of patients with acute and critical conditions. To...
BACKGROUND
Ensuring the rapidity and accuracy of emergency laboratory test results is especially important to save the lives of patients with acute and critical conditions. To better meet the needs of clinicians and patients, detection efficiency can be improved by reducing extra-laboratory sample turnaround times (TATs) through the use of innovative pneumatic tube system (PTS) transport for sample transport. However, concerns remain regarding the potential compromise of sample quality during PTS transit relative to that occurring with manual transportation. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of an innovative PTS (Tempus600 PTS) relative to a traditional PTS in terms of sample transit time, sample quality, and the concordance of analytical results with those obtained from manually transported samples.
METHODS
In total, 30 healthy volunteers aged >18 years were recruited for this study, conducted for five consecutive days. Venous blood samples were collected from six volunteers per day at fixed timepoints. From each volunteer, nine blood samples were collected into tubes with tripotassium ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid anticoagulant, tubes with 3.2 % sodium citrate, and serum tubes with separation gel ( = 3 each) and subjected to all tests conducted in the emergency laboratory in our hospital. 270 blood samples from 30 healthy volunteers were transported and analyzed, yielding 6300 test results. The blood samples were divided randomly into three groups (each containing one tube of each type) and transported to the emergency laboratory manually and with Tempus600 PTS and conventional Swisslog PTS, respectively. The extra-laboratory TATs, sample quality, and test results of the transported blood samples were compared.
RESULTS
The sample quality and test results did not differ according to the delivery method. The TAT was much shorter with the Tempus600 than with the other two transport modes (58.40 ± 1.52 s vs. 1711.20 ± 77.56 s for manual delivery and 146.60 ± 1.82 s for the Swisslog PTS; = 0.002).
CONCLUSION
Blood sample transport with the Tempus600 PTS significantly reduced the extra-laboratory TAT without compromising sample quality or test result accuracy, thereby improving the efficiency of sample analysis and the services provided to clinicians and patients.
PubMed: 38826741
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31511 -
F1000Research 2023Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a potentially malignant disorder, is developed by progressive fibrous tissue deposition in connective tissue along with atrophy of oral...
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a potentially malignant disorder, is developed by progressive fibrous tissue deposition in connective tissue along with atrophy of oral mucosa. Histological sections also show the mast cell infiltration in submucosa which may indicate their possible role in this entity. Abundant availability of biochemicals in mast cells like histamine and serine proteases like chymase may be released and play specific pathways in the disease pathophysiology. Possibly, if the histamine release has some part to play, diamine oxidase may also be found to have a relationship as it metabolizes histamine. The present study is proposed to identify the presence of chymase, histamine, and diamine oxidase in both, serum as well as tissue by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) respectively. This study may provide probable insight into the mast cell-related chemicals and their association with OSMF.
Topics: Mast Cells; Humans; Oral Submucous Fibrosis; Immunohistochemistry; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Histamine; Male; Chymases; Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); Adult; Female; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa
PubMed: 38826574
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.141179.3 -
RSC Advances May 2024GalNAc-conjugated siRNA has shown remarkable potential in liver-targeted delivery in recent years. In general, tetrahydroxymethylmethane or other branching clusters...
GalNAc-conjugated siRNA has shown remarkable potential in liver-targeted delivery in recent years. In general, tetrahydroxymethylmethane or other branching clusters constitute the basis of GalNAc's structure, which yields trivalent or tetravalent ligands. A novel diamine-scaffold GalNAc conjugate was synthesized and evaluated for its efficiency in siRNA administration. It exhibits comparable siRNA delivery effectiveness to a GalNAc NAG37 phase II clinical drug candidate targeting ANGPTL3. In addition, it exhibits more powerful silencing activity when connected to the 3'-end of the sense strand with an additional PS-linkage instead of a PO linkage between the ligand and the oligomer compared to a GalNAc L96 standard targeting TTR. Taken together, the incorporation of a diamine-scaffold into the GalNAc conjugate structure has potential in the field of gene therapy.
PubMed: 38818366
DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03023k