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Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... 2013Malassezia pachydermatis is associated with dermatomycoses and otomycosis in dogs and cats. This study compared the susceptibility of M. pachydermatis isolates from sick...
Malassezia pachydermatis is associated with dermatomycoses and otomycosis in dogs and cats. This study compared the susceptibility of M. pachydermatis isolates from sick (G1) and healthy (G2) animals to azole and polyene antifungals using the M27-A3 protocol. Isolates from G1 animals were less sensitive to amphotericin B, nystatin, fluconazole, clotrimazole and miconazole.
PubMed: 24159302
DOI: 10.1590/S1517-83822013005000009 -
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... 2013The oral microbiota of humans and animals is made up of a wide variety of yeasts and bacteria, but microbiota of dogs is not totally described. Although such...
The oral microbiota of humans and animals is made up of a wide variety of yeasts and bacteria, but microbiota of dogs is not totally described. Although such identification is an important step to establish the etiopathogenesis and adequate therapy for the periodontal disease The aim of this study was to evaluate and correlate oral alterations with the presence of yeasts in oral cavity of female dogs. After clinical evaluation samples from healthy and from dogs with oral diseases were obtained from three different oral sites by swabs, curettes, millimeter periodontal probes and HA membrane tip in cellulose ester. Yeast identification was performed through macroscopic and microscopic colony features and biochemical tests. Dental calculus was the most prevalent occurrence in the oral cavity of 59 females. However, the isolation of yeasts was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in animals suffering from halitosis. Eleven yeast species were identified, namely: Malassezia pachydermatis, Rhodotorula spp., Candida albicans, C. catenulata, C. famata, C. guilliermondii, C. parapsilosis, C. intermedia, Trichosporon asahii, T. mucoides and Cryptococcus albidus. It could be concluded that the yeasts are part of the microbiota from the different sites of the oral cavity of the female canines studied without causing any significant alterations except halitosis.
PubMed: 24159296
DOI: 10.1590/S1517-83822013005000018 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Apr 2014The mortality associated with invasive fungal infections remains high with that involving rare yeast pathogens other than Candida being no exception. This is in part due...
The mortality associated with invasive fungal infections remains high with that involving rare yeast pathogens other than Candida being no exception. This is in part due to the severe underlying conditions typically predisposing patients to these healthcare-related infections (most often severe neutropenia in patients with haematological malignancies), and in part due to the often challenging intrinsic susceptibility pattern of the pathogens that potentially leads to delayed appropriate antifungal treatment. A panel of experts of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Fungal Infection Study Group (EFISG) and the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) undertook a data review and compiled guidelines for the diagnostic tests and procedures for detection and management of rare invasive yeast infections. The rare yeast pathogens were defined and limited to the following genera/species: Cryptococcus adeliensis, Cryptococcus albidus, Cryptococcus curvatus, Cryptococcus flavescens, Cryptococcus laurentii and Cryptococcus uniguttulatus (often published under the name Filobasidium uniguttulatum), Malassezia furfur, Malassezia globosa, Malassezia pachydermatis and Malassezia restricta, Pseudozyma spp., Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula minuta and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Sporobolomyces spp., Trichosporon asahii, Trichosporon asteroides, Trichosporon dermatis, Trichosporon inkin, Trichosporon jirovecii, Trichosporon loubieri, Trichosporon mucoides and Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans and ascomycetous ones: Geotrichum candidum, Kodamaea ohmeri, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (incl. S. boulardii) and Saprochaete capitatae (Magnusiomyces (Blastoschizomyces) capitatus formerly named Trichosporon capitatum or Geotrichum (Dipodascus) capitatum) and Saprochaete clavata. Recommendations about the microbiological investigation and detection of invasive infection were made and current knowledge on the most appropriate antifungal and supportive treatment was reviewed. In addition, remarks about antifungal susceptibility testing were made.
Topics: Humans; Mycoses; Rare Diseases
PubMed: 24102785
DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12360 -
Medical Mycology Journal 2013Malassezia pachydermatis is the major species in Malassezia isolated from dogs, and there is a presumably Malassezia-associated skin disease,"Malassezia dermatitis" in... (Review)
Review
Malassezia pachydermatis is the major species in Malassezia isolated from dogs, and there is a presumably Malassezia-associated skin disease,"Malassezia dermatitis" in the dog. The skin lesion is characterized by relatively demarcated erythema with some scaling at the sebum-rich areas, in which lichenification and hyperpigmentation could be involved in the chronic stage. The clinical features suggest that it corresponds to seborrheic dermatitis in humans. Hence, it might be possible to identify essential pathogenesis of the disease by clarifying its differences in humans and animals as a shared disease.
Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Dermatomycoses; Detergents; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Humans; Ketoconazole; Malassezia; Miconazole; Skin; Zoonoses
PubMed: 23470954
DOI: 10.3314/mmj.54.45 -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Jul 2013Isolates of the yeast Malassezia pachydermatis obtained from skin samples of healthy dogs and of dogs with atopic dermatitis in Japan, Taiwan and Korea were molecularly...
Isolates of the yeast Malassezia pachydermatis obtained from skin samples of healthy dogs and of dogs with atopic dermatitis in Japan, Taiwan and Korea were molecularly characterized using intergenic pacer 1 (IGS1) region analysis. The percentage of IGS1 subtype isolates detected in healthy skin was as follows: 1A (6%), 1B (27%), 1C (11%), 2A (6%), 2B (6%), 3A (11%), 3B (6%), 3C (3%) and 3D (24%). In contrast, the most prevalent isolates detected in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis were subtype 3D in Japan and Taiwan and subtype 3C in Korea. All subtype isolates grew well on acidic medium (pH 6). However, subtype 3C and 3D isolates grew better than the other subtype isolates on medium at pH 8.
Topics: Animals; Basidiomycota; Computational Biology; DNA Primers; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dermatomycoses; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Genotype; Japan; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prevalence; Republic of Korea; Species Specificity; Taiwan
PubMed: 23411408
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0372 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Feb 2013There is emerging evidence for the presence of an extensive microbiota in human lungs. It is not known whether variations in the prevalence of species of microbiota in...
BACKGROUND
There is emerging evidence for the presence of an extensive microbiota in human lungs. It is not known whether variations in the prevalence of species of microbiota in the lungs may have aetiological significance in respiratory conditions such as asthma. The aim of the study was to undertake semi-quantitative analysis of the differences in fungal species in pooled sputum samples from asthma patients and controls.
METHODS
Induced sputum samples were collected in a case control study of asthma patients and control subjects drawn from the community in Wandsworth, London. Samples from both groups were pooled and then tested for eukaryotes. DNA was amplified using standard PCR techniques, followed by pyrosequencing and comparison of reads to databases of known sequences to determine in a semi-quantitative way the percentage of DNA from known species in each of the two pooled samples.
RESULTS
A total of 136 fungal species were identified in the induced sputum samples, with 90 species more common in asthma patients and 46 species more common in control subjects. Psathyrella candolleana, Malassezia pachydermatis, Termitomyces clypeatus and Grifola sordulenta showed a higher percentage of reads in the sputum of asthma patients and Eremothecium sinecaudum, Systenostrema alba, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Vanderwaltozyma polyspora showed a higher percentage of reads in the sputum of control subjects. A statistically significant difference in the pattern of fungi that were present in the respective samples was demonstrated using the Phylogenetic (P) test (P < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
This study is novel in providing evidence for the widespread nature of fungi in the sputum of healthy and asthmatic individuals. Differences in the pattern of fungi present in asthma patients and controls merit further investigation. Of particular interest was the presence of Malassezia pachydermatis, which is known to be associated with atopic dermatitis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Asthma; Case-Control Studies; DNA, Fungal; Female; Fungi; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sputum; Young Adult
PubMed: 23384395
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-69 -
Medical Mycology Journal 2011The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of a traditional medicine containing 17 components against 9 strains of Trichophyton verrucosum and 13 strains of Malassezia...
The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of a traditional medicine containing 17 components against 9 strains of Trichophyton verrucosum and 13 strains of Malassezia pachydermatis was determined using a method recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI). We also measured the MIC of each of the 17 components using the same method, and identified the main antifungal components.In order to evaluate MIC as a parameter of the antifungal effects using the microdilution method, we prepared 10% working solutions from 10% (w/v)medicines. The geometric mean MIC of the medicinal extract against T. verrucosum was 2.51%, and that against M. pachydermatis was 2.25%. The components that exhibited antifungal effects were Rheum palmatum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Magnolia obovata, Phellodendron amurense, and Geranium thunbergii.
Topics: Animals; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Malassezia; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Trichophyton
PubMed: 21891983
DOI: 10.3314/mmj.52.213 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Sep 2011A 67-year-old man, with multiple skin lesions that appeared over 2 years, had biopsies that disclosed granulomatous dermatitis with associated small yeasts. The urinary... (Review)
Review
A 67-year-old man, with multiple skin lesions that appeared over 2 years, had biopsies that disclosed granulomatous dermatitis with associated small yeasts. The urinary antigen test results were negative for Histoplasma infection; cultures from the biopsies did not grow any fungi or other potential pathogens. The chest roentgenogram results were normal. Morphologic examination revealed features of a Malassezia species. Broad-range fungal polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing disclosed that the infecting fungus was Malassezia sympodialis , a lipid-dependent yeast. This report supports one other case report that Malassezia species may cause granulomatous dermatitis; in the previous case, the etiologic agent was Malassezia pachydermatis , a nonlipid-dependent species. We recommend the use of lipid-supplemented culture media for specimens from patients with granulomatous dermatitis because several Malassezia species are dependent on lipid; the absence of lipid supplementation in routine cultures likely explains the negative culture results for this patient. This, to our knowledge, is the first report of granulomatous dermatitis caused by M sympodialis.
Topics: Aged; Biopsy; Dermatitis; Dermatomycoses; Granuloma; Humans; Malassezia; Male; Skin
PubMed: 21877990
DOI: 10.5858/2010-0588-CRR.1 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Aug 2010IgG immunoreactivity to Malassezia pachydermatis was compared in atopic and non-atopic dogs. Malassezia pachydermatis proteins with a molecular weight of 98 kDa were... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
IgG immunoreactivity to Malassezia pachydermatis was compared in atopic and non-atopic dogs. Malassezia pachydermatis proteins with a molecular weight of 98 kDa were recognized at a significantly higher frequency in the sera of atopic dogs. Most of the atopic dogs with Malassezia dermatitis had a greater IgG response than did normal dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dermatitis, Atopic; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunoglobulin G; Malassezia; Male
PubMed: 21037887
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de... 2009The present study had the aim of testing the hexane and methanol extracts of avocado seeds, in order to determine their toxicity towards Artemia salina, evaluate their...
The present study had the aim of testing the hexane and methanol extracts of avocado seeds, in order to determine their toxicity towards Artemia salina, evaluate their larvicidal activity towards Aedes aegypti and investigate their in vitro antifungal potential against strains of Candida spp, Cryptococcus neoformans and Malassezia pachydermatis through the microdilution technique. In toxicity tests on Artemia salina, the hexane and methanol extracts from avocado seeds showed LC50 values of 2.37 and 24.13 mg mL-1 respectively. Against Aedes aegypti larvae, the LC50 results obtained were 16.7 mg mL-1 for hexane extract and 8.87 mg mL-1 for methanol extract from avocado seeds. The extracts tested were also active against all the yeast strains tested in vitro, with differing results such that the minimum inhibitory concentration of the hexane extract ranged from 0.625 to 1.25mg L-(1), from 0.312 to 0.625 mg mL-1 and from 0.031 to 0.625 mg mL-1, for the strains of Candida spp, Cryptococcus neoformans and Malassezia pachydermatis, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration for the methanol extract ranged from 0.125 to 0.625 mg mL-1, from 0.08 to 0.156 mg mL-1 and from 0.312 to 0.625 mg mL-1, for the strains of Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans and Malassezia pachydermatis, respectively.
Topics: Aedes; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Artemia; Candida; Cryptococcus neoformans; Larva; Lethal Dose 50; Malassezia; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mitosporic Fungi; Persea; Seeds
PubMed: 19448924
DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822009000200003