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Appetite May 2024Epidemiological data regarding the evolution of problems related to mastication and swallowing with age are lacking. This study aims to (i) describe changes in oral...
OBJECTIVES
Epidemiological data regarding the evolution of problems related to mastication and swallowing with age are lacking. This study aims to (i) describe changes in oral function with age, using data from a large French population, (ii) validate online, self-report uses of an ICF questionnaire in older persons, and (iii) assess whether impairment is related to avoidance of certain foods, xerostomia, body mass index (BMI) and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL).
METHODS
Volunteers aged ≥18 years with internet access completed a series of questionnaires on sociodemographic, anthropometric and oral health characteristics (oral function, Xerostomia Index (XI), OHRQoL, reasons for avoidance of certain food). Oral function was assessed using items derived from the International Classification of Functioning (ICF). Five ICF items related to ingestion function and six items related to activities and participation were used. A validation study was undertaken to identify those with poor chewing ability and low salivary flow amongst older participants reporting impairment.
FINDINGS
39 597 individuals were included. The prevalence of individuals with impairment for ICF items related to ingestion function and oral activity (eating, drinking and speaking), and the percentage of participants with poor OHRQoL increased significantly with age (p < 0.001). Each ICF item was significantly associated with OHRQoL (p < 0.001), XI (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001) and avoidance of certain food due to chewing or swallowing difficulties.
CONCLUSION
Overall, 21.5% and 13.5% of the study population had chewing and/or biting impairments respectively, which might affect food selection and consumption. These findings raise individual and population-based issues. Further studies are needed to assess whether impairment in oral function might increase frailty in older individuals, and also to compare data with those from other countries.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Quality of Life; Oral Health; Mastication; Food; Xerostomia
PubMed: 38452933
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107287 -
Unveiling the Influence of the Curve of Spee on Bite Force and Chewing Ability: A Comparative Study.International Journal of Clinical... 2024To investigate the impact of the curve of Spee (CS) accentuation on bite force, chewing ability, and additionally, other factors that influence chewing ability and bite...
AIM
To investigate the impact of the curve of Spee (CS) accentuation on bite force, chewing ability, and additionally, other factors that influence chewing ability and bite force such as restorations, caries, gender, habits, and TMJ problems.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
231 participants (118 male and 113 female, mean age = ±27.96 years) were recruited for this cross-section study. Participants completed a data collection sheet in which age, gender, Angle's classification of malocclusion, overjet, overbite, TMJ problems, habits, restorations, and caries experience were recorded. Two examiners made a lower impression, chewing ability test and measured the bite force for each participant. Measurement of the CS was obtained digitally from the poured dental cast, and the categorization was as follows: flat (<1 mm), normal (1-2 mm), or deep (>2 mm).
RESULTS
The mean maximum bite force (MBF) was 468.722 N for participants with flat CS, 389.822 N for normal CS, 647.08 N for deep CS, and 384.667 N for reverse CS. The average MBF was higher for participants with deep CS ( < 0.05). MBF force was higher in males. However, BMI was not significantly related to MBF values. Participants with normal and flat CS have comparable chewing capacity ( > 0.05). Also, a significant difference in bite force and chewing ability was found between the three categories of CS ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Bite force variations across various CS types were linked to gender and habits. Chewing ability showed no differences concerning gender, habits, TMJ problems, caries, or restorations, emphasizing CS's significant impact on bite force while showcasing the unchanged nature of chewing ability amidst diverse factors.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Bite Force; Mastication; Cross-Sectional Studies
PubMed: 38420595
DOI: 10.1155/2024/6533841 -
Molecular and Clinical Oncology Apr 2024Secondary trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is caused by identifiable diseases or lesions of the trigeminal nerve root, Gasserian ganglion and/or pons. TN is a neuropathic pain...
Secondary trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is caused by identifiable diseases or lesions of the trigeminal nerve root, Gasserian ganglion and/or pons. TN is a neuropathic pain disorder characterized by electric shock-like or stabbing pain in the facial region, which can lead to impaired health-related quality of life. The present case report describes a rare case of secondary TN caused by trigeminal nerve metastases from lung adenocarcinoma, in which opioids provided symptomatic relief. The patient was a 46-year-old man with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma. They were admitted to hospital for the introduction of fifth-line chemotherapy because of previous chemotherapy-refractory disease progression. Electric shock-like or stabbing pain in the left facial area and bilateral auditory disturbances coincided with intracranial peri-brainstem metastases. Facial pain was triggered by mastication, making it difficult for the patient to eat. A fentanyl transdermal patch (25 mcg/h) was initiated following a diagnosis of TN secondary to lung adenocarcinoma metastases on the trigeminal nerves by magnetic resonance imaging. Subsequently, the facial pain improved rapidly. In conclusion, unlike classic and idiopathic TN, which is usually treated with carbamazepine as a first-line drug, oncologic secondary TN can be treated with opioids.
PubMed: 38414511
DOI: 10.3892/mco.2024.2724 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2024Khat chewing is a deep-rooted socio-cultural tradition that affects appetite, gastric emptying, and food intake, ultimately influencing nutritional status. Moreover,...
Khat chewing is a deep-rooted socio-cultural tradition that affects appetite, gastric emptying, and food intake, ultimately influencing nutritional status. Moreover, there is significant variation in lifestyles and ways of living among khat chewing and non-chewing people. However, there is limited evidence on the disaggregated determinants of undernutrition among khat chewers and non-chewers in Ethiopia. A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted with 253 Khat-chewing and 249 non-chewing male adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Weight and height were measured under standard procedure and used to calculate the body mass index (BMI < 18.5 kg/m indicates undernutrition). Variables with p-values below 0.25 in the bi-variable analysis were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model to identify factors associated with undernutrition and to control confounding respectively. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to declare the presence and the strength of association between the independent and outcome variable. Statistical significance was declared at a p value of 0.05. In this study, a total of 138 (27.5%: 23.6-31.6%) adult males were undernourished; among them, 78 (32.0%) were khat chewers and 60 (23.9%) were non chewers. Christian religion (AOR = 1.49; 1.02-2.30), vegetable consumption (AOR = 1.69; 95% CI 1.12-2.55) and khat chewing (AOR = 1.60; 1.04-2.45) were independent risk factors for undernutrition. However, none of the above factors showed a statistically significant association among non-khat chewer male adults. In conclusion, undernutrition was a public health concern in male adults in the study area. Frequent consumption of fruits, vegetables and family size of the households were the independent predictors of undernutrition. The practical implication of identifying risk factors of undernutrition among chewers and non-chewers could be helpful in depicting the relevant risk factors by exposure category and helping to further refine intervention packages. In addition, focusing on interventions which can increase the availability and accessibility of fruits and vegetables are important to improve the nutritional status of adult male populations.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Catha; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ethiopia; Mastication; Malnutrition
PubMed: 38409396
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54471-5 -
Journal of Ayub Medical College,... 2023Preventing tooth loss is of utmost importance in maintaining optimal mastication, phonation, and aesthetics. Most commonly, pulpitis occurs as a result of caries, while... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Preventing tooth loss is of utmost importance in maintaining optimal mastication, phonation, and aesthetics. Most commonly, pulpitis occurs as a result of caries, while trauma less frequently causes it. In both cases, it can lead to unbearable pain. To alleviate this pain and preserve the tooth without resorting to extraction, root canal treatment is indicated. To compare the radiographic quality of root canal filling sealing achieved with the Obtura II system and the cold lateral condensation technique.
METHODS
This randomized clinical trial was conducted at the School of Dentistry with a total of 260 participants. The study focused on single-rooted teeth that required endodontic treatment. Group A was assigned the cold lateral condensation, while Group B received obturation using the Obtura II system. A radiographic assessment was performed to evaluate the presence of voids and the extent of extension at the apex in both groups. The chi-square test was utilized to compare the occurrence of voids and the extent of extension between the two groups.
RESULTS
In the Cold Lateral Compaction cold lateral condensation group, 113 cases (86.92%) achieved optimum extension, while in the Obtura II group, 114 cases (87.69%) achieved the same. A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of extension (p=0.033). Although the difference in extension quality was not statistically significant, it is worth noting that the Obtura II group had a higher incidence of overextension. The cold lateral condensation group had 104 cases (80.00%) with no voids, whereas the Obtura II group had 121 cases (93.08%) without voids. A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the presence of voids (p=0.004).
CONCLUSIONS
Obtura II exhibits a denser sealing and fewer voids compared to the cold lateral condensation technique. However, Obtura II showed a slightly higher tendency to extend beyond the apex compared to the CLC technique.
Topics: Humans; Pain; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Obturation
PubMed: 38406949
DOI: 10.55519/JAMC-04-12276 -
Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery 2023COVID-19 has led to a resurgence in cases of mucormycosis, especially the rhino-orbital form affecting the oral cavity, nasal, orbital and cerebral regions.
RATIONALE
COVID-19 has led to a resurgence in cases of mucormycosis, especially the rhino-orbital form affecting the oral cavity, nasal, orbital and cerebral regions.
PATIENT CONCERNS
The surgical treatment in this patient led to the exenteration of orbital contents and segmental maxillectomy of the affected side leading to facial disfigurement and inability to masticate.
DIAGNOSIS
A combined mucormycosis-associated oro-orbital defect was present leading to a communication between oral and orbital cavities.
TREATMENT
Rehabilitation utilising digital technology for removable prosthesis was planned for the combined orbital and oral defect.
OUTCOMES
The independent intraoral and orbital prosthesis reduced the mobility of the orbital prosthesis while performing functional movements. The advancements in digital technology led to the convenient and resilient fabrication of prostheses for large facial defects.
TAKE-AWAY LESSONS
The prosthetic rehabilitation of a continuous orbital and oral defect with a hybrid of both digital and conventional means provided an aesthetic, feasible and financially sound solution to the patient.
PubMed: 38405554
DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_54_23 -
Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery 2023Osseous dysplasia (OD) is a benign fibro-osseous lesion classified as periapical, focal or florid with some rare cases being diagnosed as expansive OD.
RATIONALE
Osseous dysplasia (OD) is a benign fibro-osseous lesion classified as periapical, focal or florid with some rare cases being diagnosed as expansive OD.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 43-year-old female presented with gross mandible expansion and tooth displacement.
DIAGNOSIS
Imaging scans revealed an expansive lesion in the anterior mandible, with varying opacity in the central region, and other smaller lesions in the region of teeth #37 and #47, consistent with expansive OD.
TREATMENT
Surgical resection followed by immediate reconstruction of the mandibular defect using a microvascularized fibular graft.
OUTCOMES
The patient had a 4-year follow-up, with adequate mandibular bone continuity, mastication, swallowing, and speaking ability reestablished.
TAKE-AWAY LESSONS
Immediate reconstruction after large surgical resection is required as tissues retract over time, hampering late reconstructions. Microvascularized fibular graft aims at adequate and functional rehabilitation with osseointegrated implants and long-term follow-up is needed as florid OD may evolve into expansive OD.
PubMed: 38405551
DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_63_23