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Nutrition Research and Practice Apr 2024The purpose of this study was to establish a fruit-cooking method suitable for older adults with masticatory dysfunction.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to establish a fruit-cooking method suitable for older adults with masticatory dysfunction.
MATERIALS/METHODS
Five types of fruits were selected to make fruit jelly and puree: apple, sweet persimmon, mandarin, Korean melon, and watermelon. Recipes were selected based on the Korean Industrial Standard (KS) for senior-friendly foods (KS H 4897), which classifies foods into 3 levels (L1-L3) based on their hardness and viscosity.
RESULTS
In South Korea, senior-friendly foods are classified into 3 stages based on their hardness. Stage 1 is for foods that are able to eat with teeth (hardness greater than 50,000 N and less than 500,000 N), Stage 2 is for foods that are able to eat with gums (hardness greater than 20,000 N and less than 50,000 N), and Stage 3 is for foods that are able to eat with the tongue (hardness less than 20,000 N). As a result of measuring the hardness by varying the shape of the fruit, it was found that nearly all fruits could be eaten fresh by chewing with the teeth (L1) but did not meet the KS for mastication using the gums (L2) or tongue (L3), so the cooking method was selected as fruit jelly and fruit puree. Only sweet persimmon, which had a hardness of 61,624-496,393 N, was not suitable for consumption in fresh fruit, unprocessed form. Based on their hardness measurements, fruit jellies (27,869 to 36,343 N) and fruit purees (315 to 1,156 N) met the L2 and L3 requirements, respectively. The viscosity results of all fruit purees met the L3 requirement.
CONCLUSION
These results offer a simple cooking method to prepare texture-modified fruits suitable for safe consumption by older adults living with masticatory difficulties in general households and nursing facilities.
PubMed: 38584816
DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.2.223 -
International Dental Journal Jun 2024This study aimed to examine the effect of subjective masticatory function on the occurrence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by analysing the Korean Longitudinal Study...
AIM
This study aimed to examine the effect of subjective masticatory function on the occurrence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by analysing the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) data.
METHODS
The study participants were 2954 KLoSA participants aged 60 years or older in the first wave (2006) who had normal cognitive function. The subjective masticatory function was determined using a survey item, and the responses were grouped into 3 categories, ie, good, moderate, and poor. The occurrence of MCI in the 3 groups was followed up until 2020. Cognitive function was assessed based on the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination score. Age, sex, education level, residence, health insurance type, smoking status, drinking status, and the number of chronic diseases were considered as potential confounders. To examine the occurrence of MCI according to subjective masticatory function, Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed.
RESULTS
Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for confounders yielded the following results: in men, the risk of MCI was higher in those whose subjective masticatory function was moderate and poor, as compared to those with good subjective masticatory function (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.58; aHR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.04-1.46). In contrast, in women, subjective masticatory function did not significantly influence the occurrence of MCI (aHR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.89-1.24; aHR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.92-1.28).
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that poor masticatory function may be a risk factor for MCI in older men.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Cognitive Dysfunction; Aged; Mastication; Longitudinal Studies; Republic of Korea; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Proportional Hazards Models; Sex Factors; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38584039
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.012 -
Appetite Jul 2024Anorexia of aging is a risk factor for malnutrition among older adults. This study aimed to evaluate the association between objective and subjective oral health and...
Anorexia of aging is a risk factor for malnutrition among older adults. This study aimed to evaluate the association between objective and subjective oral health and anorexia among independent older adults. This cross-sectional study targeted independent older adults aged ≥65 years who participated in the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study conducted in 2022. The outcome variable was the presence of anorexia, as assessed by the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire. Exposure variables were dental status (≥20 teeth, 10-19 teeth with/without dentures, and 0-9 teeth with/without dentures) as objective oral health and oral health-related quality of life measured by five items of the short version of the Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP) (eating, speaking, smiling, emotional stability, and enjoying with others) as subjective oral health. We fitted the Poisson regression model, including possible confounders, and estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Among 19,787 participants (mean age: 74.6 years [1SD = 6.2], male: 48.5%), 9.0% were classified as having anorexia. After adjusting possible confounders, those with ≤19 teeth had a higher proportion of experiencing anorexia compared to those with ≥20 teeth; however, the association was less pronounced among those with dentures (0-9 teeth with dentures: PR = 1.48 [1.31-1.68], and 0-9 teeth without dentures: PR = 2.08 [1.65-2.63]). Even after adjusting for dental status, each item of OIDP was significantly associated with the presence of anorexia (all p < 0.05). The results showed that both objective and subjective poor oral health were significantly associated with a higher probability of developing anorexia of aging. Therefore, improving both objective and subjective oral health through appropriate dental care could contribute to maintaining appetite in later life.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Female; Oral Health; Cross-Sectional Studies; Japan; Anorexia; Quality of Life; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Surveys and Questionnaires; Prevalence; Geriatric Assessment; Appetite; Dentures; East Asian People
PubMed: 38582137
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107332 -
Frontiers in Dentistry 2024Conventional obturator prostheses might cause dissatisfaction in patients with hard or soft palate defects due to inadequate retention and function during speech,...
Conventional obturator prostheses might cause dissatisfaction in patients with hard or soft palate defects due to inadequate retention and function during speech, mastication, and swallowing. Thus, surgical reconstruction and implant-supported obturators are considered as alternative treatments for these patients. This case-report study describes the prosthetic reconstruction of an 88-year-old patient suffering from a hard palate defect after surgical resection of verrucous carcinoma in the left side of the hard palate. Fifteen months after radiotherapy, two implants were placed in the right side of the remaining ridge, in the second and third molar region. After the implant healing period, the implant-supported obturator prosthesis was fabricated. The patient was satisfied with the esthetics and function of the obturator at the 12-month recall visit and radiographs showed normal healing and no bone loss around the implants.
PubMed: 38571900
DOI: 10.18502/fid.v21i2.14669 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2024Although thorough chewing lowers postprandial glucose concentrations, research on the effectiveness of chewing vegetables in different forms on postprandial glucose... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Although thorough chewing lowers postprandial glucose concentrations, research on the effectiveness of chewing vegetables in different forms on postprandial glucose metabolism remains limited. This study examined the effects of vegetables consumed in solid versus puree forms on postprandial glucose metabolism. Nineteen healthy young men completed two 180-min trials on separate days in a random order: the chewing trial involved the consumption of shredded cabbage with chewing and the non-chewing trial involved the consumption of pureed cabbage without chewing. Energy jelly was consumed immediately after the consumption of shredded or puree cabbage. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min. Circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin, total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) concentrations were measured from the plasma. Although plasma glucose concentrations did not differ between the trials, the plasma insulin and GIP incremental area under the curve values were higher in the chewing than in the non-chewing trial. Postprandial total GLP-1 concentrations were higher in the chewing than in the non-chewing trial at 45, 60 and 90 min. This study demonstrates that consuming shredded cabbage while chewing enhances postprandial incretin secretion but has no effect on postprandial glucose concentration.Trial registration: Clinical trial registration ID.: UMIN000052662, registered 31 October 2023.
Topics: Male; Humans; Vegetables; Blood Glucose; Mastication; Glucose; Insulin; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; Postprandial Period
PubMed: 38555375
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58103-w -
Journal of Oral Biology and... 2024Recently researches in the field of dental implantology have increased, in spite of that very limited knowledge is available to the patients about dental implants as an...
BACKGROUND
Recently researches in the field of dental implantology have increased, in spite of that very limited knowledge is available to the patients about dental implants as an option for replacement of missing teeth. Goal of replacement of missing teeth is not only functional rehabilitation but overall improvement in quality of life of the patient.
AIM
To assess the awareness of dental implants and to compare oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients treated with implant supported fixed prosthesis (ISPs) and teeth supported fixed prosthesis (FPDs).
METHODS
& Material: General implant awareness questionnaire was used to assess the awareness of dental implants in 500 participants. Oral health impact profile (OHIP) questionnaire was used to compare OHRQoL between 300 patients treated with ISPs and 300 patients treated with FPDs.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Sample size was taken to estimate difference between groups at 30 % & 80% power and 5% risk. IBM SPSS 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) was used for statistical analysis. Chi square test and independent - test was used to find statistical difference between variables.
RESULTS
27.2% participants were aware about dental implants. 74.4% participants agreed that missing teeth should be replaced with prosthetic options. Dentists were primary source of knowledge (66%) of dental implants for patients. Parameters like functional limitations, psychological discomfort and pain during mastication were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in FPDs compared to implant supported prosthesis.
CONCLUSIONS
Awareness of dental implants in general population needs to be increased. Functional and psychological comfort was significantly higher in ISPs compared to teeth supported FPDs.
PubMed: 38545333
DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2024.03.007 -
Heliyon Mar 2024This study evaluates masticatory efficiency in orthodontic patients with craniofacial disorders compared to controls without, considering the effect of an orthodontic...
This study evaluates masticatory efficiency in orthodontic patients with craniofacial disorders compared to controls without, considering the effect of an orthodontic appliance and malocclusion. A total of 119 participants (7-21 years), divided into a craniofacial disorder and control group (n = 42 and n = 77; mean age 13.5 ± 5.2 and 14.2 ± 3.3 years) were included. Masticatory efficiency was evaluated using a standard food model test, where masticated test food bodies were analyzed, and parameters like particle number (n) and area (mm) were recorded. This study newly introduced the masticatory efficiency index (MEI), which encompasses the above terms (number and area), with a high MEI being an indicator of high masticatory ability. Younger orthodontic patients with a craniofacial disorder had a significantly decreased MEI (0.50 ± 0.25 n/mm) compared to patients without (1.10 ± 0.48 n/mm; p = 0.02). The presence of a crossbite significantly decreased masticatory efficiency, particularly in craniofacial disorder patients (0.69 ± 1.44 n/mm) versus controls (0.89 ± 1.00 n/mm, p = 0.04). As treatment progressed with age and fixed appliances, mastication group differences became non-significant, suggesting that patients with a craniofacial disorder were catching up to healthy controls in the rehabilitation of their masticatory function. Considering an early diagnosis of malocclusion during orthodontic therapy in combination with speech therapy can avoid negative malocclusion effects with growth, caused by muscle imbalances.
PubMed: 38545195
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28321 -
Journal of Dentistry (Shiraz, Iran) Mar 2024Oral cancer is a malignant neoplasia that can originate in the oral cavity or lips. It is a serious global health problem and one of the ten most common cancers... (Review)
Review
Oral cancer is a malignant neoplasia that can originate in the oral cavity or lips. It is a serious global health problem and one of the ten most common cancers worldwide. Over the years, changes in the trends of the oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers have been observed. The management of oral cancer is complicated due to the functional and cosmetic consequences of treating malignancies at these anatomical locations. The tumor and its treatment can affect a variety of functional activities, including smell, sight, speaking, respiration, taste, jaw function, and mastication, either temporarily or permanently. Based on the importance of this tumor, screening oral cancer for early detection and finding the best biomarkers for diagnosis is a crucial concern. In this review of literature, the etiology, risk factors, treatment, and diagnosis of oral cancer will be reviewed with a focus on the most important biomarkers.
PubMed: 38544776
DOI: 10.30476/dentjods.2023.96159.1924 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2024In recent decades, the focus of health research has shifted to the impact of disease or impairment on how people proceed, behave, and experience quality of life....
In recent decades, the focus of health research has shifted to the impact of disease or impairment on how people proceed, behave, and experience quality of life. People's lives are affected by oral diseases in various ways. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is inextricably linked to general health and well-being, and it has far-reaching consequences for clinical practice and dentistry research. Particularly in Indonesia, increasing attention to OHRQoL is related to several concerning oral conditions, such as the extremely high number of cases of tooth decay and inflammation of dental supportive tissue that inexplicably lowers the population's OHRQoL. To date, there has yet to be a bibliometric study of OHRQoL research in Indonesia. We intend to map the existing scientific literature on OHRQoL research in Indonesia during the last five years and investigate its research gaps. Scopus and the Sinta Database (a national database through Google Scholar) were used to retrieve Indonesian OHRQoL research publications from 2018 to 2023. Bibliographic data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 25.0 and VOS Viewer 1.6.19. The data demonstrate that the number of OHRQoL-related publications in Indonesia and the number of local writers have increased over time. More of these publications were published in prestigious national journals than foreign ones. The study found that local researchers tended to conduct OHRQoL research on children and older populations, raising the issue of tooth decay or tooth loss. Exploring other subjects, such as dental anxiety, patient satisfaction, chewing performance, aesthetics, and appearance, and other populations (people with oral cancer and other systemic conditions) could broaden the environment of OHRQoL research in Indonesia.
Topics: Child; Humans; Quality of Life; Oral Health; Tooth Loss; Mastication; Dentistry
PubMed: 38541251
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21030249 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Mar 2024This study hypothesizes that higher in-line milk lactose concentrations are indicative of enhanced dairy cow behaviors-including increased rumination, feeding, and...
This study hypothesizes that higher in-line milk lactose concentrations are indicative of enhanced dairy cow behaviors-including increased rumination, feeding, and locomotion activities-reflecting superior overall health and well-being. It posits that fluctuations in milk lactose levels have a substantial impact on the physiological and behavioral responses of dairy cows, thereby affecting their milk yields and compositions. Each cow's milk lactose, fat, protein, and fat-to-protein ratio were continuously monitored using the BROLIS HerdLine in-line milk analyzer (Brolis Sensor Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania). The RumiWatch noseband sensor (RWS; ITIN + HOCH GmbH, Fütterungstechnik, Liestal, Switzerland) was employed to measure the biomarkers of the rumination, feeding, and locomotion behavior. The measurements were recorded over 5 days at the same time (during morning milking). A total of 502 cows were examined. During these 5 days, 2510 measurements were taken. Based on the lactose content in their milk, the cows were divided into two categories: the first group consisted of cows with milk lactose levels below 4.70%, while the second group included cows with milk lactose levels of 4.70% or higher. Our study showed that cows with higher milk lactose concentrations (≥4.70%) produced significantly more milk (16.14% increase) but had a lower milk protein concentration (5.05% decrease) compared to cows with lower lactose levels. These cows also exhibited changes in rumination and feeding behaviors, as recorded by the RWS: there was an increase in the mastication and rumination behaviors, evidenced by a 14.09% rise in other chews and a 13.84% increase in rumination chews, along with a 16.70% boost in bolus activity. However, there was a notable 16.18% reduction in their physical activity, as measured by the change in time spent walking.
PubMed: 38539934
DOI: 10.3390/ani14060836