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Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia :... May 2024
Topics: Humans; Mesothelioma; Lung Neoplasms; Pleural Neoplasms
PubMed: 38808836
DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20240118 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2024Hedgehogs, as exotic species, are more susceptible to various neoplastic conditions affecting diverse bodily systems, particularly the tegumentary, hemolymphatic, and...
Hedgehogs, as exotic species, are more susceptible to various neoplastic conditions affecting diverse bodily systems, particularly the tegumentary, hemolymphatic, and digestive systems. Among these conditions, epithelial tumors are the most prevalent, followed by round cell tumors and mesenchymal tumors. A striking characteristic is the malignant nature of over 8% of these tumors, leading to a generally unfavorable prognosis. This study aims to present a unique case involving a 2.5 year-old male African pygmy hedgehog in Concepción, Biobío District, Chile, diagnosed with a mesenchymal neoplasia originating from mesothelial cells. The hedgehog presented to the veterinary clinic with acute abdominal pain, prompting ultrasound imaging, and comprehensive cytological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses. During abdominal ultrasound, a mass was observed, and its cytological examination revealed the presence of malignant cells. The histopathological examination unveiled a diffuse mesothelial cell tissue interwoven with abundant fibrous tissue and small cysts containing serous fluid, all enveloped by flattened or cuboidal cells of mesothelial origin. Immunohistochemistry further confirmed the diagnosis, demonstrating positive immunostaining for calretinin and mesothelin markers, corroborating the diagnosis of fibrous malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. This case highlights the complexity of neoplastic conditions in hedgehogs and emphasizes the importance of multimodal diagnostic approaches for accurate identification and understanding of these rare diseases.
PubMed: 38807940
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1341815 -
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical... May 2024Malignant mesothelioma, a rare and aggressive cancer primarily caused by occupational asbestos exposure, has a poor prognosis. This study leverages the Global Burden of...
Malignant mesothelioma, a rare and aggressive cancer primarily caused by occupational asbestos exposure, has a poor prognosis. This study leverages the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 dataset to analyze the burden of mesothelioma linked to occupational asbestos exposure from 1990 to 2019. The analysis includes the number of mesothelioma deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to occupational asbestos exposure, focusing on trends in age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life-year rate (ASDR) by year, age, sex, country, region, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI). In 2019, 91.7% of mesothelioma deaths and 85.2% of DALYs were attributable to occupational asbestos exposure, resulting in 26,820 (95% UI 24,312-28,622) deaths and 569,429 (95% UI 509,956-617,484) DALYs. Despite a decline in ASMR and ASDR from 1990 to 2019, the absolute number of deaths and DALYs almost doubled. The United States reported the highest number of mesothelioma deaths, while China had the highest number of DALYs. Age-specific mortality rates and DALYs decreased in the 25-74 age group but increased in the 75+ age group. In conclusion, occupational asbestos exposure remains the primary cause of mesothelioma worldwide, with an increasing number of deaths and DALYs. The highest incidence rates are observed in high-income areas, and rates are rising in low-income areas. It is crucial to raise awareness about the hazards of asbestos to reduce the global burden of mesothelioma linked to occupational exposure.
Topics: Humans; Occupational Exposure; Asbestos; Male; Female; Global Burden of Disease; Middle Aged; Aged; Adult; Mesothelioma; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Disability-Adjusted Life Years; Lung Neoplasms; Aged, 80 and over; Global Health; Occupational Diseases
PubMed: 38806867
DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05802-6 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains an incurable disease. This is partly due to the lack of experimental models that fully recapitulate the complexity and...
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains an incurable disease. This is partly due to the lack of experimental models that fully recapitulate the complexity and heterogeneity of MPM, a major challenge for therapeutic management of the disease. In addition, the contribution of the MPM microenvironment is relevant for the adaptive response to therapy. We established mesothelioma patient-derived organoid (mPDO) cultures from MPM pleural effusions and tested their response to pemetrexed and cisplatin. We aimed to evaluate the contribution of mesothelioma-associated fibroblasts (MAFs) to the response to pemetrexed and cisplatin (P+C). Organoid cultures were obtained from eight MPM patients using specific growth media and conditions to expand pleural effusion-derived cells. Flow cytometry was used to verify the similarity of the organoid cultures to the original samples. MAFs were isolated and co-cultured with mPDOs, and the addition of MAFs reduced the sensitivity of mPDOs to P+C. Organoid formation and expression of cancer stem cell markers such as ABCG2, NANOG, and CD44 were altered by conditioned media from treated MAFs. We identified IL-6 as the major contributor to the attenuated response to chemotherapy. IL-6 secretion by MAFs is correlated with increased resistance of mPDOs to pemetrexed and cisplatin.
Topics: Humans; Organoids; Interleukin-6; Cisplatin; Pemetrexed; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts; Mesothelioma; Tumor Microenvironment; Male; Female; Fibroblasts; Middle Aged; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Lung Neoplasms
PubMed: 38791392
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105355 -
Cell Death & Disease May 2024Recruitment of fibroblasts to tumors and their activation into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is a strategy used by tumor cells to direct extracellular matrix...
Recruitment of fibroblasts to tumors and their activation into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is a strategy used by tumor cells to direct extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, invasion, and metastasis, highlighting the need to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving CAF function. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) regulates the communication between cancer and stroma and facilitates the progression of serous ovarian cancer (SOC). By binding to Endothelin A (ET) and B (ET) receptors, ET-1 enables the recruitment of β-arrestin1 (β-arr1) and the formation of signaling complexes that coordinate tumor progression. However, how ET-1 receptors might "educate" human ovarian fibroblasts (HOFs) to produce altered ECM and promote metastasis remains to be elucidated. This study identifies ET-1 as a pivotal factor in the activation of CAFs capable of proteolytic ECM remodeling and the generation of heterotypic spheroids containing cancer cells with a propensity to metastasize. An autocrine/paracrine ET-1/ETR/β-arr1 loop enhances HOF proliferation, upregulates CAF marker expression, secretes pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increases collagen contractility, and cell motility. Furthermore, ET-1 facilitates ECM remodeling by promoting the lytic activity of invadosome and activation of integrin β1. In addition, ET-1 signaling supports the formation of heterotypic HOF/SOC spheroids with enhanced ability to migrate through the mesothelial monolayer, and invade, representing metastatic units. The blockade of ETR or β-arr1 silencing prevents CAF activation, invadosome function, mesothelial clearance, and the invasive ability of heterotypic spheroids. In vivo, therapeutic inhibition of ETR using bosentan (BOS) significantly reduces the metastatic potential of combined HOFs/SOC cells, associated with enhanced apoptotic effects on tumor cells and stromal components. These findings support a model in which ET-1/β-arr1 reinforces tumor/stroma interaction through CAF activation and fosters the survival and metastatic properties of SOC cells, which could be counteracted by ETR antagonists.
Topics: Humans; Female; Ovarian Neoplasms; beta-Arrestin 1; Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts; Cell Line, Tumor; Podosomes; Endothelin-1; Neoplasm Metastasis; Receptor, Endothelin A; Signal Transduction; Extracellular Matrix; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Animals; Fibroblasts; Neoplasm Invasiveness
PubMed: 38777849
DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06730-6 -
Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) May 2024Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is a rare mesothelial tumor of uncertain malignant potential. We present a unique case of a woman with synchronous WDPM...
Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is a rare mesothelial tumor of uncertain malignant potential. We present a unique case of a woman with synchronous WDPM and well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EA) arising from extraovarian endometriosis. A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with a several-month history of right lower quadrant abdominal pain. She had a history of supracervical hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy secondary to endometriosis. Imaging reported a mass in the right lower quadrant originating from the distal ileum. At laparotomy, the patient underwent a right colectomy with resection of the terminal ileum and excision of a solitary peritoneal nodule. Pathology was consistent with a diagnosis of well-differentiated EA (arising from extraovarian endometriosis) and WDPM. Further treatment consisted of complete surgical staging/debulking and adjuvant chemotherapy directed toward metastatic well-differentiated EA. Surgeons should be familiar with WDPM as a potential finding in women of reproductive age undergoing abdominal surgery for any indication.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Endometriosis; Carcinoma, Endometrioid; Mesothelioma; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Endometrial Neoplasms
PubMed: 38776516
DOI: 10.46883/2024.25921020 -
Pharmacological Research Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Mesothelin; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen; GPI-Linked Proteins; Animals; Lung Neoplasms
PubMed: 38768670
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107220 -
BMJ Open May 2024Recruiting to randomised trials is often challenging particularly when the intervention arms are markedly different. The Mesothelioma and Radical Surgery 2 randomised... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Strategies to address recruitment to a randomised trial of surgical and non-surgical treatment for cancer: results from a complex recruitment intervention within the Mesothelioma and Radical Surgery 2 (MARS 2) study.
OBJECTIVES
Recruiting to randomised trials is often challenging particularly when the intervention arms are markedly different. The Mesothelioma and Radical Surgery 2 randomised controlled trial (RCT) compared standard chemotherapy with or without (extended) pleurectomy decortication surgery for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Anticipating recruitment difficulties, a QuinteT Recruitment Intervention was embedded in the main trial phase to unearth and address barriers. The trial achieved recruitment to target with a 4-month COVID-19 pandemic-related extension. This paper presents the key recruitment challenges, and the strategies delivered to optimise recruitment and informed consent.
DESIGN
A multifaceted, flexible, mixed-method approach to investigate recruitment obstacles drawing on data from staff/patient interviews, audio recorded study recruitment consultations and screening logs. Key findings were translated into strategies targeting identified issues. Data collection, analysis, feedback and strategy implementation continued cyclically throughout the recruitment period.
SETTING
Secondary thoracic cancer care.
RESULTS
Respiratory physicians, oncologists, surgeons and nursing specialists supported the trial, but recruitment challenges were evident. The study had to fit within a framework of a thoracic cancer service considered overstretched where patients encountered multiple healthcare professionals and treatment views, all of which challenged recruitment. Clinician treatment biases, shaped in part by the wider clinical and research context alongside experience, adversely impacted several aspects of the recruitment process by restricting referrals for study consideration, impacting eligibility decisions, affecting the neutrality in which the study and treatment was presented and shaping patient treatment expectations and preferences. Individual and group recruiter feedback and training raised awareness of key equipoise issues, offered support and shared good practice to safeguard informed consent and optimise recruitment.
CONCLUSIONS
With bespoke support to overcome identified issues, recruitment to a challenging RCT of surgery versus no surgery in a thoracic cancer setting with a complex recruitment pathway and multiple health professional involvement is possible.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
ISRCTN ISRCTN44351742, Clinical Trials.gov NCT02040272.
Topics: Humans; Patient Selection; Mesothelioma; COVID-19; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Pleural Neoplasms; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Lung Neoplasms; SARS-CoV-2; Informed Consent; Female; Male
PubMed: 38760029
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079108 -
Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia :... 2024To review the pathological diagnosis of possible cases and/or hidden cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) between 2000 and 2012 using the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry...
OBJECTIVE
To review the pathological diagnosis of possible cases and/or hidden cases of malignant mesothelioma (MM) between 2000 and 2012 using the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry database in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
METHODS
Possible cases were retrieved by assessing the database. Inclusion criteria were being older than 30 years of age and having ICD-O-3 topography and morphology codes related to MM. A board of expert pathologists reviewed the pathology reports and requested paraffin blocks in cases that demanded revision. After staining with calretinin, D2-40, WT-1 (as positive MM markers) and Ber-EP4 and MOC31 (as negative MM markers), cases were divided and studied independently by a pair of pathologists to confirm or discard the diagnosis of MM.
RESULTS
Our sample comprised 482 cases from 25 hospitals, and 130 needed further histological revision. We received 73 paraffin blocks with adequate material. After board analysis, there were 9 cases with a definitive diagnosis of MM, improving the diagnostic rate in 12%. Two cases of previously diagnosed MM were discarded by review.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results confirm that part of MM underdiagnosis and underreporting in Brazil is due to incomplete or mistaken pathological diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Brazil; Mesothelioma; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Registries; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Aged; Lung Neoplasms; Adult; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Pleural Neoplasms
PubMed: 38747814
DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20230343 -
Multimedia Manual of Cardiothoracic... May 2024The current treatment for mesothelioma, in selected cases, consists of extended pleurodecortication and intrathoracic hyperthermic chemotherapy. This technique is...
The current treatment for mesothelioma, in selected cases, consists of extended pleurodecortication and intrathoracic hyperthermic chemotherapy. This technique is laborious and detailed and must be followed step by step to achieve good results. We present the case of a patient with epithelioid mesothelioma meeting surgical criteria who underwent the mentioned technique, experiencing an adequate postoperative period and an early discharge. This experience demonstrates that the technique is safe when performed in centres with experience and the means to address this complex pathology.
Topics: Humans; Pleural Neoplasms; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Hyperthermia, Induced; Combined Modality Therapy; Mesothelioma; Male; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38747474
DOI: 10.1510/mmcts.2024.007