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Genes Apr 2023is an endemic fish distributed only in southern Xinjiang, China. Due to overfishing, water conservancy facilities, and other factors, as well as inherent biological...
is an endemic fish distributed only in southern Xinjiang, China. Due to overfishing, water conservancy facilities, and other factors, as well as inherent biological limitations, resource recovery is quite difficult. For endangered fish with slow growth, late sexual maturity, and insufficient natural population supplementation, large-scale artificial reproduction and breeding are important for restoring resources. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the reproductive regulation methods of the fish. The kiss1 gene is a key regulator of the reproductive regulation cascade, and identifying and analyzing the role of kiss1 are important for further elucidating the reproductive mechanism of . To understand the characteristics of the kiss1 of , the full-length cDNA sequence of kiss1 was obtained in this study, and its tissue expression specificity and association with phenotypic traits were analyzed in male fish. The full-length cDNA sequence of kiss1 in was 658 bp, with an ORF of 327 bp, and encoded a 108-amino acid, unstable protein. Homology results indicated that kiss1 was highly conserved. qPCR showed kiss1 expression in different tissues in male , with the highest expression in the gonads, followed by muscle, and significantly lower expression in the swim bladder, pituitary gland, heart, hypothalamus, gill, fin, liver, eye, and mid-kidney. qPCR revealed three SNP loci in the exonic region of kiss1. The c.3G>T locus was significantly correlated ( < 0.05) with gonad mass and the maturation coefficient in . These results will help uncover the reproductive endocrinology network of , improve artificial breeding technology for fish, and unveil new directions for breeding excellent strains of and molecular marker-assisted breeding.
Topics: Animals; Male; Kisspeptins; DNA, Complementary; Conservation of Natural Resources; Fisheries; Cyprinidae; Cloning, Molecular
PubMed: 37107620
DOI: 10.3390/genes14040862 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2023Gestational diseases such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes cause inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in the placenta and changes in placental kisspeptin...
Gestational diseases such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes cause inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in the placenta and changes in placental kisspeptin levels. Although maternal hypothyroidism also reduces the kisspeptin/Kiss1R system at the maternal-fetal interface, there is still no information on whether this dysfunction causes inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in the placenta or influences the modulatory role of kisspeptin in these processes. This study aimed to evaluate whether hypothyroidism activates the inflammasome-NLRP3 pathway and pyroptosis at the maternal-fetal interface of rats and whether kisspeptin can modulate these processes. Hypothyroidism was induced in Wistar rats by the administration of propylthiouracil. Kisspeptin-10 (Kp10) treatment began on the 8th day of gestation (DG). Gene and/or protein expressions of NLRP3, Caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-18, and Gasdermin D (Gsmd) were evaluated in the deciduae and placentae at the 18th DG. Hypothyroidism increased the decidual and placental stainings of NLRP3, IL-1β, and Gasdermin D, and increased the gene expressions of , , and in the placenta and of in the decidua. Treatment with Kp10 suppressed the increase in NLRP3/, IL-1β, , and Gasdermin D/ caused by hypothyroidism at the maternal-fetal interface. However, Kp10 increased the placental gene expressions of and . The findings demonstrated that maternal hypothyroidism activated the inflammasome-NLRP3 pathway and pyroptosis at the maternal-fetal interface of rats and that treatment with Kp10 was able to block these processes, thus suggesting that kisspeptin analogues may be promising in the treatment of gestational diseases that involve inflammasome activation and pyroptosis.
Topics: Rats; Female; Pregnancy; Animals; Inflammasomes; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Pyroptosis; Interleukin-18; Kisspeptins; Gasdermins; Placenta; Rats, Wistar; Caspase 1; Interleukin-1beta; Hypothyroidism
PubMed: 37047793
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076820 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023The hypothalamic neurohormone kisspeptin-10 (KP-10) was inherently implicated in cholinergic pathologies when aberrant fluctuations of expression patterns and receptor...
The hypothalamic neurohormone kisspeptin-10 (KP-10) was inherently implicated in cholinergic pathologies when aberrant fluctuations of expression patterns and receptor densities were discerned in neurodegenerative micromilieus. That said, despite variable degrees of functional redundancy, KP-10, which is biologically governed by its cognate G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR54, attenuated the progressive demise of α-synuclein (α-syn)-rich cholinergic-like neurons. Under explicitly modeled environments, in silico algorithms further rationalized the surface complementarities between KP-10 and α-syn when KP-10 was unambiguously accommodated in the C-terminal binding pockets of α-syn. Indeed, the neuroprotective relevance of KP-10's binding mechanisms can be insinuated in the amelioration of α-syn-mediated neurotoxicity; yet it is obscure whether these extenuative circumstances are contingent upon prior GPR54 activation. Herein, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive SH-SY5Y neurons were engineered ad hoc to transiently overexpress human wild-type or E46K mutant α-syn while the mitigation of α-syn-induced neuronal death was ascertained via flow cytometric and immunocytochemical quantification. Recapitulating the specificity observed on cell viability, exogenously administered KP-10 (0.1 µM) substantially suppressed wild-type and E46K mutant α-syn-mediated apoptosis and mitochondrial depolarization in cholinergic differentiated neurons. In particular, co-administrations with a GPR54 antagonist, kisspeptin-234 (KP-234), failed to abrogate the robust neuroprotection elicited by KP-10, thereby signifying a GPR54 dispensable mechanism of action. Consistent with these observations, KP-10 treatment further diminished α-syn and ChAT immunoreactivity in neurons overexpressing wild-type and E46K mutant α-syn. Overall, these findings lend additional credence to the previous notion that KP-10's binding zone may harness efficacious moieties of neuroprotective intent.
Topics: Humans; alpha-Synuclein; Apoptosis; Kisspeptins; Neuroblastoma; Neurons
PubMed: 37047030
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076056 -
Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism Aug 2023
Topics: Female; Humans; Overweight; Kisspeptins; Obesity; Appetite; Eating; Energy Intake; Body Mass Index
PubMed: 37039248
DOI: 10.1111/dom.15086 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2023Preeclampsia (PE) is a devastating hypertensive disorder of pregnancy closely linked to obesity. Long-term adverse outcomes may occur in offspring from preeclamptic...
Preeclampsia (PE) is a devastating hypertensive disorder of pregnancy closely linked to obesity. Long-term adverse outcomes may occur in offspring from preeclamptic pregnancies. Accordingly, sex-specific changes in pubertal development have been described in children from preeclamptic women, but the underlying mechanisms remain vastly unexplored. Features of PE are spontaneously recapitulated by the blood pressure high subline 5 (BPH/5) mouse model, including obesity and dyslipidemia in females before and throughout pregnancy, superimposed hypertension from late gestation to parturition and fetal growth restriction. A sexually dimorphic cardiometabolic phenotype has been described in BPH/5 offspring: while females are hyperphagic, hyperleptinemic, and overweight, with increased reproductive white adipose tissue (rWAT), males have similar food intake, serum leptin concentration, body weight and rWAT mass as controls. Herein, pubertal development and adiposity were further investigated in BPH/5 progeny. Precocious onset of puberty occurs in BPH/5 females, but not in male offspring. When reaching adulthood, the obese BPH/5 females display hypoestrogenism and hyperandrogenism. Kisspeptins, a family of peptides closely linked to reproduction and metabolism, have been previously shown to induce lipolysis and inhibit adipogenesis. Interestingly, expression of kisspeptins (Kiss1) and their cognate receptor (Kiss1r) in the adipose tissue seem to be modulated by the sex steroid hormone milieu. To further understand the metabolic-reproductive crosstalk in the BPH/5 offspring, expression in male and female rWAT were investigated. Downregulation of occurs in BPH/5 females when compared to males. Interestingly, dietary weight loss attenuated circulating testosterone concentration and rWAT downregulation in BPH/5 females. Altogether, the studies demonstrate reproductive abnormalities in offspring gestated in a PE-like uterus, which appear to be closely associated to the sexually dimorphic metabolic phenotype of the BPH/5 mouse model.
PubMed: 37035685
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1070426 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023LPXRFa, also known as gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), and kisspeptin (Kiss) are two major hypothalamic peptides that modulate the reproductive axis of...
LPXRFa, also known as gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), and kisspeptin (Kiss) are two major hypothalamic peptides that modulate the reproductive axis of vertebrates, including teleosts. However, little information is available regarding the actions of nutritional status on the regulation of these two neuroendocrine systems in fish. Herein, we assessed the effects of starvation and refeeding on the expression of , and their receptors ( and respectively) at the brain-pituitary level of half-smooth tongue sole (). Food deprivation for 4 weeks induced a rise in brain as well as brain and pituitary mRNA levels, and refeeding restored brain and expression back to normal. However, pituitary mRNA levels still remained high after 1 week of refeeding. Neither nor transcripts in the pituitary were altered by fasting, but their mRNA levels increased significantly after 1 week of refeeding, and declined back to the control levels after 2 weeks of refeeding. None of brain and along with pituitary transcripts were modified by the nutritional status. In summary, our results revealed an interaction between energy status and the elements of LPXRFa and Kiss systems in the brain-pituitary axis of half-smooth tongue sole. Food deprivation and refeeding differentially regulated the two systems, which provided additional evidence for the involvement of the LPXRFa and Kiss systems in the regulation of reproduction by energy balance in non-mammalian species.
Topics: Animals; Kisspeptins; Food Deprivation; Fishes; Brain; RNA, Messenger; Gene Expression
PubMed: 37033260
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1099832 -
Open Veterinary Journal Mar 2023Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide that has an important role in the female reproductive cycle which is indicated by its role in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal...
BACKGROUND
Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide that has an important role in the female reproductive cycle which is indicated by its role in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
AIMS
To analyze the correlation between serum kisspeptin levels, ovarian kisspeptin expression, and ovarian Bone Morphogenic Protein-15 (BMP15) expression in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model rats.
METHODS
The research was accurate experimental research with a post-test design-only control group and was carried out from August to October 2022 at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Airlangga. 32 rats were divided into a control group and a PCOS model group. Blood serum and ovaries were obtained from all groups. In addition, blood serum was examined for kisspeptin levels by ELISA technique, and kisspeptin expression and BMP15 Ovaries were examined immunohistochemically.
RESULTS
Serum kisspeptin levels and ovarian kisspeptin expression of the PCOS model group were not significantly higher than those of the control group ( > 0.05, > 0.05). The ovarian BMP15 expression of the PCOS model group was not significantly lower ( > 0.05) than that of the control group. Ovarian kisspeptin expression and ovarian BMP15 expression did not significantly correlate with serum kisspeptin levels ( > 0.05). In contrast, there was a significant correlation ( < 0.05) between ovarian kisspeptin expression and ovarian BMP15 expression.
CONCLUSION
Serum kisspeptin levels and ovarian kisspeptin expression of the PCOS model group were not higher than those of the control group, and the ovarian BMP15 expression of the PCOS model group was not lower than that of the control group. There was no correlation between serum kisspeptin levels with ovarian kisspeptin expression and ovarian BMP15 expression. However, a significant correlation was found between ovarian kisspeptin expression and ovarian BMP15 expression.
Topics: Animals; Female; Rats; Kisspeptins; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15
PubMed: 37026063
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i3.4 -
Cell Death & Disease Apr 2023Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) is indispensable in organ development because it maintains intracellular cholesterol...
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) is indispensable in organ development because it maintains intracellular cholesterol homeostasis. The vessel is not widely conceived of as a cholesterol-sensitive tissue, so the specific role of SCAP in angiogenesis has not been paid attention to. As an important component of the vascular mesoderm, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are widely involved in each step of angiogenesis. Here, we report for the first time that VSMC-specific ablation of SCAP inhibits VSMC proliferation and migration, interacting with endothelial cells (ECs), and finally causes defective embryonic angiogenesis in mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that SCAP ablation in VSMCs leads to the upregulation of KISS-1 protein, consequently resulting in suppressed activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) expression to prevent angiogenesis. Importantly, we found that SCAP promotes the cleavage and nuclear translocation of SREBP2, which acts as a negative transcription regulator, regulating KISS-1 expression. Our findings suggest that SCAP contributes to embryonic angiogenesis by negatively regulating KISS-1 expression in mice and provide a new point of view for therapeutic targets of vascular development.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Cholesterol; Endothelial Cells; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Kisspeptins; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2
PubMed: 37024487
DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05754-8 -
The Journal of Maternal-fetal &... Dec 2023A highly accurate serum marker for predicting viable pregnancy needs to be developed. Recent studies have demonstrated that kisspeptin is a potential biomarker for this...
OBJECTIVE
A highly accurate serum marker for predicting viable pregnancy needs to be developed. Recent studies have demonstrated that kisspeptin is a potential biomarker for this purpose.
METHODS
This systematic review evaluated the available data in the literature on the role of kisspeptin as a miscarriage biomarker. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using the following keywords: (kisspeptin) AND (miscarriage OR pregnancy loss OR spontaneous abortion OR reproductive failure).
RESULTS
Seven case-control studies were selected for the systematic review. The included papers described the potential role of kisspeptin as a putative biomarker of pregnancy loss. Furthermore, two studies reported that changes in kisspeptin levels may be associated with unexplained infertility and low rates of embryo implantation in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology.
CONCLUSION
Kisspeptin might be used as a potential biomarker of pregnancy viability in the near future. However, studies with better evidence are needed to establish the applicability of kisspeptin as a diagnostic and prognostic tool.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Abortion, Spontaneous; Kisspeptins; Infertility; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; Biomarkers; Pregnancy Rate; Live Birth; Fertilization in Vitro
PubMed: 37015836
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2197097 -
Peptides Jun 2023This review considers three aspects of recent work on the role of KNDy neurons in GnRH pulse generation in ruminants. First, work on basic mechanisms of pulse generation... (Review)
Review
This review considers three aspects of recent work on the role of KNDy neurons in GnRH pulse generation in ruminants. First, work on basic mechanisms of pulse generation includes several tests of this hypothesis, all of which support it, and evidence that Kiss1r-containing neurons form a positive feedback circuit with the KNDy neural network that strengthen the activity of this network. The second section on pathways mediating external inputs focuses on the influence of nutrition and photoperiod, and describes the evidence supporting roles for proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) afferents to KNDy cells in each of these. Finally, we review studies exploring the potential applications of manipulating signaling by kisspeptin, and the other KNDy peptides, to control reproductive function in domestic animals and conclude that, although these approaches show some promise, they do not have major advantages over current practices at this time.
Topics: Animals; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus; Dynorphins; Neurokinin B; Neurons; Ruminants; Kisspeptins
PubMed: 36990389
DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171005