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FEMS Microbiology Ecology May 2024Coffee leaf rust, caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix, has become a major concern for coffee-producing countries. Additionally, there has been an increase in the...
Coffee leaf rust, caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix, has become a major concern for coffee-producing countries. Additionally, there has been an increase in the resistance of certain races of the fungus to fungicides and breeding cultivars, making producers use alternative control methods. In this work, we transplanted the leaf surface microbiota of rust-resistant coffee species (Coffea racemosa and Coffea stenophylla) to Coffea arabica and tested whether the new microbiota would be able to minimize the damage caused by H. vastatrix. It was seen that the transplant was successful in controlling rust, especially from C. stenophylla, but the protection depended on the concentration of the microbiota. Certain fungi, such as Acrocalymma, Bipolaris, Didymella, Nigrospora, Setophaeosphaeria, Simplicillium, Stagonospora and Torula, and bacteria, such as Chryseobacterium, Sphingobium and especially Enterobacter, had their populations increased and this may be related to the antagonism seen against H. vastatrix. Interestingly, the relative population of bacteria from genera Pantoea, Methylobacterium and Sphingomonas decreased after transplantation, suggesting a positive interaction between them and H. vastatrix development. Our findings may help to better understand the role of the microbiota in coffee leaf rust, as well as help to optimize the development of biocontrol agents.
Topics: Coffea; Plant Diseases; Plant Leaves; Basidiomycota; Microbiota; Disease Resistance; Bacteria; Fungi
PubMed: 38599638
DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiae049 -
Plants (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024Algae and bacteria have co-occurred and coevolved in common habitats for hundreds of millions of years, fostering specific associations and interactions such as... (Review)
Review
Algae and bacteria have co-occurred and coevolved in common habitats for hundreds of millions of years, fostering specific associations and interactions such as mutualism or antagonism. These interactions are shaped through exchanges of primary and secondary metabolites provided by one of the partners. Metabolites, such as N-sources or vitamins, can be beneficial to the partner and they may be assimilated through chemotaxis towards the partner producing these metabolites. Other metabolites, especially many natural products synthesized by bacteria, can act as toxins and damage or kill the partner. For instance, the green microalga establishes a mutualistic partnership with a , in stark contrast to its antagonistic relationship with the toxin producing . In other cases, as with a coccolithophore haptophyte alga and a bacterium, the same alga and bacterium can even be subject to both processes, depending on the secreted bacterial and algal metabolites. Some bacteria also influence algal morphology by producing specific metabolites and micronutrients, as is observed in some macroalgae. This review focuses on algal-bacterial interactions with micro- and macroalgal models from marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments and summarizes the advances in the field. It also highlights the effects of temperature on these interactions as it is presently known.
PubMed: 38592793
DOI: 10.3390/plants13060829 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Endophytic and rhizospheric microorganisms associated with plants play a crucial role in plant health, pest and disease defense, and fruit yield by actively...
Endophytic and rhizospheric microorganisms associated with plants play a crucial role in plant health, pest and disease defense, and fruit yield by actively participating in the plant's adaptation to its environment. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to analyze the community structure and diversity of endophytic and rhizospheric soil microorganisms in var. . The results revealed significant differences in microbial diversity and community structure between the soil and plant compartments within the same geographic region. Microbial diversity and species composition varied among different geographic locations. The dominant bacteria in plants were Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria, with dominant genera including , and . In contrast, the dominant bacteria in soil were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Actinobacteriota, with dominant genera such as , and , with was considered core groups present in all plant and soil samples. As for fungi, the dominant phyla in both plants and soil were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota, with different dominant genera between the two compartments, including , , and , totaling 59 genera. Linear discriminant analysis at the genus level identified 102 bacterial and 54 fungal indicator taxa associated with plants and soil. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated close interactions among soil bacterial microorganisms. Functional prediction of the top 10 microbial genes revealed three bacterial metabolic pathways shared between soil and plants, while the predominant fungal metabolic types were similar between the two compartments but with varying abundances. This study elucidates the diversity and interplay of endophytic and rhizospheric microorganisms in var. across diverse geographical regions, providing insights crucial for the plant's conservation and development.
PubMed: 38544861
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1338956 -
Microorganisms Feb 2024Terpenes are diverse specialized metabolites naturally found within plants and have important roles in inter-species communication, adaptation and interaction with the...
Terpenes are diverse specialized metabolites naturally found within plants and have important roles in inter-species communication, adaptation and interaction with the environment. Their industrial applications span a broad range, including fragrances, flavors, cosmetics, natural colorants to agrochemicals and therapeutics, yet formal chemical synthesis is economically challenging due to structural complexities. Engineering terpene biosynthesis could represent an alternative in microbial biotechnological workhorses, such as or , utilizing sugars or complex media as feedstocks. Host species that metabolize renewable and affordable carbon sources may offer unique sustainable biotechnological alternatives. Methylotrophs are bacteria with the capacity to utilize one-carbon feedstocks, such as methanol or formate. They colonize the phyllosphere (above-ground area) of plants, and many accumulate abundant carotenoid pigments. Methylotrophs have the capacity to take up and use a subset of the rare earth elements known as lanthanides. These metals can enhance one-carbon (methylotrophic) metabolism. Here, we investigated whether manipulating the metabolism enables and enhances terpene production. A carotenoid-deficient mutant potentially liberates carbon, which may contribute to bioproduct accumulation. To test this hypothesis, terpene-producing bacterial strains regulated by two distinct promoters were generated. Wildtype , ∆, a methylotrophic mutant lacking the carotenoid pathway, and an strain were transformed with an exogenous terpene pathway and grown both in the presence and absence of lanthanides. The extraction, and the comparison of analytical profiles, provided evidence that engineered cultured under control of a native, inducible methylotrophic promoter can yield the sesquiterpene patchoulol when supplemented with lanthanide. In contrast, using a moderate-strength constitutive promoter failed to give production. We demonstrated colonization of the phyllosphere with the engineered strains, supporting the future engineering of selected species of the plant microbiome and with promising implications for the synthetic biology of small molecules.
PubMed: 38543551
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12030500 -
MSystems Apr 2024Plant-associated diazotrophs strongly relate to plant nitrogen (N) supply and growth. However, our knowledge of diazotrophic community assembly and microbial N...
Plant-associated diazotrophs strongly relate to plant nitrogen (N) supply and growth. However, our knowledge of diazotrophic community assembly and microbial N metabolism in plant microbiomes is largely limited. Here we examined the assembly and temporal dynamics of diazotrophic communities across multiple compartments (soils, epiphytic and endophytic niches of root and leaf, and grain) of three cereal crops (maize, wheat, and barley) and identified the potential N-cycling pathways in phylloplane microbiomes. Our results demonstrated that the microbial species pool, influenced by site-specific environmental factors (e.g., edaphic factors), had a stronger effect than host selection (i.e., plant species and developmental stage) in shaping diazotrophic communities across the soil-plant continuum. Crop diazotrophic communities were dominated by a few taxa (~0.7% of diazotrophic phylotypes) which were mainly affiliated with , , , and . Furthermore, eight dominant taxa belonging to and were identified as keystone diazotrophic taxa for three crops and were potentially associated with microbial network stability and crop yields. Metagenomic binning recovered 58 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from the phylloplane, and the majority of them were identified as novel species (37 MAGs) and harbored genes potentially related to multiple N metabolism processes (e.g., nitrate reduction). Notably, for the first time, a high-quality MAG harboring genes involved in the complete denitrification process was recovered in the phylloplane and showed high identity to . Overall, these findings significantly expand our understanding of ecological drivers of crop diazotrophs and provide new insights into the potential microbial N metabolism in the phyllosphere.IMPORTANCEPlants harbor diverse nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (i.e., diazotrophic communities) in both belowground and aboveground tissues, which play a vital role in plant nitrogen supply and growth promotion. Understanding the assembly and temporal dynamics of crop diazotrophic communities is a prerequisite for harnessing them to promote plant growth. In this study, we show that the site-specific microbial species pool largely shapes the structure of diazotrophic communities in the leaves and roots of three cereal crops. We further identify keystone diazotrophic taxa in crop microbiomes and characterize potential microbial N metabolism pathways in the phyllosphere, which provides essential information for developing microbiome-based tools in future sustainable agricultural production.
Topics: Microbiota; Agriculture; Soil; Nitrogen; Crops, Agricultural; Plant Development
PubMed: 38501864
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01055-23 -
Nutrients Feb 2024Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is primarily caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a widely occurring natural anthocyanin with...
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is primarily caused by long-term excessive alcohol consumption. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) is a widely occurring natural anthocyanin with multiple biological activities. This study aims to investigate the effects of C3G isolated from black rice on ALD and explore the potential mechanism. C57BL/6J mice (male) were fed with standard diet (CON) and Lieber-DeCarli liquid-fed (Eth) or supplemented with a 100 mg/kg/d C3G Diet (Eth-C3G), respectively. Our results showed that C3G could effectively ameliorate the pathological structure and liver function, and also inhibited the accumulation of liver lipids. C3G supplementation could partially alleviate the injury of intestinal barrier in the alcohol-induced mice. C3G supplementation could increase the abundance of , meanwhile, the abundances of , , , , , , , , , , , were decreased. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that 12 distinct genera were correlated with blood lipid levels. Non-targeted metabolic analyses of cecal contents showed that C3G supplementation could affect the composition of intestinal metabolites, particularly bile acids. In conclusion, C3G can attenuate alcohol-induced liver injury by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites, suggesting its potential as a functional food ingredient against alcoholic liver disease.
Topics: Mice; Male; Animals; Anthocyanins; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Liver; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic; Glucosides
PubMed: 38474822
DOI: 10.3390/nu16050694 -
Current Research in Food Science 2024Kombucha consumption has grown rapidly worldwide in the last decade, with production at both small- and large scales. The complex fermentation process involves both...
Kombucha consumption has grown rapidly worldwide in the last decade, with production at both small- and large scales. The complex fermentation process involves both bacterial and yeast species, but little is known regarding the progression of microbial development during production. We explored the microbial diversity of multiple batches across two kombucha types, i. e commercial scale versus laboratory-made (hereafter "home") kombucha brew using metabarcoding to characterize both fungal and bacterial communities. We found the microbial community of the commercial kombucha brew to be more complex than that of the home brew. Furthermore, PERMANOVA uncovered significant compositional differences between the bacterial ( = 2.68, = 0.23, = 00.001) and fungal ( = 3.18, = 0.26, = 00.006) communities between batches. For the home brew, both alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed no significant differences between all batches and replicates. When the microbial diversity of the home and commercial kombucha types were directly compared, the former had higher proportions of and . The commercial kombucha on the other hand were high in , and For the fungal communities, the most dominant fungal genera detected in both kombucha types were similar. Linear model revealed significant correlations between some microorganisms and the sugars and organic acids assayed in this study. For example, rising glucose levels correlated with an increase in the relative abundance of ( = 7.115, Adj. = 0.44, = 00.0003). We believe these results contribute towards achieving a better control of the kombucha fermentation process and may assist in targeted product diversification.
PubMed: 38420346
DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100694 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Cervical cancer ranks among the most prevalent cancers globally with high-risk human papillomaviruses implicated in nearly 99% of cases. However, hidden players such as... (Review)
Review
Cervical cancer ranks among the most prevalent cancers globally with high-risk human papillomaviruses implicated in nearly 99% of cases. However, hidden players such as changes in the microbiota are now being examined as potential markers in the progression of this disease. Researchers suggest that changes in the vaginal microbiota might correlate with cervical cancer. This review provides a comprehensive look at the microbiota changes linked with the advancement of cervical cancer. It also scrutinizes the databases from past studies on the microbiota during healthy and cancerous stages, drawing connections between prior findings concerning the role of the microbiota in the progression of cervical cancer. Preliminary findings identify spp., spp., spp., and spp., as potential biomarkers for cervical cancer progression. spp., spp., and spp. were identified as potential biomarkers for HPVs (+), while spp. may be indicative of HPV (-). However, the study's limitations, including potential biases and methodological constraints, underscore the need for further research to validate these findings and delve deeper into the microbiota's role in HPV development. Despite these limitations, the review provides valuable insights into microbiota trends during cervical cancer progression, offering direction for future research. The review summarizes key findings from previous studies on microbiota during healthy and cancerous stages, as well as other conditions such as CIN, SIL, HPV (+), and HPV (-), indicating a promising area for further investigation. The consistent presence of HPV across all reported cervical abnormalities, along with the identification of distinct bacterial genera between cancerous and control samples, suggests a potential link that merits further exploration. In conclusion, a more profound understanding of the microbial landscape could elucidate the pathogenesis of cervical diseases and inform future strategies for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
PubMed: 38389527
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1352778 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Mar 2024Here, we present the draft whole-genome sequence of sp. OT2, isolated from human skin on a minimal medium containing -octylphenol ethoxylate (Triton X-100). This...
Here, we present the draft whole-genome sequence of sp. OT2, isolated from human skin on a minimal medium containing -octylphenol ethoxylate (Triton X-100). This genomic information contributes to understanding the niche adaptation on human skin and its catabolism of Triton X-100 in this strain.
PubMed: 38385709
DOI: 10.1128/mra.01193-23 -
The Science of the Total Environment Apr 2024Biofilms, constituting over 95 % of the biomass in drinking water distribution systems, form an ecosystem impacting both the aesthetic and microbiological quality of...
Biofilms, constituting over 95 % of the biomass in drinking water distribution systems, form an ecosystem impacting both the aesthetic and microbiological quality of water. This study investigates the microbiome of biofilms within a real-scale drinking water distribution system in eastern Spain, utilizing amplicon-based metagenomics. Forty-one biofilm samples underwent processing and sequencing to analyze both bacterial and eukaryotic microbiomes, with an assessment of active biomass. Genus-level analysis revealed considerable heterogeneity, with Desulfovibrio, Ralstonia, Bradyrhizobium, Methylocystis, and Bacillus identified as predominant genera. Notably, bacteria associated with corrosion processes, including Desulfovibrio, Sulfuricella, Hyphomicrobium, and Methylobacterium, were prevalent. Potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Helicobacter, Pseudomonas, and Legionella were also detected. Among protozoa, Opisthokonta and Archaeplastida were the most abundant groups in biofilm samples, with potential pathogenic eukaryotes (Acanthamoeba, Naegleria, Blastocystis) identified. Interestingly, no direct correlation between microbiota composition and pipe materials was observed. The study suggests that the usual concentration of free chlorine in bulk water proved insufficient to prevent the presence of undesirable bacteria and protozoa in biofilms, which exhibited a high concentration of active biomass.
Topics: Water Quality; Drinking Water; Microbiota; Bacteria; Biofilms; Water Supply; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 38382601
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171086