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Frontiers in Neurology 2024The observational studies investigated the impact of migraine on Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, these findings were limited by confounding factors and reverse...
BACKGROUND
The observational studies investigated the impact of migraine on Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, these findings were limited by confounding factors and reverse causation, leading to contradictory results.
METHODS
We utilized Univariable Mendelian Randomization (UVMR) to explore the link between migraine (13,971 cases/470,627 controls) and AD risk (Bellenguez et al., 39,106 cases/46,828 controls; FinnGen, 111,471 cases/111,471 controls). Meta-analysis was performed for comprehensive synthesis. Employing Multivariable Mendelian Randomization (MVMR), we created models incorporating migraine and 35 potential AD risk factors, examining migraine's independent impact on AD onset risk under considering these factors.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis of inverse variance weighted MR results, combining data from Bellenguez et al. (odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.5717 [1.1868-2.0814], p = 0.0016) and FinnGen (OR [95% CI]: 1.2904 [0.5419-3.0730], = 0.5646), provided evidence for a causal relationship between genetically predicted migraine and the heightened risk of AD occurrence (OR [95% CI]: 1.54 [1.18, 2.00], < 0.01). After adjusting for Diastolic blood pressure (OR [95% CI]: 1.4120 [0.8487-2.3493], = 0.1840) and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (OR [95% CI]: 1.2411 [0.8352-1.8443], = 0.2852), no discernible association was detected between migraine and the risk of AD.
CONCLUSION
This study offers compelling evidence indicating a significant correlation between genetically predicted migraine and an elevated risk of AD.
PubMed: 38903170
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1401880 -
Frontiers in Neuroanatomy 2024Literature suggests a common pathophysiological ground between carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) and white matter alterations in the brain. However, the association between...
INTRODUCTION
Literature suggests a common pathophysiological ground between carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) and white matter alterations in the brain. However, the association between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) has not been conclusively reported. The current systematic review explores and reports the relationship between CIMT and WMH among asymptomatic/non-stroke adults.
METHODS
A recent literature search on PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases was conducted in compliance with the PRISMA protocol. The pre-defined Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome-Study (PICOS) criteria included observational studies investigating the CIMT-WMH association among non-stroke adults undergoing magnetic resonance imaging and carotid ultrasound.
RESULTS
Out of 255 potential results, 32 studies were critically assessed for selection, and finally, 10 articles were included, comprising 5,116 patients (females = 60.2%; males = 39.8%) aged between 36-71 years. The included studies earned high quality ratings (6-9) based on the Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale criteria. Qualitative synthesis showed a significantly parallel relationship between increased CIMT and greater WMH burden in 50% of the studies. In addition, significant risk factors related to the CIMT-WMH association included older age, hypertension, depression, migraine, Hispanic ethnicity, and apolipoprotein E (ɛ4) in postmenopausal women.
CONCLUSION
Overall, the cumulative evidence showed a consistent CIMT-WMH association in asymptomatic middle-aged and older non-stroke adults, indicating that CAS may contribute to the progression of pathologically hyperintense white matter in the brain. However, further research is warranted to infer the plausible relationship between CIMT and WMH in the absence of stroke.
PubMed: 38903057
DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2024.1394766 -
BMC Zoology Jun 2024Propranolol (PRO) is a beta-blocker drug used for the treatment of anxiety, chest pain, migraine and tremors. The present study investigated whether sublethal...
Propranolol (PRO) is a beta-blocker drug used for the treatment of anxiety, chest pain, migraine and tremors. The present study investigated whether sublethal concentrations of PRO have effects on the body condition, biochemistry, and hematology of Clarias gariepinus juveniles. The 96-h median lethal concentration (LC) of the drug, which was established through an acute toxicity study, was 9.48 mg/L. Based on these values, the fish were exposed for 21 days to the control and sublethal concentrations of 1.90, 0.95, and 0.63 mg/L, which are equivalent to the 1/5th, 1/10th, and 1/20th of the LC of PRO, respectively. After 21 days of exposure, the fish were removed from the toxicant and kept in toxicant-free water for 7 days to recover. The standard length and body weight of each fish were measured after each exposure period. The condition factor (CF) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) were not significantly affected by the drug. The red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) count and packed cell volume (PCV) decreased from day 7 to 21 at the tested concentrations, while the white blood cell (WBC) count significantly increased. There were alterations in the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) in the exposed groups compared to those in the control group. When neutrophil counts increased, the lymphocyte counts decreased, but the monocyte, basophil cell and eosinophil cell counts were not affected. Among the liver enzymes, only aspartate aminotransferase was significantly stimulated in the groups that were exposed to the drug. The protein and glucose levels of fish exposed to the drug decreased. Most of the studied parameters returned to their original values after the 7-day recovery period. The information provided in the current study will be helpful in the monitoring of PRO contamination in aquatic environments.
PubMed: 38902830
DOI: 10.1186/s40850-024-00196-x -
The Journal of Headache and Pain Jun 2024The development of several experimental migraine provocation models has significantly contributed to an understanding of the signaling mechanisms of migraine. The early... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The development of several experimental migraine provocation models has significantly contributed to an understanding of the signaling mechanisms of migraine. The early history of this development and a view to the future are presented as viewed by the inventor of the models.
METHODS
Extensive knowledge of the literature was supplemented by scrutiny of reference lists.
RESULTS
Early studies used methodologies that were not blinded. They suggested that histamine and nitroglycerin (Glyceryl trinitrate, GTN) could induce headache and perhaps migraine. The development of a double blind, placebo-controlled model, and the use of explicit diagnostic criteria for induced migraine was a major step forward. GTN, donor of nitric oxide (NO), induced headache in people with- and without migraine as well as delayed migraine attacks in those with migraine. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) did the same, supporting the development of CGRP antagonists now widely used in patients. Likewise, pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) provoked headache and migraine. Recently a PACAP antibody has shown anti migraine activity in a phase 2 trial. Increase of second messengers activated by NO, CGRP and PACAP effectively induced migraine. The experimental models have also been used in other types of headaches and have been combined with imaging and biochemical studies. They have also been used for drug testing and in genetic studies.
CONCLUSION
Conclusion. Human migraine provocation models have informed about signaling mechanisms of migraine leading to new drugs and drug targets. Future use of these models in imaging-, biochemistry- and genetic studies as well as in the further study of animal models is promising.
Topics: Migraine Disorders; Humans; Animals; Signal Transduction; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Nitroglycerin; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 38902612
DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01796-1 -
The Journal of Headache and Pain Jun 2024Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are considered first-line medications for acute migraine attacks. However, the response exhibits considerable variability...
BACKGROUND
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are considered first-line medications for acute migraine attacks. However, the response exhibits considerable variability among individuals. Thus, this study aimed to explore a machine learning model based on the percentage of amplitude oscillations (PerAF) and gray matter volume (GMV) to predict the response to NSAIDs in migraine treatment.
METHODS
Propensity score matching was adopted to match patients having migraine with response and nonresponse to NSAIDs, ensuring consistency in clinical characteristics and migraine-related features. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging was employed to extract PerAF and GMV, followed by feature selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and recursive feature elimination algorithms. Multiple predictive models were constructed and the final model with the smallest predictive residuals was chosen. The model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROCAUC) curve, area under the precision-recall curve (PRAUC), balance accuracy (BACC), sensitivity, F1 score, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). External validation was performed using a public database. Then, correlation analysis was performed between the neuroimaging predictors and clinical features in migraine.
RESULTS
One hundred eighteen patients with migraine (59 responders and 59 non-responders) were enrolled. Six features (PerAF of left insula and left transverse temporal gyrus; and GMV of right superior frontal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, and left precuneus) were observed. The random forest model with the lowest predictive residuals was selected and model metrics (ROCAUC, PRAUC, BACC, sensitivity, F1 score, PPV, and NPV) in the training and testing groups were 0.982, 0.983, 0.927, 0.976, 0.930, 0.889, and 0.973; and 0.711, 0.648, 0.639, 0.667,0.649, 0.632, and 0.647, respectively. The model metrics of external validation were 0.631, 0.651, 0.611, 0.808, 0.656, 0.553, and 0.706. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between the GMV of the left precuneus and attack time in non-responders.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest the potential of multimodal neuroimaging features in predicting the efficacy of NSAIDs in migraine treatment and provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms underlying migraine and its optimized treatment strategy.
Topics: Humans; Migraine Disorders; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Female; Adult; Male; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gray Matter; Neuroimaging; Machine Learning; Middle Aged; Biomarkers
PubMed: 38902598
DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01812-4 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases Jun 2024Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is one of the most prevalent forms of the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. GPA is characterized...
BACKGROUND
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is one of the most prevalent forms of the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. GPA is characterized histologically by necrotizing granulomatous inflammation in addition to vasculitis. The diagnosis of GPA depends on clinical presentation, serological evidence of a positive ANCA, and/or histological evidence of necrotizing vasculitis or granulomatous destructive parenchymal inflammation. Cytoplasmic ANCA (c-ANCA) is positive in 65%-75% of GPA patients, accompanied by proteinase 3 (PR3), the main target antigen of c-ANCA, another 5% of GPA patients had negative ANCA.
CASE SUMMARY
The patient, a 52-year-old male, presented with unexplained nasal congestion, tinnitus, and hearing loss. After a duration of 4 months experiencing these symptoms, the patient subsequently developed fever and headache. The imaging examination revealed the presence of bilateral auricular mastoiditis and partial paranasal sinusitis, and the ANCA results were negative. The anti-infective therapy proved to be ineffective, but the patient's symptoms and fever were quickly relieved after 1 wk of treatment with methylprednisolone 40 mg once a day. However, after continuous use of methylprednisolone tablets for 3 months, the patient experienced a recurrence of fever accompanied by right-sided migraine, positive c-ANCA and PR3, and increased total protein in cerebrospinal fluid. The patient was diagnosed with GPA. After receiving a treatment regimen of intravenous methylprednisolone 40 mg/d and cyclophosphamide 0.8 g monthly, the patient experienced alleviation of fever and headache. Additionally, the ANCA levels became negative and there has been no recurrence.
CONCLUSION
For GPA patients with negative ANCA, there is a potential for early missed diagnosis. The integration of histopathological results and multidisciplinary communication plays a crucial role in facilitating ANCA-negative GPA.
PubMed: 38899312
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i16.2881 -
Vascular Medicine (London, England) Jun 2024Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a nonatherosclerotic cause of myocardial infarction. Migraine headache has been reported to be common among patients...
INTRODUCTION
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a nonatherosclerotic cause of myocardial infarction. Migraine headache has been reported to be common among patients with SCAD, but the degree of migraine-related disability has not been quantified.
METHODS
Clinical data and headache variables were obtained from the baseline assessment of the prospective, multicenter iSCAD Registry. Migraine-related disability was quantified using the self-reported Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS). Demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and medical characteristics from data entry forms were compared between patients with and without migraine.
RESULTS
Of the 773 patients with available data, 46% reported previous or current migraines. Those with migraines were more likely to be women (96.9% vs 90.3%, = 0.0003). The presence of underlying carotid fibromuscular dysplasia was associated with migraine (35% vs 27%, = 0.0175). There was not a significant association with carotid artery dissection and migraine. Current migraine frequency was less than monthly (58%), monthly (24%), weekly (16%), and daily (3%). Triptan use was reported in 32.5% of patients, and 17.5% used daily migraine prophylactic medications. Using the MIDAS to quantify disability related to migraine, 60.2% reported little or no disability, 14.4% mild, 12.7% moderate, and 12.7% severe. The mean MIDAS score was 9.9 (mild to moderate disability). Patients with SCAD had higher rates of depression and anxiety (28.2% vs 17.7% [ = 0.0004] and 35.3% vs 26.7% [ = 0.0099], respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Migraines are common, frequent, and a source of disability in patients with SCAD. The association between female sex, anxiety, and depression may provide some insight for potential treatment modalities.
Topics: Humans; Female; Registries; Male; Migraine Disorders; Middle Aged; Vascular Diseases; Coronary Vessel Anomalies; Adult; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Disability Evaluation; Aged; Fibromuscular Dysplasia; Depression
PubMed: 38898631
DOI: 10.1177/1358863X241252444 -
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics Jun 2024Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization studies have been increasingly utilized to identify potential drug targets for diseases. We aimed to identify potential therapeutic...
BACKGROUND
Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization studies have been increasingly utilized to identify potential drug targets for diseases. We aimed to identify potential therapeutic targets for migraine and its subtypes through the application of Mendelian randomization and co-localization analysis methods.
METHODS
We utilized cis-protein quantitative trait loci data for 1378 plasma proteins available from two studies with 7213 individuals and 35,559 individuals, respectively. Summary data for migraine and its subtypes were obtained from a genetic study involving up to 1,339,303 individuals. Proteins that passed both the discovery and validation Mendelian randomization analysis, sensitivity analysis, heterogeneity test, and pleiotropy test, were associated with ≥2 outcomes, and received strong support from co-localization analysis (PP.H4.abf ≥0.80) and were classified as tier 1 proteins.
RESULTS
We identified three tier 1 proteins (LRP11, ITIH1, and ADGRF5), whose genes have not been previously identified as causal genes for migraine in genetic studies. LRP11 was significantly associated with the risk of any migraine (OR [odds ratio] = 0.968, 95% CI [confidence interval] = 0.955-0.981, p = 1.27 × 10) and significantly/suggestively associated with three migraine subtypes. ITIH1 was significantly associated with the risk of any migraine (OR = 1.044, 95% CI = 1.024-1.065, p = 1.08 × 10) and migraine with visual disturbances. ADGRF5 was significantly associated with the risk of any migraine (OR = 0.964, 95% CI = 0.946-0.982, p = 8.74 × 10) and suggestively associated with migraine with aura. The effects of LRP11 and ADGRF5 were further replicated using cerebrospinal fluid protein data. Apart from ADGRF5, there was no evidence of potential adverse consequences when modulating the plasma levels. We also identified another four proteins (PLCG1, ARHGAP25, CHGA, and MANBA) with no potential adverse consequences when modulating the plasma levels, and their genes were not reported by previous genetic studies.
CONCLUSIONS
We found compelling evidence for two proteins and suggestive evidence for four proteins that could be promising targets for migraine treatment without significant adverse consequences. The corresponding genes were not reported in previous genetic studies. Future studies are needed to confirm the causal role of these proteins and explore the underlying mechanisms.
Topics: Humans; Genome-Wide Association Study; Migraine Disorders; Proteome; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Quantitative Trait Loci; Female; Male; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
PubMed: 38898596
DOI: 10.1111/cns.14817 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024This study aims to investigate auditory hypersensitivity and cortical function in migraine patients using the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and the Event-Related Potential...
This study aims to investigate auditory hypersensitivity and cortical function in migraine patients using the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and the Event-Related Potential (ERP) technique. The study analyzes alterations in the latency and amplitude of the event-related potentials MMN and P300 components. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the physiological relationship between migraine and auditory hypersensitivity. Seventeen migraine patients were admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Peking University People's Hospital from June 2023 to September 2023. Nineteen matched healthy subjects were also selected. All participants underwent the pure tone audiometry and the auditory brainstem response test to determine hearing thresholds, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, and an ERP examination. The Oddball classical paradigm was used as the stimulation task, and electroencephalography signals were recorded synchronously. The scores of the Hyperacusis Questionnaire, latency and amplitude of MMN and P300 component were compared between the migraine group and the control group, and their correlation was analyzed. The latency of MMN at the Fz and Cz sites in migraine patients was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and the amplitudes were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The variances in latency and amplitude of P300 at Cz and Pz sites in migraine patients were not statistically significant when compared with the control group. (P > 0.05). The Hyperacusis Questionnaire was negatively correlated with MMN latency, with a correlation coefficient of - 0.374 (P = 0.025), and positively correlated with MMN amplitude, with a correlation coefficient of 0.378 (P = 0.023). There was no significant similarity between the Hyperacusis Questionnaire and P300 latency and amplitude (P > 0.05). Overall, auditory hypersensitivity was enhanced in individuals with migraines compared to healthy individuals, leading to faster information processing, while there may be less impairment in cognitive function.
Topics: Humans; Female; Migraine Disorders; Male; Hyperacusis; Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Middle Aged; Electroencephalography; Event-Related Potentials, P300; Evoked Potentials; Case-Control Studies; Young Adult; Audiometry, Pure-Tone
PubMed: 38898084
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65014-3 -
Journal of Nippon Medical School =... Jun 2024A 56-year-old right-handed man was referred to our hospital for evaluation of sudden-onset transient quadrantanopia, which was followed by throbbing headache consistent...
A 56-year-old right-handed man was referred to our hospital for evaluation of sudden-onset transient quadrantanopia, which was followed by throbbing headache consistent with migraine with aura (MA). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the right parieto-occipital cortex on admission showed a hyperintense region on diffusion-weighted imaging, which disappeared 7 days later. A small cortical infarct in the parieto-occipital cortex can cause MA-like headache, and the present infarct lesion was only detectable on MRI during the acute phase. Performing MRI for patients with suspected acute MA might help identify the cause of MA-like headache and ensure appropriate management of patients.
PubMed: 38897949
DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2025_92-103