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Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jun 2024: Although the growing literature is now focusing on the long-term effects of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD), there is still a large gap of...
: Although the growing literature is now focusing on the long-term effects of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson's disease (PD), there is still a large gap of knowledge about its long-term implications in rehabilitation. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effects of rehabilitation in PD patients years after DBS implantation. This retrospective case-control study analyzed records from Moriggia-Pelascini Hospital, Italy from September 2022 to January 2024. Data of PD patients ( = 47) with (DBS group, = 22) and without (control group, = 25) DBS were considered. All study participants underwent a daily rehabilitation program lasting four weeks, including warm-up, aerobic exercises, strength training, postural exercises, and proprioceptive activities. The outcomes assessed were the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG), 6 Min Walk Test (6MWT), and Self-Assessment Parkinson Disease Scale (SPDDS). DBS group showed significant improvements in terms of all outcome measures after the rehabilitation intervention (UPDRS III: -7.0 (-11.5 to -1.0); = 0.001; UPDRS I II IV: -12.0 (-19.0 to -4.5); = 0.001; BBS: 7.0 (3.8 to 10.3); < 0.001; TUG (s): -2.8 (-5.7 to -1.1); < 0.001; SPDDS: -8 (-13.0 to -4.0); < 0.001; 6MWT (m): 81 (37.3 to 132.3); < 0.001). No differences were reported in the between-group analysis (p: NS). : This study emphasizes positive rehabilitation effects on PD patients irrespective of DBS status. Further research is essential to elucidate long-term effects of DBS on rehabilitation outcomes of PD patients.
Topics: Humans; Parkinson Disease; Deep Brain Stimulation; Female; Male; Retrospective Studies; Aged; Middle Aged; Case-Control Studies; Treatment Outcome; Italy; Postural Balance
PubMed: 38929544
DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060927 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) May 2024: Physiotherapy approaches are used to eliminate the problems caused by cervicogenic headache (CHA), known as secondary headache associated with the structures of the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effects of Cervical Mobilization with Clinical Pilates Exercises on Pain, Muscle Stiffness and Head and Neck Blood Flow in Cervicogenic Headache: Randomized Controlled Trial.
: Physiotherapy approaches are used to eliminate the problems caused by cervicogenic headache (CHA), known as secondary headache associated with the structures of the upper cervical region. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cervical mobilization (CM) with clinical Pilates exercises (CPE) on pain, muscle stiffness and head-neck blood flow in CGH. : A total of 25 patients participated in this randomized controlled study and were randomized into either the CM group or the CM+CPE group. All treatment methods were applied 3 days a week for 6 weeks. The outcome measure was headache intensity and frequency, the number of analgesics, muscle stiffness and vertebral artery (VA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) blood flow. Headache intensity was measured by a visual analogue scale, muscle stiffness by a myotonometer and blood flow by Doppler US. Evaluations were repeated after 6 weeks of treatment. Within-group comparisons were made by the Wilcoxon signed rank test, and between-group comparisons were made by the Mann-Whitney U test. : After treatments in the two groups, headache intensity and frequency and the number of analgesics decreased, the muscle stiffness of the suboccipital, upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles decreased, and the blood flow of the ICA and VA increased ( < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of headache intensity ( = 0.025) and muscle stiffness in SKM ( = 0.044) in favor of the CM+CPE group. : Non-pharmacological treatment approaches have an important role in CHA related to the upper cervical region. This study suggests that it would be beneficial to add CM in combination with CPE to the non-pharmacological treatment of patients with CHA.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Adult; Post-Traumatic Headache; Middle Aged; Exercise Movement Techniques; Treatment Outcome; Exercise Therapy; Neck Muscles; Pain Measurement
PubMed: 38929469
DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060852 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) May 2024: The World Health Organization reports that back pain is a major cause of disorder worldwide. It is the most common musculoskeletal disorder with limited pain, muscle...
: The World Health Organization reports that back pain is a major cause of disorder worldwide. It is the most common musculoskeletal disorder with limited pain, muscle tension, and stiffness, and 70-80% of all individuals experience it once in their lifetime, with higher prevalence in women than in men. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gluteal muscle strengthening exercise- based core stabilization training (GSE-based CST) on pain, function, fear-avoidance patterns, and quality of life in patients with chronic back pain. This study included 34 patients with non-specific chronic low back pain. Seventeen individuals each were included in GSE-based CST and control groups. The GSE-based CST group performed GSE and CST for 15 min, three times a week for four weeks, and the control group performed CST for 30 min a day, three times a week for four weeks. The numeric pain rating scale was used to evaluate pain before and after treatment, Roland-Morris disability questionnaire was used to evaluate function, fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire was used to evaluate fear-avoidance patterns, and quality of life was measured using the short form-36. In this study, pain, function, and fear-avoidance pattern decreased significantly in both groups (All < 0.05). During the evaluation of quality of life, both groups showed significant increase in physical and mental factors ( < 0.05). There were significant differences in pain and quality of life ( < 0.05) between the GSE-based CST and control groups. Therefore, GSE-based CST can be used as a basis for effective intervention to enhance pain, function, fear-avoidance patterns, and quality of life, emphasizing the need for gluteal muscle strengthening exercises in patients with non-specific chronic back pain in the future.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Low Back Pain; Male; Female; Adult; Middle Aged; Exercise Therapy; Buttocks; Muscle Strength; Pain Measurement; Chronic Pain; Surveys and Questionnaires; Resistance Training; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38929466
DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060849 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Jun 2024The Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram (RHpE) was developed to facilitate the identification of musculoskeletal pain. The aim of the current study was to collate behavioural...
The Ridden Horse Pain Ethogram (RHpE) was developed to facilitate the identification of musculoskeletal pain. The aim of the current study was to collate behavioural data using the RHpE from horses at competitions assumed by their owners and/or riders to be fit for competition. The objectives were to quantify the frequency of occurrence of behaviours in pain-free horses and those with lameness or abnormalities of canter and to determine any differences between disciplines and levels of competition. The RHpE was applied to 1358 horses competing in Grand Prix (GP) dressage (n = 211), 5* three-day events (TDE) (n = 137), or low-level one-day events (ODE) (n = 1010). The median RHpE score for all horses was 4 (interquartile range [IQR] 2, 5; range 0, 12) and the median lameness grade was 0 (IQR 0, 1; range 0, 4). The Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's test for pairwise comparisons, found a difference in median RHpE scores between low-level ODE and GP dressage ( = 0.001), but not between 5* TDE and low-level ODE ( = 0.09) or between GP dressage and 5* TDE ( = 1.00). The median RHpE score was highest for low-level ODE. The Chi-square/Fisher's exact test identified a significant difference in prevalence of most of the 24 behaviours of the RHpE in non-lame compared with lame horses. Recognition of the behaviours of non-lame horses may improve equine welfare and performance, and rider comfort, confidence, and safety.
PubMed: 38929449
DOI: 10.3390/ani14121831 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Jun 2024This literature review analyzes the historical development of polo, its organizational structure, the course of the game, as well as the breeding, rearing, and training... (Review)
Review
This literature review analyzes the historical development of polo, its organizational structure, the course of the game, as well as the breeding, rearing, and training practices of polo horses. Frequently occurring ailments, such as musculoskeletal injuries, respiratory diseases, and internal illnesses, are highlighted. Lameness is a major problem, with injuries to the superficial digital flexor tendon being the most common cause. Other notable diseases include exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH), myositis, rhabdomyolysis, and equine infectious anemia (EIA). To ensure the welfare of polo horses, effective prevention and management strategies are crucial. These include proper training, the adaptation of the ground surface, appropriate shoeing, and compliance with animal welfare guidelines and association rules. Collaboration between associations, players, organizers, and veterinarians is crucial. Promoting responsible management practices and raising awareness among stakeholders can help ensure that polo continues to thrive while maintaining high animal welfare standards.
PubMed: 38929354
DOI: 10.3390/ani14121735 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Tooth eruption is an essential process for the development of the oral and maxillofacial system. Several inherited and acquired diseases might affect this tightly... (Review)
Review
Tooth eruption is an essential process for the development of the oral and maxillofacial system. Several inherited and acquired diseases might affect this tightly regulated process, resulting in premature, delayed, or even failed tooth eruption. The purpose of this article is to review the literature and the clinical parameters of metabolic bone diseases that affect tooth eruption. It examines the physiological aspects of tooth eruption and the pathophysiological changes induced by metabolic bone diseases, including changes in bone metabolism, density, and structure. The search strategy for this review included an electronic search in PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library using the following keywords: "metabolic bone diseases", "tooth eruption", "delayed tooth eruption", and each reported disease in combination with "tooth eruption disorders", covering publications up to March 2024 and limited to English-language sources. Understanding the influence of metabolic bone diseases on tooth eruption is crucial for managing both dental and skeletal manifestations associated with these disorders. This review suggests that a multidisciplinary approach to treatment may significantly improve oral outcomes for patients suffering from such conditions. Clinicians should be aware of the specific dental abnormalities that may arise and consider comprehensive evaluations and individualized treatment plans. These findings underscore the need for further research into targeted therapies that address these abnormalities.
PubMed: 38929327
DOI: 10.3390/children11060748 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common form of scoliosis. As the name suggests, etiopathogenesis is not clearly defined, so treatment is still anchored in the...
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common form of scoliosis. As the name suggests, etiopathogenesis is not clearly defined, so treatment is still anchored in the musculoskeletal theory and correction/prevention of high Cobb angle values. This study aimed to determine whether there is any connection between developing scoliotic curvature and a positive history of motion sickness as a symptom of a peripheral vestibular dysfunction/deficit, and if vestibular rehabilitation exercises could be integrated into the treatment plan. The study was conducted over 12 months on a selected population of 159 patients to evaluate or treat scoliotic curvatures in a private clinic. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 and illustrated using Microsoft Office Excel/Word 2021. Patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction had significantly higher Cobb angle values when compared to patients with a negative result in an instrumental test for peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Motion sickness was considerably more associated with peripheral vestibular dysfunction, and a positive Fukuda stepping test was associated with a positive history of motion sickness. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with higher Cobb angles is related to positive motion sickness history as part of peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Conservative treatment for scoliosis could incorporate sensory integration techniques, and a positive history of motion sickness could be an indicator of a higher risk of progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
PubMed: 38929302
DOI: 10.3390/children11060723 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Chondroblastoma (CB), a rare benign bone tumor that produces chondrocytes, often develops in the epiphysis or apophysis of children and young adults. The treatment of...
BACKGROUND
Chondroblastoma (CB), a rare benign bone tumor that produces chondrocytes, often develops in the epiphysis or apophysis of children and young adults. The treatment of these rare tumors is complex. The standard treatment protocol involves curettage with local adjuvants and bone graft or cement application. The authors examined 38 CBs to determine risk factors for local recurrence, complications, and functional outcomes following epiphyseal curettage.
METHODS
Twenty-two girls and sixteen boys aged 10 to 17 years with histologically confirmed chondroblastoma who arrived at our hospital between January 2000 and June 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical data, radiographic images, histological results, treatment, functional outcomes, and the local recurrence rate were examined-surgical treatment involved total tumor curettage, followed by bone grafting and adjuvant techniques. Local recurrences have also been reported.
RESULTS
The most frequently affected site was the proximal femur. Sites of involvement included the proximal femur in 10 (26.3%) cases, the proximal tibia in 8 (20.8%), the humerus in 5 cases (13.2%), the distal tibia in 4 cases (10.5%), the distal femur in 3 cases (7.9%), the supracetabular region in 3 cases (7.9%), the talus in 1 case (2.6%), the calcaneus in 1 case (2.6%), the scapula in 1 case (2.6%), the lumbar spine in 1 case (2.6%), and the iliac bone in 1 (2.6%) patient. The mean follow-up was 144.2 months (24 to 276). The local recurrence rate was 7.9%. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score was 28.3 points (17 to 30). The mean duration of symptoms at presentation was 5.8 (range, 1 to 28) months.
CONCLUSION
Aggressive curettage and bone grafting resulted in local control and good outcomes in most pediatric patients. In a relatively small proportion of cases, long-term complications and recurrence can occur due to growth plate damage and late diagnosis. In patients admitted to the pediatric clinic with pain, which is often accompanied by localized edema and joint effusion, early detection via advanced radiological scans (X-ray, CT, or MRI) may prevent delays in diagnosis.
PubMed: 38929251
DOI: 10.3390/children11060672 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Recognized as one of the most serious musculoskeletal deformities, occurring in 1-2 per 1000 newborns, 80% of clubfeet are idiopathic while 20% present with associated...
BACKGROUND
Recognized as one of the most serious musculoskeletal deformities, occurring in 1-2 per 1000 newborns, 80% of clubfeet are idiopathic while 20% present with associated malformations. The etiopathogenesis of clubfoot is described as multifactorial, including both genetic and environmental risk factors. The aim of this study was to analyze possible genetic causes of isolated and syndromic clubfoot in Serbian children, as well as to correlate clinical and genetic characteristics that would provide insight into clubfoot etiopathogenesis and possibly contribute to global knowledge about clinical features of different genetically defined disorders.
METHODS
We evaluated 50 randomly selected, eligible children with clubfoot aged 3 to 16 years that were initially hospitalized and treated at University Children's Hospital between November 2006 and November 2022. The tested parameters were gender, age, dominant foot, affected foot, degree of deformity, treatment, neuromuscular disorders, positive family history, and maternal smoking. According to the presence of defined genetic mutation/s by whole exome sequencing (WES), patients were separated into two groups: positive (with genetic mutation/s) and negative (without genetic mutation/s).
RESULTS
Seven patients were found to be positive, i.e., with genetic mutation/s. A statistically significant difference between categorical variables was found for families with a history of clubfoot, where more than half (57.14%) of patients with confirmed genetic mutation/s also had a family history of genetic mutation/s ( = 0.023).
CONCLUSIONS
The results from this study further expand the genetic epidemiology of clubfoot. This study contributes to the establishment of genetic diagnostic strategies in pediatric patients with this condition, which can lead to more efficient genetic diagnosis.
PubMed: 38929227
DOI: 10.3390/children11060647 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2024Older adults have a high risk for musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, and mental health problems. We compared respiratory muscle strength, cardiovascular endurance,...
BACKGROUND
Older adults have a high risk for musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, and mental health problems. We compared respiratory muscle strength, cardiovascular endurance, physical activity (PA), and depression between older adults with and without sarcopenia.
METHODS
This matched case-control study included 200 Thai older adults (100 participants with and without sarcopenia). According to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019, participants completed a handgrip dynamometer, a 6 m walk test, and bioimpedance analysis for sarcopenia screening. Individuals were required to evaluate their cardiovascular endurance and respiratory muscle strength and complete a set of questionnaires (i.e., depression and PA). Participants with and without sarcopenia were compared using a -test, and ANOVA was used for subgroup analysis.
RESULTS
Participants with sarcopenia had significantly lower inspiratory muscle strength ( < 0.001), functional capacity ( = 0.032), PA ( < 0.001), and higher depression scores ( < 0.001) than those without sarcopenia. Respiratory muscle strength and PA were significantly reduced in those with severe sarcopenia, followed by those with sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, and no sarcopenia. Older adults with severe sarcopenia had higher depression scores than those with sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, or no sarcopenia.
CONCLUSIONS
Older adults with sarcopenia may exhibit lower cardiorespiratory performance, less PA, and higher depression than those without sarcopenia.
Topics: Humans; Case-Control Studies; Aged; Sarcopenia; Male; Thailand; Female; Depression; Exercise; Muscle Strength; Aged, 80 and over; Respiratory Muscles; Middle Aged; Cardiorespiratory Fitness; Southeast Asian People
PubMed: 38928970
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060724