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European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry May 2024Dilaceration can lead to impaction of maxillary incisors, resulting in both aesthetic and functional problems. This case report presents the multidisciplinary approach...
BACKGROUND
Dilaceration can lead to impaction of maxillary incisors, resulting in both aesthetic and functional problems. This case report presents the multidisciplinary approach to managing an inverse impacted dilacerated left lateral incisor in a 9-year-old male patient.
CASE REPORT
The orthodontic alignment of the remaining three incisors was achieved within six months. After using the diode laser to remove the gingiva covering the right lateral incisor during alignment process, a lingual button was bonded. The primary left canine and the impacted permanent left lateral incisor were extracted by raising the full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap, followed by the transplantation of the dilacerated lateral incisor into its correct position, splinted to the adjacent central incisors using composite resin. Root canal treatment was performed after the apical plug was created with mineral trioxide aggregate. The composite splint was removed after three weeks, and a new bracket was bonded to the left lateral incisor. It was left passively for 18 months until the permanent canines started to erupt. Light orthodontic forces were then applied for six months, and a passive eruption was expected over three months to properly position the canines within the dental arch. After an 11-year follow-up, the incisor displayed no clinical symptoms, although radiographic examination revealed external resorption in the long-term.
CONCLUSION
This case demonstrates the successful and fast autotransplantation of an immature inverse impacted dilacerated incisor, highlighting the long-term clinical success and favorable aesthetic outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Male; Child; Incisor; Tooth, Impacted; Follow-Up Studies; Transplantation, Autologous; Root Canal Therapy; Maxilla; Composite Resins; Lasers, Semiconductor; Cuspid; Calcium Compounds; Oxides; Drug Combinations; Aluminum Compounds; Silicates
PubMed: 38804663
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2024.2017 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024This study aimed to explore the effects of removable aligners and fixed appliances on the supragingival bacterial communities in adult female patients undergoing... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Comparative characterization of supragingival plaque microbiomes in malocclusion adult female patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with removable aligners or fixed appliances: a descriptive cross-sectional study.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to explore the effects of removable aligners and fixed appliances on the supragingival bacterial communities in adult female patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.
METHODS
Supragingival plaque samples from 48 female individuals underwent microbiome analysis (16S rRNA gene sequencing) using PacBio Sequel sequencing. The study included 13 adults without orthodontic treatment needs as the control group (Group C), and 35 patients with comparable initial orthodontic conditions who received treatment at a university clinic in Beijing, China. The treatment involved either traditional fixed brackets (Group B, n = 17) or Invisalign aligners (Group AT, n = 18). Bioinformatics methods were used for data analysis.
RESULTS
From the 48 plaque samples, a total of 334,961 valid reads were obtained, averaging 6,978 sequences per sample. The 16S rDNA sequences were classified into 25,727 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). Significant variances in alpha and beta diversity among the groups were noted. Group B microbiome exhibited an increased presence of Gram-negative bacteria. At the phylum level, was significantly more prevalent in Group C samples, while was enriched in Group B samples. Family-level relative abundance analysis showed a notable increase in (formerly TM7) and in Group B. Genus-level analysis revealed a significant rise in in Group AT. Fixed orthodontic appliances were linked to oral microbiome changes, notably an enhanced relative abundance of anaerobes, including periodontal pathogens.
CONCLUSION
The observation points to the impact of orthodontic appliance on the oral microbial community, highlighting the difference between traditional braces (Group B) and clear aligners (Group AT)in terms of the predominance of anaerobic and gram negative bacteria. This emphasizes the importance of considering the microbiological effects when choosing orthodontic appliance and underscores the need for tailored oral hygiene practices for individuals undergoing these treatments. This research might provide insights that could assist in the development of innovative cleaning techniques and antibacterial materials.
Topics: Humans; Female; Microbiota; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adult; Dental Plaque; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Young Adult; Malocclusion; Bacteria; DNA, Bacterial; China; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable
PubMed: 38803569
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1350181 -
BMC Oral Health May 2024High speed electric handpieces have recently been growing in popularity among dental professionals. Advantages include smoother surface preparation and increased cutting... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
High speed electric handpieces have recently been growing in popularity among dental professionals. Advantages include smoother surface preparation and increased cutting efficiency.
AIM
The primary objective was to compare enamel surface roughness following resin cleanup after bracket debonding using highspeed air turbine versus electric handpiece. The secondary objective was to record the time needed for resin-clean up.
METHOD
Forty deidentified freshly extracted human premolars were cleaned and sectioned at the cement-enamel junction. The crowns were embedded in acrylic blocks. Enamel surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rz, Rp and Rv) were measured using a stylus profilometer. Brackets were bonded using a light-cure orthodontic adhesive and stored in distilled water for 24 h. Following bracket debonding, the specimens were randomly divided into 2 groups: First group: resin clean-up was carried out using a 12-fluted carbide bur mounted on a high-speed air turbine; and second group: where an electric handpiece was used. Surface roughness parameters were measured following resin clean up and after polishing using pumice and a rubber cup. Time needed for resin clean-up was recorded. Differences in enamel surface roughness and time between groups were compared using repeated measures ANOVA and independent samples t-test, respectively at P ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS
The electric handpiece groups showed significantly higher values for Ra, Rz and Rp both following resin cleanup and polishing. Time taken for resin cleanup was significantly longer for the electric handpiece group.
CONCLUSION
Considering both surface roughness and time, electric handpiece do not seem to add greater effectiveness or efficiency to resin cleanup following orthodontic bracket debonding.
Topics: Humans; Surface Properties; Dental Debonding; Dental Enamel; Dental High-Speed Equipment; In Vitro Techniques; Resin Cements; Orthodontic Brackets; Time Factors; Bicuspid; Dental Polishing
PubMed: 38796434
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04339-x -
Journal of Functional Biomaterials May 2024The objective of this study was to explore the effects of fixed orthodontic appliances on enamel structure by assessing microfractures, surface roughness, and... (Review)
Review
AIM
The objective of this study was to explore the effects of fixed orthodontic appliances on enamel structure by assessing microfractures, surface roughness, and alterations in color.
METHODS
This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A systematic search of online databases was conducted using the keywords 'enamel' AND 'orthodontic debonding'. Eligibility criteria included both in vivo and ex vivo clinical trials conducted on human teeth.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A total of 14 relevant papers were analyzed. Various instruments and techniques were utilized across different studies to assess surface roughness, color change, and surface fractures.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study suggest that ceramic brackets may lead to an increase in enamel fractures, particularly during bracket removal. The surface roughness of enamel exhibits variability depending on the adhesive substance and polishing methods used post-removal. Fixed orthodontic appliances could induce changes in enamel color, which may be alleviated by the use of nano-hydroxyapatite or specific polishing techniques. Further research is necessary to identify effective strategies for managing these color changes and improving the overall outcomes of fixed orthodontic treatment.
PubMed: 38786634
DOI: 10.3390/jfb15050123 -
Journal of Orthodontic Science 2024Enamel demineralization is a very common occurrence around bonded brackets in an orthodontic practice. Fluoride (FLR) applications have been used to prevent... (Review)
Review
Enamel demineralization is a very common occurrence around bonded brackets in an orthodontic practice. Fluoride (FLR) applications have been used to prevent decalcification and further progression of white spot lesions. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to systematically appraise available literature on the effectiveness of fluoride mouthrinse in the prevention of demineralization around fixed orthodontic appliances. A search was conducted for randomized controlled clinical trials among four electronic databases (MEDLINE, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Cochrane Review) through MeSH terms and keywords. Studies were excluded if random allocation was not conducted, or if they were animal or studies. About 146 articles were screened and 5 studies were selected for the present review. Only two studies were selected for MA due to variations in the measurement of outcomes among studies. This review concluded that rinsing with FLR in the course of the fixed orthodontic treatment lessens demineralization around the bracket. Using FLR mouthrinse to inhibit the formation of white spot lesions or dental caries in patients with multiple cavities or restoration can be considered in clinical practice.
PubMed: 38784077
DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_116_23 -
Journal of Orthodontic Science 2024White spot lesions (WSLs) refer to localized areas of hypo-mineralization limited to the enamel of the teeth surface, which is noticeable clinically to the naked eye on... (Review)
Review
White spot lesions (WSLs) refer to localized areas of hypo-mineralization limited to the enamel of the teeth surface, which is noticeable clinically to the naked eye on drying of the teeth. During fixed orthodontic treatment, it is very hard for the patient to maintain excellent oral hygiene as the brackets, bands, wires, elastics, and other appliances and attachments worn intra-orally provide a platform for food retention, plaque formation, and then colonization by acidogenic bacteria like and . This review aims to elaborate and focus on etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment aspect, and future scope for research about the WSLs occurring due to fixed orthodontic treatment.
PubMed: 38784071
DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_205_23 -
Clinical Oral Investigations May 2024White spot lesions are the most common iatrogenic effect observed during orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to compare the surface characteristics and antibacterial... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Evaluation of the surface characteristics and antibacterial properties of Titanium dioxide nanotube and methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine (MPC) coated orthodontic brackets-a comparative invitro study.
OBJECTIVES
White spot lesions are the most common iatrogenic effect observed during orthodontic treatment. This study aimed to compare the surface characteristics and antibacterial action of uncoated and coated orthodontic brackets.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty commercially available stainless steel brackets were coated with TiO nanotubes and methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine. The sample was divided into Group 1: uncoated orthodontic brackets, Group 2: Stainless steel brackets with TiO nanotubes coating, Group 3: Stainless steel brackets with methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine coating, and Group 4: Stainless steel brackets with TiO nanotubes combined with methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine coating. Surface characterization was assessed using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Streptococcus mutans was selected to test the antibacterial ability of the orthodontic brackets, total bacterial adhesion and bacterial viability were assessed. The brackets were subjected to scanning electron microscopy to detect the presence of biofilm.
RESULTS
The surface roughness was the greatest in Group 1 and least in Group 2 followed by Group 4 and Group 3 coated brackets. The optical density values were highest in Group 1 and lowest in Group 4. Comparison of colony counts revealed high counts in Group 1 and low counts in Group 4. A positive correlation between surface roughness and colony counts was obtained, however, was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS
The coated orthodontic brackets exhibited less surface roughness than the uncoated orthodontic brackets. Group 4 coated orthodontic brackets showed the best antibacterial properties.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Coated orthodontic brackets prevent adhesion of streptococcus mutans and reduces plaque accumulation around the brackets thereby preventing formation of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment.
Topics: Titanium; Orthodontic Brackets; Phosphorylcholine; Surface Properties; Streptococcus mutans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanotubes; Bacterial Adhesion; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Materials Testing; Stainless Steel; Methacrylates; Biofilms; Coated Materials, Biocompatible
PubMed: 38761310
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05655-w -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... May 2024The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate adhesive remnants on the enamel surface following bracket debonding using a freezing element. Thirty-six sound...
The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate adhesive remnants on the enamel surface following bracket debonding using a freezing element. Thirty-six sound premolars were used in this study. In each case, a bracket was bonded onto each tooth with conventional light-cured composite resin and de-bonded after one week. Freezing of the underlying composite through the bracket was performed immediately before debonding with a portable cryosurgical system (-55 °C). Specimens were divided into three groups according to the duration of freezing: a control group without freezing was used as a reference and two interventional groups with different durations of freezing (15 or 40 s). Brackets were removed by using debonding pliers to squeeze the wings of the bracket in an occluso-gingival manner. Adhesive remnants on the tooth were then quantitatively evaluated by stereo-microscopy. Pearson's Chi-squared test was used to investigate the relationship between the proportion of remaining resin and the group of teeth. In the control group, 100% of the composite remained on the enamel surface of all specimens. Significantly less adhesive remnants were found in the intervention groups ( = 0.001 for the 15 s group and = 0.043 for the 40 s group). There was no significant difference between the two interventions ( = 0.165) in terms of the proportion of remaining adhesive remnants. Freezing of the bracket and the underlying adhesive resin prior to bracket debonding may favorably alter the behavioral pattern of composite fracture, thus reducing the extent of adhesive remnants on the enamel. Increasing the freezing time from 15 to 40 s did not exert significant effects on adhesive remnants following debonding. Further research now needs to investigate the effect of freezing on the mechanical properties of the adhesive remnants and its effect on pulp vitality over both short- and long-terms.
Topics: Humans; Dental Debonding; Freezing; Orthodontic Brackets; Composite Resins; Dental Enamel; In Vitro Techniques; Resin Cements; Dental Cements; Bicuspid; Materials Testing
PubMed: 38755979
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2024.056 -
International Dental Journal May 2024Orthodontic treatment with fixed vestibular appliances is still widely used worldwide. When choosing the aesthetic alternative of ceramic brackets, the possibility of...
INTRODUCTION
Orthodontic treatment with fixed vestibular appliances is still widely used worldwide. When choosing the aesthetic alternative of ceramic brackets, the possibility of failure and cracking of braces should be considered. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the failure rates of ceramic and metal brackets in a 12-month clinical study.
METHODS
Eighty patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with vestibular appliances were enrolled and divided into 2 equal groups: MET for metal brackets and CER for ceramic brackets. After bonding, bracket failures were recorded for 12 months, along with the archwire placed at the time of failure. Angle's dental class, skeletal class, Wits appraisal, Little's irregularity index, overjet, overbite, age, and gender of the patients were recorded from pretreatment cephalometric tracings and study casts. The data were statistically analysed (P < .05).
RESULTS
Significantly higher failure rates were found for ceramic brackets in the overall analysis, in the mandibular arch, and in the posterior region. Regression analysis revealed a significant influence of round nickel-titanium archwires on higher failure rates, whilst a significant influence of rectangular archwires was found on lower failure rates.
CONCLUSIONS
Ceramic brackets showed higher failure rates. Patients should be aware that orthodontic treatment with ceramic brackets may involve delays and inconvenience due to the higher failure rate compared to metal brackets.
PubMed: 38744578
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.04.023 -
Frontiers in Dentistry 2024The reduction of resistance to sliding between the archwire and bracket promotes more seamless tooth movement, leading to a faster and improved orthodontic treatment...
The reduction of resistance to sliding between the archwire and bracket promotes more seamless tooth movement, leading to a faster and improved orthodontic treatment experience. This research aimed to examine how the degradation of elastomeric modules, different ligation methods, bracket-wire angle, and wire type (nickel titanium, NiTi or stainless-steel, SS) impact the kinetic friction resulting from the interaction between NiTi or SS archwires and SS brackets. The current in vitro study was conducted on nine groups, including NiTi and SS archwires with three types of ligations (O-ring, figure of 8, and SS wire ligature) and two bracket-wire angles (0˚ and 10˚). The kinetic friction in each group was measured using a Universal Testing Machine at four time intervals: baseline, day one, week one, and week four. Repeated measures ANOVA, Mauchly test of sphericity followed by the Greenhouse-Geisser test, and relevant post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis (P<0.05). The authors found a decrease in kinetic friction in all types of ligations, which confirmed the effect of time on the degradation of ligation modules. The kinetic friction of figure of 8 ligations was higher than both O-ring and SS wire ligations. No difference was observed between O-ring and SS wire ligations. Furthermore, the bracket-wire angle did not affect friction. The authors suggest that the use of figure of 8 ligations in NiTi and SS wires should be limited due to their high friction and replaced with other types of ligations, if possible.
PubMed: 38742224
DOI: 10.18502/fid.v21i10.15222