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Gynecological Endocrinology : the... Dec 2024
Topics: Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Female; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Adult; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38813954
DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2024.2359031 -
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2023This study was designed to evaluate the relationship of two new biomarkers [tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) and sestrin 2 levels], which were previously associated with...
BACKGROUND/AIM
This study was designed to evaluate the relationship of two new biomarkers [tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) and sestrin 2 levels], which were previously associated with obesity, with metabolic parameters in obese and nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This cross-sectional case control study was conducted between September 2017 and August 2019 in the gynecology department of a tertiary referral hospital. The values of the plasma sestrin 2, TRB3, insulin, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were compared in 90 obese women with PCOS (BMI > 30), 90 women with nonobese PCOS (BMI < 30), and 90 control patients (BMI < 30).
RESULTS
The mean age of the study group consisting of all PCOS patients (26.11 ± 4.64 years) and the mean age of the control group (26.3 ± 4.4 years) were statistically similar (p = 0.239). The serum sestrin 2 values of the obese PCOS group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the control and non-obese PCOS groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.0001), while the sestrin 2 values of the nonobese PCOS group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the control group (p = 0.0001). The TRB3 values of the control group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the obese and nonobese PCOS groups (p = 0.0001), while the TRB3 values of the nonobese PCOS group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the obese PCOS group (p = 0.0001). A negative correlation was observed between the sestrin 2 level and BMI (r = -0.272 p = 0.0001), insulin (r = -0.261 p = 0.0001), and HOMA-IR levels (r = -0.250 p = 0.0001). A positive correlation was observed between the TRB3 values and TG (r = 0.248 p = 0.0001), and LDL-C values (r = 0.235 p = 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
According to the findings in this study, low sestrin 2 and high TRB3 levels may be related to impaired metabolic status in the obese PCOS group. Thus, it may be promising for the development of treatment of PCOS and associated metabolic disorder in the future.
Topics: Humans; Female; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Obesity; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Biomarkers; Insulin Resistance; Nuclear Proteins; Young Adult; Blood Glucose; Sestrins; Repressor Proteins; Cell Cycle Proteins
PubMed: 38813505
DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5738 -
Open Veterinary Journal Apr 2024Postpartum ovarian dysfunction [ovarian cyst (OC) and persistent follicle (PF)] has been an important issue. Finding effective hormonal treatments to improve...
BACKGROUND
Postpartum ovarian dysfunction [ovarian cyst (OC) and persistent follicle (PF)] has been an important issue. Finding effective hormonal treatments to improve reproductive performance in dairy cows has become a necessity.
AIM
Improve reproductive performance and ovarian activity in postpartum cows with specific customized treatment for OC and PFs.
METHODS
The study included 48 cows at 14 days P.P, which received two dosages of 500 μg IM cloprostenol, 14 days apart as presynchronization protocol. Ultrasound ovarian scans 14 days after the last injection for 4 weeks. The cows were divided into three groups according to ovarian status: OC ( = 14), PF ( = 12), and NE ( = 22). In the OC group, received 500 μg IM cloprostenol and 100 μg IM cystoriline, a second dose of cloprostenol 14 days later and a second dose of cystoriline 36 hours later, and AI after 24 hours (GnRH+ PG/PG/GnRH). In the PF group, was fitted with progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID) for 9 days; the same day, they received 100 μg cystoreline then 500 μg cloprostenol 7 days later, after PRID removal AI 56 hours later (PRID + GnRH/PG). In the NE group, artificial insemination was implemented until 28 days depending on estrus detection.
RESULTS
The ovarian activity was greatly affected by the customized treatments, leading to enhanced follicular and luteal activity, particularly after the PGF2α injection. The OC and PF groups showed substantial estrus responses of 71.43% and 75.02%, respectively, during AI time. While the NE group had an ovulation rate of 54.5% and a pregnancy rate of 31.8%, the treatment groups showed marked improvements in reproductive performance. The ovulation rates in the OC and PF groups were 71.43% and 75% and the pregnancy rates at the 1st artificial insemination were 64.28% and 66.7%.
CONCLUSION
Improving reproductive performance and minimizing the time to first service are possible advantages of early case-specific treatment for postpartum cows with OC and PFs.
Topics: Animals; Female; Cattle; Ovarian Cysts; Postpartum Period; Cloprostenol; Cattle Diseases; Insemination, Artificial; Pregnancy; Ovarian Follicle; Progesterone; Estrus Synchronization
PubMed: 38808298
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i4.10 -
Journal of Family & Reproductive Health Dec 2023Malignant transformation in dermoid cysts is rare, and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the most common form. This event often occurs in large tumors and middle-aged...
OBJECTIVE
Malignant transformation in dermoid cysts is rare, and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the most common form. This event often occurs in large tumors and middle-aged women.
CASE REPORT
In this study, two cases are presented. They were menopause, and abdominal pain and adnexal mass was a common manifestation in both. Case 1 with adenocarcinoma arising in mature cystic teratoma had abnormal tumor markers and was diagnosed with a frozen section during surgery, but case 2 with SCC transformation had normal tumor markers, and the frozen section was not helpful in the first surgery. Both underwent complete staging surgery, and due to stage IC1 in case 1, she received chemotherapy, and in case 2, no adjuvant treatment was needed because of stage IA.
CONCLUSION
Considering the rarity of malignant transformation in the dermoid cyst, the best surgical approach and adjuvant therapy indications need further research.
PubMed: 38807623
DOI: 10.18502/jfrh.v17i4.14599 -
Journal of Ovarian Research May 2024PCOS patients with unexpectedly low oocyte yield following conventional ovarian stimulation are referred to as suboptimal responders. However, identifying suboptimal...
Development and validation of a prediction model for suboptimal ovarian response in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients undergoing GnRH-antagonist protocol in IVF/ICSI cycles.
BACKGROUND
PCOS patients with unexpectedly low oocyte yield following conventional ovarian stimulation are referred to as suboptimal responders. However, identifying suboptimal responders presents a significant challenge within reproductive medicine and limited research exists on the occurrence of suboptimal response. This analysis aimed to develop a predictive model of suboptimal response during in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) treatments in PCOS patients.
METHODS
This retrospective study involved a cohort of 313 PCOS patients undergoing their first IVF/ICSI cycle from 2019 to 2022. Univariate logistic regression analyses, least absolute shrinkage, selection operator regression analysis, and recursive feature elimination were employed to identify relevant characteristics and construct predictive models. Moreover, a nomogram was constructed based on the best model. Receiver operating characteristic curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves were used to evaluate the model.
RESULTS
The predictors included in the model were age, Anti-Mullerian hormone, antral follicle count, and basal follicle-stimulating hormone. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.7702 (95% confidence interval 0.7157-0.8191). The AUC, along with the DCA curve and calibration curve, demonstrated a satisfactory level of congruence and discrimination ability.
CONCLUSION
The nomogram effectively predicted the probability of suboptimal response in PCOS patients undergoing gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol during IVF/ICSI treatment.
Topics: Humans; Female; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Adult; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Fertilization in Vitro; Ovulation Induction; Retrospective Studies; Nomograms; Pregnancy; ROC Curve
PubMed: 38807145
DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01437-w -
Scientific Reports May 2024Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the commonest and complex endocrine disorders in females of reproductive age. Attention to self-care behaviors such as... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the commonest and complex endocrine disorders in females of reproductive age. Attention to self-care behaviors such as health-promoting behaviors can improve physiological and psychological conditions in women with PCOS. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of Social Network-Based Motivational Interviewing on health-promoting behaviors and quality of life of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. In this randomized controlled trial, 60 infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome were randomly selected and assigned to the interventio (n = 30) or a control group (n = 30). Participants in the control group received routine care. Those in the intervention group received five motivational group sessions in WhatsApp, which were conducted in five groups of six participants each. The data related to health-promoting behaviors and quality of life were collected through an online questionnaire. Both groups were followed up immediately and 2 months after the intervention. Data collected in the two stages were analyzed using the paired-samples t-test, Chi-square, and repeated measures analysis. No significant difference was observed between the two groups before the intervention means health-promoting behaviors and quality of life scores (p>0.05). Immediately and two months after the intervention, the mean scores of health-promoting behaviors and their domains increased in the intervention group. This increase is statistically compared to the first test, and the scores obtained by the control group in the second (p< 0.001, ES = 1.5) and the third test (p< 0.001, ES= 1.3) were significant. The score of the quality of life variable increase was not statistically significant compared to the first test and also to the scores obtained by the control group. However According to the Generalized estimating equations (GEE) test, the changes in quality of life score between the two groups in the three stages of measurement are statistically significant. WhatsApp support increases the health-promoting self-care behaviors rate and has favorable effects on follow-up.Trial registration: Iranian Registry for Clinical Trial (the link to trial: https://www.irct.ir/trial/48089 ). Registered August 11 2020.
Topics: Humans; Female; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Motivational Interviewing; Adult; Quality of Life; Health Behavior; Infertility, Female; Social Networking; Young Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38802409
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61161-9 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024Peritoneal sclerosis (PS) and its most severe form, encapsulating PS (EPS), are rare entities that can occur in various procedures (liver transplantation,...
Peritoneal sclerosis (PS) and its most severe form, encapsulating PS (EPS), are rare entities that can occur in various procedures (liver transplantation, intraperitoneal chemotherapy) or secondary to medications (beta-blockers); however, PS or EPS typically occur in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis as a form of renal function substitution. Medical or surgical treatments can be applied, but morbidity and mortality have high rates. This condition typically presents clinically as an intestinal obstruction caused by the inclusion of the intestinal loops in the peritoneal fibrous membrane. : Herein, we present data from a single tertiary surgery center that has dedicated teams for patients receiving dialysis. Over 12 years, we analyzed a group of 63 patients admitted for catheter replacement/removal or for acute surgical pathology. In five cases (7.9%), we diagnosed EPS. Two patients with EPS presented with atypical abdominal pathologies requiring emergency surgery: one case of hemoperitoneum caused by a ruptured ovarian cyst and one case of uterine fibroids and metrorrhagia. : The definitive diagnoses were established intraoperatively and by analyzing the morpho-pathological changes in the peritoneum. The possible intraoperative challenges included laborious dissection, difficulties in restoring the correct anatomical landmarks, an increased duration of the surgical intervention and a high rate of incidents and accidents. : The aim of the present study was to emphasize the possibility of other surgical pathologies overlapping with EPS, increasing the complexity of the surgical intervention.
PubMed: 38792461
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102921 -
Biomedicines Apr 2024Contamination by fungi and the toxins they secrete is a worldwide health concern. One such toxin is zearalenone (Zea), which is structurally similar to the hormone...
Contamination by fungi and the toxins they secrete is a worldwide health concern. One such toxin is zearalenone (Zea), which is structurally similar to the hormone estrogen, interferes with its action on the reproductive system, and is therefore classified as an endocrine disruptor. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of hispidin and magnesium nanoparticles (MgONPs) against zearalenone-induced myotoxicity, which causes polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats. A three-month exposure study was performed using female Wistar rats ( = 42) with an average weight of 100-150 g. The animals were divided into six groups (I to VI) of seven rats each. Group I was administered distilled water as a negative control. Group II was exposed to Zea 0.1 mg/kg b.w. through gavage daily. Group III was treated with 0.1 mg/kg of hispidin through gavage daily. Group IV was given 150 µg/mL MgONPs orally each day. Group V was treated with Zea 0.1 mg/kg b.w. + 0.1 mg/kg hispidin orally each day. Group VI was treated with Zea 0.1 mg/kg b.w. and the combination treatment of 0.1 mg/kg hispidin + 150 µg/mL MgONPs through gavage every day. The effectiveness of hispidin and MgONPs against Zea toxicity was evaluated in terms of ovarian histological changes, gene expression, oxidative stress biomarkers, biochemical variables, and hormone levels. The findings showed that exposure to Zea promotes PCOS in rats, with Zea-treated rats displaying hyper-ovulation with large cysts; elevated testosterone, luteinizing hormone, insulin, and glucose; and reduced sex hormone-binding globulin. In addition, qRT-PCR for aromatase () showed it to be downregulated. Treatment with hispidin improved the histopathological and hormonal situation and rescued expression of . Our data indicate the potential therapeutic effects of hispidin against Zea-induced Fungal Toxicity.
PubMed: 38790905
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050943 -
Journal of Dairy Science May 2024An economic simulation was carried out over 183 milk-producing countries to estimate the global economic impacts of 12 dairy cattle diseases and health conditions:...
An economic simulation was carried out over 183 milk-producing countries to estimate the global economic impacts of 12 dairy cattle diseases and health conditions: mastitis (subclinical and clinical), lameness, paratuberculosis (Johne's disease), displaced abomasum, dystocia, metritis, milk fever, ovarian cysts, retained placenta, and ketosis (subclinical and clinical). Estimates of disease impacts on milk yield, fertility, and culling were collected from the literature, standardized, meta-analyzed using a variety of methods ranging from simple averaging to random-effects models, and adjusted for comorbidities to prevent overestimation. These comorbidity-adjusted disease impacts were then combined with a set of country-level lactational incidence and/or prevalence estimates, herd characteristics, and price estimates within a series of Monte Carlo simulations that estimated and valued the economic losses due to these diseases. It was estimated that total annual global losses are USD 65 billion (B). Subclinical ketosis, clinical mastitis, and subclinical mastitis were the costliest diseases modeled, resulting in mean annual global losses of approximately USD 18B, USD 13B, and USD 9B, respectively. Estimated global annual losses due to clinical ketosis, displaced abomasum, dystocia, lameness, metritis, milk fever, ovarian cysts, paratuberculosis, and retained placenta were estimated to be USD 0.2B, 0.6B, 0.6B, 6B, 5B, 0.6B, 4B, 4B, and 3B, respectively. Without adjustment for comorbidities, when statistical associations between diseases were disregarded, mean aggregate global losses would have been overestimated by 45%. Although annual losses were greatest in India (USD 12B), the USA (USD 8B), and China (USD 5B), depending on the measure of losses used (losses as a percent of GDP, losses per capita, losses as a percent of gross milk revenue), the relative economic burden of these dairy cattle diseases across countries varied markedly.
PubMed: 38788837
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24626 -
Cureus Apr 2024A 19-year-old girl with a short stature and presenting low intelligence quotient, illegible speech, and a greatly distended abdomen was seen at the gynecological...
A 19-year-old girl with a short stature and presenting low intelligence quotient, illegible speech, and a greatly distended abdomen was seen at the gynecological outpatient department. She underwent investigation and was found to have large abdominopelvic multicystic ovaries with no malignant features and CA125 levels within the normal range for premenopausal women. Her thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was markedly elevated. She received a diagnosis of untreated severe hypothyroidism with benign giant ovarian cysts, posing a grave risk of cyst rupture and imminent complications. The parents were counseled, and they accepted the risk, agreeing to conservative therapy. Levothyroxine replacement therapy was initiated, and after one month, her TSH levels normalized. Follow-up ultrasonography after one month of her therapy revealed a marked decrease in ovarian cyst size. Thyroid replacement therapy was continued, and at the end of three months, the cysts disappeared, and the ovaries, much smaller, showed polycystic ovarian morphology. Careful analysis of clinical signs, investigations, and appropriate therapy helped avoid unnecessary surgery.
PubMed: 38784352
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58837