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The Journal of Allergy and Clinical... Aug 2023Parent-child saliva contact during infancy might stimulate the child's immune system for effective allergy prevention. However, few studies have investigated its...
BACKGROUND
Parent-child saliva contact during infancy might stimulate the child's immune system for effective allergy prevention. However, few studies have investigated its relation to allergy development in school-age children.
OBJECTIVE
We sought to investigate the relationship between parent-child saliva contact during infancy and allergy development at school age.
METHODS
We performed a large multicenter cross-sectional study involving Japanese school children and their parents. The self-administered questionnaires including questions from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood were distributed to 3570 elementary and junior high school children in 2 local cities. Data were analyzed for the relationship between saliva contact during infancy (age <12 months) and the risk of allergy development, specifically eczema, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. For detailed Methods, please see the Methods section in this article's Online Repository at www.jacionline.org.
RESULTS
The valid response rate was 94.7%. The mean and median age of children was 10.8 ± 2.7 and 11 (interquartile range, 9-13) years, respectively. Saliva contact via sharing eating utensils during infancy was significantly associated with a lower risk of eczema (odds ratio, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.34-0.83) at school age. Saliva contact via parental sucking of pacifiers was significantly associated with a lower risk of eczema (odds ratio, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.10-0.60) and allergic rhinitis (odds ratio, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.15-0.73), and had a borderline association with the risk of asthma in school-age children.
CONCLUSIONS
Saliva contact during infancy may reduce the risk of developing eczema and allergic rhinitis in school-age children.
PubMed: 37779525
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2023.100108 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Aug 2023Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a leading cause of infant mortality all over the world. Mortality due to SIDS can be averted by educating families and caretakers...
Awareness of sudden infant death syndrome and its associated risk factors among Saudi mothers attending well-baby clinics at PHC, PSMMC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.
INTRODUCTION
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a leading cause of infant mortality all over the world. Mortality due to SIDS can be averted by educating families and caretakers about safe practices for putting infants to sleep. However, the knowledge, attitude, and practices of mothers while putting the infant to sleep is a gray areas in literature.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The objectives of the study were to measure the knowledge and awareness about SIDS and its associated risk factors practiced among Saudi mothers attending well-baby clinics in Saudi Arabia to develop appropriate educational program-based interventions for safe practices of infant care.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was carried out among 385 mothers attending well-baby clinics of primary health care (PHC) and prince sultan military medical city (PSMMC) in Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Information was captured on sociodemographic characteristics, the health status of mothers and infants, knowledge, attitude, and practice followed by mothers while putting infants to sleep.
RESULTS
From a total number of 385 responses, 350 participants were eventually included in the final sample due to the incompletion of the questionnaire of 350 mothers; only 26% ( = 93) mothers had heard of SIDS. However, 259 mothers were willing to attend the awareness session. Only 94 mothers had knowledge as well as practicing the correct behavior of putting the infant to sleep on the back referred to as "good behavior concordant pairs." Similarly, other good practices include not co-sharing a bed with the infant, removing pillows, blankets, and other wedged objects, using a pacifier, breastfeeding the infant during sleep, not using multiple quilts, not covering the infant's head with a quilt, not using a head cap. The number of good behavior concordant pairs (in green) were 124, 38, 56, 98, 18, 117, and 68 respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The rate of knowledge and practice for good behavior regarding SIDS was low among Saudi mothers in Riyadh Saudi Arabia. SIDS-related deaths can be averted by improving the understanding of SIDS risk reduction practices among mothers by using health promotion strategies.
PubMed: 37767455
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1768_22 -
PloS One 2023Waste of polymer products, especially plastics, in nature has become a problem that caught the awareness of the general public during the last decade. The macro- and...
Waste of polymer products, especially plastics, in nature has become a problem that caught the awareness of the general public during the last decade. The macro- and micro polymers in nature will be broken down by naturally occurring events such as mechanical wear and ultra-violet (UV) radiation which will result in the generation of polymeric particles in the nano-size range. We have recently shown that polystyrene and high-density polyethylene macroplastic can be broken down into nano-sized particles by applying mechanical force from an immersion blender. In this article, we show that particles in the nano-size range are released from silicone and latex pacifiers after the same treatment. Additionally, boiling the pacifiers prior to the mechanical breakdown process results in an increased number of particles released from the silicone but not the latex pacifier. Particles from the latex pacifier are acutely toxic to the freshwater filter feeding zooplankter Daphnia magna.
Topics: Animals; Latex; Microplastics; Polymers; Daphnia; Silicones
PubMed: 37703259
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289377 -
Ciencia & Saude Coletiva Sep 2023The return to work of lactating mothers has been identified as an important risk factor for breastfeeding interruption. We proposed to identify factors associated with...
The return to work of lactating mothers has been identified as an important risk factor for breastfeeding interruption. We proposed to identify factors associated with breastfeeding abandonment in the first month after return. 252 women working at a hospital who had children aged 12 to 36 months and who were still breastfeeding when returned to work answered a questionnaire containing questions on sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding and work-related factors. The associations were estimated using adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR), calculated with the hierarchical Poisson multivariable regression model. The following factors showed a significant association with breastfeeding abandonment: using a pacifier (aPR 4.58), cohabiting with someone other than partner (aPR 3.77), having no intention or having doubts about maintaining breastfeeding after returning (aPR 3.39), having a college degree (aPR 2.66), having no support from the infant's caregiver (aPR 2.26), and infant being older when the woman returned to work (PR 1.16 for each additional month of infant age). Longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding was a protective factor (aPR 0.990). Most of the factors associated with discontinuation of breastfeeding in the first month after the mother's return to work are not directly related to the woman's work.
Topics: Child; Infant; Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Breast Feeding; Lactation; Mothers; Return to Work; Delivery, Obstetric
PubMed: 37672461
DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023289.19162022 -
Quantitative non-nutritive sucking measurement as a predictor of oral feeding readiness in newborns.Frontiers in Pediatrics 2023The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the parameters of a silver nanowire-based flexible pressure sensor developed to measure the...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the parameters of a silver nanowire-based flexible pressure sensor developed to measure the non-nutritive sucking (NNS) performance and predict the nutritive sucking status in preterm infants.
METHODS
Preterm infants who were referred for feeding difficulty during the transition period from tubal feeding to oral feeding were enrolled in our study. A flexible pressure sensor was used to measure the non-nutritive sucking parameters of neonates. The evaluator stimulated the infants' lips and tongue with a pacifier integrated with a sucking pressure sensor, to check whether non-nutritive sucking had occurred. When the sucking reflex was induced, it was measured. The infants' sucking characteristics were subdivided into classifications according to the NOMAS criteria and full oral feeding (FOF) status. Quantitative NNS measurement according to the feeding state was compared between groups.
RESULTS
When comparing the quantitative NNS measurement by feeding characteristics, the average sucking pressure was significantly higher in infants in the FOF capable group than those in the incomplete FOF group. In addition, the maximum and average sucking pressure was significantly higher in infants with a normal sucking pattern compared to those with a disorganized sucking pattern. The average NNS pressure was divided over the range of 0-3 kPa and the same weight was assigned to each item. When the optimal cut-off value for the sensitivity and specificity of the average NNS pressure to estimate the FOF was set, a pressure of 1.5 kPa yielded the highest sensitivity (84.62%) and specificity (67.65%) on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.786, and this result was statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS
This study presents a quantitative parameter for non-nutritive sucking in preterm infants with the use of a flexible pressure sensor. Results show possible quantitative indicators that can aid in predicting when preterm infants can transition to oral feeding and their prognosis. This will serve as a basis for future research on determining the feeding transition period of newborns with health conditions that affect oral feeding.
PubMed: 37635795
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1143416 -
Nutrients Jul 2023Increased dental overjet in adolescence is a clinically relevant outcome associated with the complexity and high cost of treatment, indicating the need for prevention... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Increased dental overjet in adolescence is a clinically relevant outcome associated with the complexity and high cost of treatment, indicating the need for prevention strategies. We investigated the long-term impact of breastfeeding and pacifier use on increased overjet (IOVJ) in permanent dentition. A prospective cohort nested in a randomized controlled trial was conducted from birth to 12 years of age ( = 214). Breastfeeding and pacifier use were recorded monthly until 12 months. Overjet was assessed at age 12 years. We employed a causal mediation analysis using parametric regression models assuming no interaction between breastfeeding and pacifier usage. We found a total protective effect of breastfeeding on IOVJ (OR 0.49; 95% CI 0.28-0.96), where 63.1% were mediated by pacifier use (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.44-0.87). Breastfeeding directly decreased the odds of IOVJ by 20%; however, the confidence interval included the null estimate (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.41-1.60). In conclusion, breastfeeding protects by half of the IOVJ in adolescence through reducing pacifier use. Oral and general health professionals should collaborate to support WHO breastfeeding guidelines during individual patient counseling. Guidelines for practice, policy or public information require messages that include a common risk approach to oral and general health.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Adolescent; Infant; Child; Breast Feeding; Cohort Studies; Prospective Studies; Pacifiers; Parturition
PubMed: 37571340
DOI: 10.3390/nu15153403 -
Erratum: Munoz Tord et al., "3D-Printed Pacifier-Shaped Mouthpiece for fMRI-Compatible Gustometers".ENeuro Jul 2023
PubMed: 37433671
DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0219-23.2023 -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2023Babies and toddlers often become accustomed to using baby pacifiers. However, pacifiers may harm children's health and lead to various problems, such as less frequent...
INTRODUCTION
Babies and toddlers often become accustomed to using baby pacifiers. However, pacifiers may harm children's health and lead to various problems, such as less frequent breastfeeding, shorter breastfeeding duration, dental deformities, tooth decay, recurrent acute otitis media, sleep disorders, and the potential for accidents. This study aims to introduce new technology that may prevent babies from becoming used to a pacifier (patent titled "Prevents Getting Used to Pacifier Baby, Number SA10609, Saudi Authority for Intellectual Property"). This study used a descriptive qualitative design.
METHODS
The participants included three pediatricians, three psychologists, three dentists, three family doctors, and three mothers of babies and toddlers, with a mean age of 42.6 years old (SD = 9.51). Semi-structured interviews were used, and thematic analysis was conducted to generate a thematic tree.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The thematic analysis resulted in three themes: (1) the disadvantages of pacifier use, (2) the introduction of new technology for the patent, and (3) the expectations for this technology. The results showed that a pacifier might negatively affect the health of babies and toddlers. However, the new technology may prevent children from becoming used to pacifiers and protect them from any possible physical or mental issues.
PubMed: 37292379
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1161886