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Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Jan 2018We present a method, the bacterial mineral excretion (BME), for synthesizing two kinds of microcapsules, sodium tungstate and sodium molybdate, and the two metal oxides'...
We present a method, the bacterial mineral excretion (BME), for synthesizing two kinds of microcapsules, sodium tungstate and sodium molybdate, and the two metal oxides' corresponding nanoparticles-the former being as small as 22 nm and the latter 15 nm. We fed two strains of bacteria, Shewanella algae and Pandoraea sp., with various concentrations of tungstate or molybdate ions. The concentrations of tungstate and molybdate were adjusted to make microcapsules of different length-to-diameter ratios. We found that the higher the concentration the smaller the nanoparticles were. The nanoparticles came in with three length-to-diameter ratios: 10:1, 3:1 and 1:1, which were achieved by feeding the bacteria respectively with a low concentration, a medium concentration, and a high concentration. The images of the hollow microcapsules were taken via the scanning electron microsphere (SEM). Their crystal structures were verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD)-the crystal structure of molybdate microcapsules is Na2MoO4 and that of tungstate microcapsules is Na2WO4 with Na2W2O7. These syntheses all were accomplished under a near ambient condition.
Topics: Burkholderiaceae; Capsules; Molybdenum; Nanoparticles; Shewanella; Tungsten Compounds
PubMed: 29443091
DOI: 10.3791/57022 -
Nefrologia 2018
Topics: Aged; Burkholderiaceae; Catheters; Equipment Contamination; Humans; Male; Renal Dialysis
PubMed: 29221880
DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2017.11.003 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2017Several environmental bacteria are considered as opportunistic pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF) and are able to persistently colonize the CF respiratory tract (CFRT)....
Several environmental bacteria are considered as opportunistic pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF) and are able to persistently colonize the CF respiratory tract (CFRT). Beside and complex, spp. are defined as pathogenic. During chronic colonization, adaptive evolution and diversified population have been demonstrated, notably for . However, the persistence of in the CFRT remains largely unexplored. We studied genomic and phenotypic traits of isolates successively recovered from the airways of a single CF patient and relate the results to qualitative and quantitative evolution of other cultivable pathogens and to patient clinical status. A total of 31 isolates recovered from 18 sputum samples over a 7-year period in a single CF patient were studied. Genome dynamics was assessed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, ERIC-PCR fingerprinting and 16S rRNA gene PCR-temporal temperature gel electrophoresis. Phenotypic features included antimicrobial susceptibility, motility, biofilm production, and virulence in model. Variability was observed for all the characteristics studied leading to highly diversified patterns (24 patterns) for the 31 clonally related isolates. Some of these modifications, mainly genomic events were concomitantly observed with CFRT microbiota composition shifts and with severe exacerbations. The diversity of population studied, observed for isolates recovered from successive samples but also within a sample suggested that existence of a diversified population may represent a patho-adaptive strategy for host persistence in the heterogeneous and fluctuating CFRT environment.
PubMed: 29056926
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01892 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2017We have sequenced, annotated, and analyzed the genome of . Pandoraea novymonadis, a recently described bacterial endosymbiont of the trypanosomatid When compared with...
We have sequenced, annotated, and analyzed the genome of . Pandoraea novymonadis, a recently described bacterial endosymbiont of the trypanosomatid When compared with genomes of its free-living relatives, it has all the hallmarks of the endosymbionts' genomes, such as significantly reduced size, extensive gene loss, low GC content, numerous gene rearrangements, and low codon usage bias. In addition, . P. novymonadis lacks mobile elements, has a strikingly low number of pseudogenes, and almost all genes are single copied. This suggests that it already passed the intensive period of host adaptation, which still can be observed in the genome of , a certainly recent endosymbiont. Phylogenetically, . P. novymonadis is more related to , an intracytoplasmic bacterium of free-living ciliates, than to . Kinetoplastibacterium spp., the only other known endosymbionts of trypanosomatid flagellates. As judged by the extent of the overall genome reduction and the loss of particular metabolic abilities correlating with the increasing dependence of the symbiont on its host, . P. novymonadis occupies an intermediate position and . Kinetoplastibacterium spp. We conclude that the relationships between . P. novymonadis and are well-established, although not as fine-tuned as in the case of Strigomonadinae and their endosymbionts.
PubMed: 29046673
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01940 -
BMC Pulmonary Medicine Feb 2017Pandoraea species are considered emerging pathogens in the context of cystic fibrosis (CF) and are difficult to identify by conventional biochemical methods. These...
BACKGROUND
Pandoraea species are considered emerging pathogens in the context of cystic fibrosis (CF) and are difficult to identify by conventional biochemical methods. These multidrug resistant bacteria remain poorly understood particularly in terms of natural resistance, mechanisms of acquired resistance and impact on the prognosis of the disease and the lung function. Among them, Pandoraea sputorum has been previously described in few cases of CF patients from Spain, Australia, France and United States, underlining the need of more clinical data for a better knowledge of its pathogenicity. This is the first report relating to P. sputorum in a CF patient in Argentina.
CASE PRESENTATION
Pandoraea sputorum was identified in a nine-year-old cystic fibrosis patient from Argentina, after treatment failure during an exacerbation. The isolates were successfully identified by combining molecular techniques based on 16S rRNA sequencing and mass spectrometry (MS) methods, after reassessing previous misidentified isolates by conventional methods. After first isolation of P. sputorum, patient's clinical condition worsened but later improved after a change in the treatment. Although isolates showed susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and imipenem, in our case, the antibiotic treatment failed in the eradication of P. sputorum.
CONCLUSIONS
All combined data showed a chronic colonization with P. sputorum associated to a deterioration of lung function. We noted that the presence of P. sputorum can be underestimated in CF patients and MALDI-TOF MS appears to be a promising means of accurate identification of Pandoraea species.
Topics: Argentina; Burkholderiaceae; Child; Cystic Fibrosis; Humans; Male; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Sputum
PubMed: 28173787
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-017-0373-y -
Genome Announcements Nov 2016We report here the genome sequence of Pandoraea sp. ISTKB, a betaproteobacterium isolated from rhizospheric soil in the backwaters of Alappuzha, Kerala, India. The...
We report here the genome sequence of Pandoraea sp. ISTKB, a betaproteobacterium isolated from rhizospheric soil in the backwaters of Alappuzha, Kerala, India. The strain is alkalotolerant and grows on medium containing lignin as a sole carbon source. Genes and pathways related to lignin degradation were complemented by genomic analysis.
PubMed: 27811115
DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01240-16 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2016To date, information on plasmid analysis in spp. is scarce. To address the gap of knowledge on this, the complete sequences of eight plasmids from spp. namely DSM...
To date, information on plasmid analysis in spp. is scarce. To address the gap of knowledge on this, the complete sequences of eight plasmids from spp. namely DSM 23572 (pPF72-1, pPF72-2), DSM 23570 (pPO70-1, pPO70-2, pPO70-3, pPO70-4), NS15 (pPV15) and DSM 16535 (pPA35) were studied for the first time in this study. The information on plasmid sequences in spp. is useful as the sequences did not match any known plasmid sequence deposited in public databases. Replication genes were not identified in some plasmids, a situation that has led to the possibility of host interaction involvement. Some plasmids were also void of genes and intriguingly, gene was also not discovered in these plasmids. This further leads to the hypothesis of host-plasmid interaction. Plasmid stabilization/stability protein-encoding genes were observed in some plasmids but were not established for participating in plasmid segregation. Toxin-antitoxin systems MazEF, VapBC, RelBE, YgiT-MqsR, HigBA, and ParDE were identified across the plasmids and their presence would improve plasmid maintenance. Conjugation genes were identified portraying the conjugation ability amongst plasmids. Additionally, we found a shared region amongst some of the plasmids that consists of conjugation genes. The identification of genes involved in replication, segregation, toxin-antitoxin systems and conjugation, would aid the design of drugs to prevent the survival or transmission of plasmids carrying pathogenic properties. Additionally, genes conferring virulence and antibiotic resistance were identified amongst the plasmids. The observed features in the plasmids shed light on the spp. as opportunistic pathogens.
PubMed: 27790203
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01606 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2016Pandoraea species are considered as emerging pathogens in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The contribution of these organisms to disease progression in CF patients is...
Pandoraea species are considered as emerging pathogens in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The contribution of these organisms to disease progression in CF patients is not fully understood owing in large measure to the scant reports in clinical and research literature describing their colonization of CF patients and their associated virulence determinants. In an effort to increase awareness and evidence for Pandoraea spp. infection in people with CF, and to stimulate research aimed at unraveling the pathogenic properties of Pandoraea, we report a case of a 26-year-old Australian (Tasmanian) man with CF who was chronically infected with Pandoraea pnomenusa for at least one year prior to his death from respiratory failure. In addition, we describe for the first time evidence suggesting that this bacterium is a facultative anaerobe and report on the availability of a whole genome sequence for this organism. To the best of our knowledge, this report represents only the second clinical case study of P. pnomenusa infection in the world, and the first in an Australian CF patient.
PubMed: 27242717
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00692 -
Journal of Cystic Fibrosis : Official... Nov 2016While the epidemiology of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients suggests that Burkholderia multivorans is acquired from...
BACKGROUND
While the epidemiology of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) bacteria in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients suggests that Burkholderia multivorans is acquired from environmental sources, this species has rarely been isolated from soil and water samples.
METHODS
Multiple isolation strategies were applied to water and soil samples that were previously shown to be B. multivorans PCR positive. These included direct plating and liquid enrichment procedures and the use of selective media, acclimatizing recovery and co-cultivation with CF sputum. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes were used to identify all isolates.
RESULTS
None of the approaches yielded B. multivorans isolates. Other Burkholderia species, several Gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria (including Cupriavidus, Inquilinus, Pandoraea, Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas) and rapidly growing mycobacteria (including Mycobacterium chelonae) were all isolated from water and soil samples.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of Bcc isolation media yielded a surprisingly wide array of rare but often clinically relevant CF pathogens, confirming that soil and water are reservoirs of these infectious agents.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Belgium; Burkholderia; Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia complex; Culture Media; Cystic Fibrosis; Environmental Monitoring; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Mycobacterium chelonae; Respiratory Tract Infections; Soil Microbiology; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 26996269
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2016.02.014 -
MBio Mar 2016We describe a novel symbiotic association between a kinetoplastid protist, Novymonas esmeraldas gen. nov., sp. nov., and an intracytoplasmic bacterium, "Candidatus...
UNLABELLED
We describe a novel symbiotic association between a kinetoplastid protist, Novymonas esmeraldas gen. nov., sp. nov., and an intracytoplasmic bacterium, "Candidatus Pandoraea novymonadis" sp. nov., discovered as a result of a broad-scale survey of insect trypanosomatid biodiversity in Ecuador. We characterize this association by describing the morphology of both organisms, as well as their interactions, and by establishing their phylogenetic affinities. Importantly, neither partner is closely related to other known organisms previously implicated in eukaryote-bacterial symbiosis. This symbiotic association seems to be relatively recent, as the host does not exert a stringent control over the number of bacteria harbored in its cytoplasm. We argue that this unique relationship may represent a suitable model for studying the initial stages of establishment of endosymbiosis between a single-cellular eukaryote and a prokaryote. Based on phylogenetic analyses, Novymonas could be considered a proxy for the insect-only ancestor of the dixenous genus Leishmania and shed light on the origin of the two-host life cycle within the subfamily Leishmaniinae.
IMPORTANCE
The parasitic trypanosomatid protist Novymonas esmeraldas gen. nov., sp. nov. entered into endosymbiosis with the bacterium "Ca. Pandoraea novymonadis" sp. nov. This novel and rather unstable interaction shows several signs of relatively recent establishment, qualifying it as a potentially unique transient stage in the increasingly complex range of eukaryotic-prokaryotic relationships.
Topics: Burkholderiaceae; Ecuador; Phylogeny; Symbiosis; Trypanosomatina
PubMed: 26980834
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01985-15