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BMJ Open May 2024Although adolescents make treatment gains in psychiatric residential treatment (RT), they experience significant difficulty adapting to the community and often do not...
Families in transition (FIT) study protocol: feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of a group-based parent training in parents of youth in psychiatric residential treatment.
INTRODUCTION
Although adolescents make treatment gains in psychiatric residential treatment (RT), they experience significant difficulty adapting to the community and often do not sustain treatment gains long term. Their parents are often not provided with the necessary support or behaviour management skillset to bridge the gap between RT and home. Parent training, a gold standard behaviour management strategy, may be beneficial for parents of these youth and web-based parent training programmes may engage this difficult-to-reach population. This study focuses on a hybrid parent training programme that combines Parenting Wisely (PW), a web-based parent training with facilitated discussion groups (Parenting Wisely for Residential Treatment (PW)). This study aims to: (1) establish the feasibility and acceptability of PW, (2) evaluate whether PW engages target mechanisms (parental self-efficacy, parenting behaviours, social support, family function) and (3) determine the effects of PW on adolescent outcomes (internalising and externalising behaviours, placement restrictiveness).
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
In this randomised control trial, parents (n=60) will be randomly assigned to PW or treatment as usual. Each week for 6 weeks, parents in the PW condition will complete two PW modules (20 min each) and attend one discussion group via Zoom (90 min). Adolescents (n=60) will not receive intervention; however, we will evaluate the feasibility of adolescent data collection for future studies. Data from parents and adolescents will be collected at baseline, post intervention (6 weeks post baseline) and 6 months post baseline to allow for a robust understanding of the longer-term effects of PW on treatment gain maintenance.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
The study has been approved by The Ohio State University Institutional Review Board (protocol number 2022B0315). The outcomes of the study will be shared through presentations at both local and national conferences, publications in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated to the families and organisations that helped to facilitate the project.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT05764369 (V.1, December 2022).
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Parents; Feasibility Studies; Residential Treatment; Parenting; Female; Male; Mental Disorders; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Social Support
PubMed: 38816058
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080603 -
JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting May 2024Fathers play a pivotal role in parenting and child feeding, but they remain underrepresented in intervention studies, especially those focused on disadvantaged...
BACKGROUND
Fathers play a pivotal role in parenting and child feeding, but they remain underrepresented in intervention studies, especially those focused on disadvantaged populations. A better understanding of fathers' experiences and needs regarding support access and child nutrition information in the context of disadvantage can inform future interventions engaging fathers.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to explore fathers' experiences; perceived enablers; and barriers to accessing support and information related to parenting, child feeding, and nutrition and to co-design principles for tailoring child nutrition interventions to engage fathers.
METHODS
Australian fathers of children aged 6 months to 5 years with lived experience of disadvantage participated in semistructured interviews and co-design workshops, primarily conducted via videoconference. Creative analogies were used to guide the ideation process in the workshops.
RESULTS
A total of 25 interviews and 3 workshops (n=10 participants) were conducted, with data analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation-Behavior model. The interview data illuminated factors influencing fathers' initiation in seeking support for parenting, child feeding, and nutrition, including their experiences. It highlighted fathers' diverse information needs and the importance of an inclusive environment and encouragement. Enablers and barriers in accessing support related to parenting and child nutrition were identified at the individual (eg, personal goals and resource constraints), interpersonal (family support and false beliefs about men's caregiving role), organizational (inadequate fathering support), and systemic levels (father-inclusive practice and policy). Digital data collection methods enabled Australia-wide participation, overcoming work and capacity barriers. Videoconferencing technology was effectively used to engage fathers creatively. Key principles for engaging fathers were co-designed from the workshop data. Interventions and resources need to be father specific, child centered, and culturally appropriate; promote empowerment and collaboration; and provide actionable and accessible strategies on the what and how of child feeding. Fathers preferred multiformat implementation, which harnesses technology-based design (eg, websites and mobile apps) and gamification. It should be tailored to the child's age and targeted at fathers using comprehensive promotion strategies.
CONCLUSIONS
Fathers faced barriers to accessing support and information related to parenting and feeding that may not adequately address their needs. Future interventions could integrate the co-designed principles to engage fathers effectively. These findings have implications for health service delivery and policy development, promoting father-inclusive practice.
PubMed: 38815260
DOI: 10.2196/57849 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024In 1995, the World Health Organization launched its Global School Health Initiative to expand the Health Promoting School (HPS). The objective of this study was to...
INTRODUCTION
In 1995, the World Health Organization launched its Global School Health Initiative to expand the Health Promoting School (HPS). The objective of this study was to explore the perception of the school community in implementing nutrition-friendly school initiatives in preschool settings.
METHODS
This paper delineates the exploratory phase of a mixed-method study, which broadly aims to assess the adoption of the Nutrition Friendly School Initiative (NFSI) through a preschool preparedness intervention package in rural Sindh province, Pakistan. The study sites include three campuses of the Aga Khan School (Mirpur Sakro, Junior Campus Vur, and a community-based school in Sujawal). Participants were selected purposively from these campuses and constituted a committee named 'school community,' which was responsible for implementing all activities outlined in the intervention package. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews and consultative meeting with the school community. Thematic analysis was employed for data analysis.
RESULTS
The analysis established five major themes that represent the participants' perception of school-based nutrition interventions in preschool settings. These five themes include (i) Challenges in health and nutrition for pre-school age children, (ii) Clarity in roles and responsibilities for school-based nutrition intervention, (iii) Advancing school-based nutrition activities and interventions, (iv) Recognizing resources requirements, (v) Opportunities and challenges for the way forward in school-based nutrition. Findings also suggest sustainability and scalability measures that include the aligning School Nutrition Policy with the school handbook, ways to engage with parents, a nutrition theme corner, the inclusion of a parenting component in the nutrition manual, and capacity building of the school community.
CONCLUSION
Qualitative findings have guided the refinement of the intervention package, proposing additional measures for sustainability and scalability across AKES, P. The school community is hopeful that the implementation of the refined intervention package will enhance preschool preparedness toward achieving nutrition-friendly school checklist items. This study holds strong potential for replication in a public school setting and presents an opportunity to launch a school accreditation program to certify schools as Nutrition-friendly.
Topics: Humans; Pakistan; Child, Preschool; Rural Population; School Health Services; Schools; Female; Male; Health Promotion; Food Services; Perception; Qualitative Research; Nutrition Policy
PubMed: 38813413
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1379229 -
Journal of Primary Care & Community... 2024This study aims to investigate the impact of gender and parental tasks on social participation, health-related quality of life (hrQoL), and mental health in persons with...
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to investigate the impact of gender and parental tasks on social participation, health-related quality of life (hrQoL), and mental health in persons with long COVID.
METHODS
A mixed-methods approach was followed including a cross-sectional web-based survey and semi-structured interviews. Multivariable linear regressions were used to quantify the effect of gender and parenting tasks on social participation, hrQoL, and mental health. Qualitative data from interviews with participants experiencing long COVID symptoms was analyzed using content analysis.
RESULTS
Data from 920 participants in the quantitative study and 25 participants in the qualitative study was analyzed. Parenting tasks were associated with increased impairments in family and domestic responsibilities in persons with long COVID compared to lower impairments in persons without long COVID ( = .02). The qualitative data indicate that coping with long COVID and pursuing parenting tasks limit participants' ability to perform leisure activities and attend social gatherings. In long COVID, men had higher anxiety symptoms than women, and in those without long COVID, the opposite was observed ( < .001). In the qualitative study, participants expressed feelings of dejection and pessimism about their future private, occupational, and health situations. No differences between the genders could be observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Long COVID is associated with impairments in family and domestic responsibilities in individuals who have parenting tasks. Among participants with long COVID, anxiety symptoms are higher in men than women.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Male; Female; COVID-19; Middle Aged; Mental Health; Cross-Sectional Studies; Sex Factors; Adult; Parenting; Social Participation; Aged; SARS-CoV-2; Qualitative Research; Adaptation, Psychological; Anxiety; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38805375
DOI: 10.1177/21501319241255592 -
Sexualities Jun 2024An analysis of parents that are a part of polyamorous networks-networks of three, four, or even more residential or highly available parents-shows three types of...
An analysis of parents that are a part of polyamorous networks-networks of three, four, or even more residential or highly available parents-shows three types of parenting practices: poly-nuclear, hierarchical, and egalitarian parenting. Especially, the hierarchical and egalitarian parenting practices show novel divisions of care work and a transgression of gender norms. However, in-depth new materialist analysis of qualitative interviews also shows how parents are, in specific situations, pushed toward standard family models and thus unintentionally maintain traditional family structures and gender roles.
PubMed: 38803826
DOI: 10.1177/13634607211037481 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2024Engaging family members in the ongoing care of individuals with mental illness is a practice known to bolster the client's recovery journey and enhance the overall...
CONTEXT
Engaging family members in the ongoing care of individuals with mental illness is a practice known to bolster the client's recovery journey and enhance the overall wellbeing of both children and families involved. Despite its potential benefits, there remains a dearth of understanding surrounding the implementation of family-focused practices (FFP) by mental health professionals serving adults, as well as the factors that could either promote or hinder such practices. This knowledge gap is particularly pronounced within North American settings.
GOAL
The goal of this study was to identify potential hindering and enabling factors of FFP used in adult mental health services.
METHODS
A sample of 512 professionals working with adult mental health clients, from all regions of Quebec, Canada, with a variety of disciplinary backgrounds and working in different work settings, completed the Family Focused Mental Health Practice Questionnaire (FFMHPQ). Multinominal logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of several factors - organizational, professional, and personal - on the degree of family-based practices of mental health workers.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Findings of this study show that the strongest predictors for the adoption of higher FFP levels among adult mental health professionals in Quebec, are being employed on a full-time basis, perceiving a higher level of skills, knowledge, and confidence toward FFP, and having a supportive workplace environment. Results underscore the need to address both organizational and worker-related aspects to effectively promote better FFP in mental health services.
PubMed: 38803674
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1380001 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... May 2024When a pregnant woman is diagnosed with cancer, she faces complex and unique challenges while navigating both obstetric and oncological care. Despite often being the...
PURPOSE
When a pregnant woman is diagnosed with cancer, she faces complex and unique challenges while navigating both obstetric and oncological care. Despite often being the primary support for women diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy (CDP), little is known about the experiences of their partners. We undertook an in-depth exploration of the experiences of partners of women diagnosed with CDP in Australia.
METHODS
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with partners of women diagnosed with CDP treated in Australia. Interviews explored partners' inclusion in decision making and communication with health professionals and their own coping experiences. Data were analysed thematically.
RESULTS
Data from interviews with 12 male partners (N = 12) of women diagnosed with CDP were analysed. Two unique themes relevant to partners were identified: 'Partners require support to adjust to changing roles and additional burdens' and 'Treating the couple as a team facilitates agency and coping, but partners' needs are placed second by all'.
CONCLUSION
Partners of women diagnosed with CDP commonly experience unique stressors and a substantial shift in previously established roles across multiple domains including medical advocacy, household coordination and parenting. Partners' coping is interlinked with how the woman diagnosed with CDP is coping. Inclusion of partners in treatment decisions and communications, and considering partners' wellbeing alongside that of the woman with CDP, is likely to be supportive for partners. In turn, this is likely to enhance the quality of support that women diagnosed with CDP receive from their partners.
Topics: Humans; Female; Qualitative Research; Pregnancy; Adult; Adaptation, Psychological; Male; Spouses; Australia; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; Neoplasms; Interviews as Topic; Decision Making; Social Support
PubMed: 38801526
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08570-8 -
Psychology Research and Behavior... 2024With the increasing ubiquity of smartphones in our daily lives, technoference has emerged as a novel threat to family relationships and child development. This study...
The Relationship of Parent-Child Technoference and Child Problematic Smartphone Use: The Roles of Parent-Child Relationship, Negative Parenting Styles, and Children's Gender.
PURPOSE
With the increasing ubiquity of smartphones in our daily lives, technoference has emerged as a novel threat to family relationships and child development. This study explored the impact of parent-child technoference on child problematic smartphone use and its underlying mechanism and potential gender difference among children.
PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS
The participants were 3032 fourth-grade students (42.6% female; 80.6% one-child families; 32.9% lower income level families, 33.3% middle income level families; Mage = 10.59 years, SD=0.32) from 535 primary schools. Students in the target classes were invited to participate anonymously in the questionnaire survey in classrooms. Then, SPSS, AMOS and other software were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
1) Parent-child technoference, negative parenting styles and child problematic smartphone use were positively correlated with each other, while they were negatively correlated with parent-child relationship; 2) Parent-child technoference can not only directly and positively predict child problematic smartphone use, but also indirectly and positively predict child problematic smartphone use through parent-child relationship and negative parenting styles respectively; 3) Parent-child relationship and negative parenting styles play a chain mediating role between parent-child technoference and child problematic smartphone use; 4) There are significant gender differences in the chain mediation model.
CONCLUSION
The results showed that parent-child technoference significantly affected child problematic smartphone use through a chain mediation of parent-child relationship and negative parenting styles. Gender differences were observed, with girls experiencing a more pronounced disruption in the parent-child relationship, while boys were more likely to develop problematic smartphone use. In cases of strained parent-child relationships due to technoference, girls also tended to perceive more negative parenting styles. These findings promote parents' understanding of the influencing factors and mechanisms of child problematic smartphone use, especially helpful for follow-up measures to prevent and intervene child problematic smartphone use from the perspective of families and parents.
PubMed: 38800525
DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S456411 -
Alpha Psychiatry Jan 2024The aim of the study was to identify the risk factors associated with nonsuicidal self-injurious (NSSI) behavior in patients with depressive disorders and develop...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to identify the risk factors associated with nonsuicidal self-injurious (NSSI) behavior in patients with depressive disorders and develop predictive models utilizing these influencing factors as predictors, followed by validation of the constructed models for their efficacy.
METHODS
Patients with depression disorders admitted to Wuhan Mental Health Center from 2020 to 2021 were included using retrospective analysis. Patients who exhibited one or more items on the NSSI behavior rating questionnaire were categorized into the NSSI group, while those without any such behaviors were assigned to the non-NSSI group. Patients in both groups were categorized separately based on gender, age, personality traits, and interpersonal relationships. The above data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Prediction models were constructed, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were produced and model accuracy was calculated.
RESULTS
A total of 237 patients were included in this study, with 122 patients assigned to the NSSI group and 115 patients assigned to the non-NSSI group. By comparing the baseline data of the patients in the 2 groups, the results revealed statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of age, grades at school, early childhood parenting style, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECRS) (<.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed for the remaining indicators (>.05). The results of the multiple logistic regression model showed that grades at school, early childhood parenting style, HAMD, HAMA, and ECRS scores were risk factors. The ROC model was constructed using school performance, childhood parenting style, HAMD, HAMA, and ECRS scores as predictors. The findings indicated that the ECRS score was the best predictor of NSSI, and it had a sensitivity of 91.8% and specificity of 70.5% for an area of 0.967.
CONCLUSION
ECRS was utilized as a predictor to evaluate the NSSI inclination of depressed patients with commendable sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, early childhood parenting style, HAMD, HAMA, and ECRS scores were identified as risk factors for NSSI. For individuals at high risk who exhibit these aforementioned risk factors, clinical diagnosis and treatment should be approached with caution.
PubMed: 38799484
DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2024.231223 -
Preventive Medicine Reports Jul 2024Food parenting practices (FPP) can have effects on children's eating behaviors. Over 8 million children in the US have food allergies, however, little is known about FPP...
OBJECTIVES
Food parenting practices (FPP) can have effects on children's eating behaviors. Over 8 million children in the US have food allergies, however, little is known about FPP for those who have children with food allergies. The objective of this study was to describe FPP among children with food allergies.
METHODS
Recruited across the United States using ResearchMatch in February and March 2021, parents of children ages 5-12 years (n = 346; n = 77 with food allergies) completed a single, online survey which measured health history, demographics, and FPP. Linear regressions were used to examine associations between FPP of children with and without food allergies, and associations between food allergy factors and FPP.
RESULTS
Parents of children with food allergies reported greater use of limit exposure than parents of children without food allergies (B = 0.131; [CI], 0.021-0.293; P = 0.024), with no differences in other types of FPP.
CONCLUSIONS
Parents of children with food allergies reported more frequent structure-based FPP than parents of children without food allergies. More work is needed to explore mechanisms that promote positive food parenting among this population.
PubMed: 38798908
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102758