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American Journal of Men's Health Sep 2018Penoscrotal transposition and pendulous-prostatic anastomotic urethroplasty for the treatment of long-segment bulbar and membranous urethral stenosis is rarely reported....
Penoscrotal transposition and pendulous-prostatic anastomotic urethroplasty for the treatment of long-segment bulbar and membranous urethral stenosis is rarely reported. This study reports the case of a 43-year-old man with dysuria resulting from pelvic fracture. The patient had a long-term history of multiple urethral reconstructions and presented a long-segment bulbar and membranous urethral stenosis at imaging. Penoscrotal transposition and pendulous-prostatic anastomotic urethroplasty was performed and completed in 170 min (blood loss: 400 ml). Postoperative treatment was uneventful with favorable short-term outcomes and high patient satisfaction without recurrence at 12-month follow-up. This surgical technique should be attempted in carefully selected patients with long-segment bulbar and membranous urethral stenosis and performed by an experienced urethral reconstruction specialist.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adult; Cystography; Dysuria; Follow-Up Studies; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Male; Pelvic Bones; Penis; Postoperative Care; Recovery of Function; Scrotum; Treatment Outcome; Urethral Diseases; Urethral Stricture; Urination; Urography
PubMed: 29737937
DOI: 10.1177/1557988318774230 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... May 2018Plant shoots typically grow upward in opposition to the pull of gravity. However, exceptions exist throughout the plant kingdom. Most conspicuous are trees with weeping...
Plant shoots typically grow upward in opposition to the pull of gravity. However, exceptions exist throughout the plant kingdom. Most conspicuous are trees with weeping or pendulous branches. While such trees have long been cultivated and appreciated for their ornamental value, the molecular basis behind the weeping habit is not known. Here, we characterized a weeping tree phenotype in (peach) and identified the underlying genetic mutation using a genomic sequencing approach. Weeping peach tree shoots exhibited a downward elliptical growth pattern and did not exhibit an upward bending in response to 90° reorientation. The causative allele was found to be an uncharacterized gene, , having a 1.8-Kb deletion spanning the 5' end. This gene, dubbed , was predominantly expressed in phloem tissues and encodes a highly conserved 129-amino acid protein containing a sterile alpha motif (SAM) domain. Silencing WEEP in the related tree species (plum) resulted in more outward, downward, and wandering shoot orientations compared to standard trees, supporting a role for WEEP in directing lateral shoot growth in trees. This previously unknown regulator of branch orientation, which may also be a regulator of gravity perception or response, provides insights into our understanding of how tree branches grow in opposition to gravity and could serve as a critical target for manipulating tree architecture for improved tree shape in agricultural and horticulture applications.
Topics: Chromosome Mapping; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Plant Proteins; Plant Roots; Plant Shoots; Protein Domains; Prunus persica; Sterile Alpha Motif; Trees
PubMed: 29712856
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1704515115 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2018A method for automatic compensation of misalignment angles during matching the scale factors of two pairs of the accelerometers in developing the rotating accelerometer...
A method for automatic compensation of misalignment angles during matching the scale factors of two pairs of the accelerometers in developing the rotating accelerometer gravity gradient instrument (GGI) is proposed and demonstrated in this paper. The purpose of automatic scale factor matching of the four accelerometers in GGI is to suppress the common mode acceleration of the moving-based platforms. However, taking the full model equation of the accelerometer into consideration, the other two orthogonal axes which is the pendulous axis and the output axis, will also sense the common mode acceleration and reduce the suppression performance. The coefficients from the two axes to the output are and respectively, called the misalignment angles. The angle , coupling with the acceleration along the pendulous axis perpendicular to the rotational plane, will not be modulated by the rotation and gives little contribution to the scale factors matching. On the other hand, because of coupling with the acceleration along the centripetal direction in the rotating plane, the angle would produce a component with 90 degrees phase delay relative to the scale factor component. Hence, the component coincides exactly with the sensitive direction of the orthogonal accelerometers. To improve the common mode acceleration rejection, the misalignment angle is compensated by injecting a trimming current, which is proportional to the output of an orthogonal accelerometer, into the torque coil of the accelerometer during the scale factor matching. The experimental results show that the common linear acceleration suppression achieved three orders after the scale factors balance and five orders after the misalignment angles compensation, which is almost down to the noise level of the used accelerometers of 1~2 × 10 g/√Hz (1 g ≈ 9.8 m/s²).
PubMed: 29670021
DOI: 10.3390/s18041247 -
Open Access Macedonian Journal of... Jan 2018Cutaneous carcinosarcoma (CCS) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer with a biphasic growth pattern. A tumour is composed of epithelial and mesenchymal cells that show...
Cutaneous carcinosarcoma (CCS) is a rare non-melanoma skin cancer with a biphasic growth pattern. A tumour is composed of epithelial and mesenchymal cells that show clonality. In most cases, CCS develops in the head-and-neck region on the chronic sun-exposed skin of males. Here, we describe an 80-year-old female patient who developed a giant, pendulous CCS on the leg. A tumour was surgically removed. We found no evidence of metastatic spread.
PubMed: 29484002
DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.036 -
Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2018Acquired cutis laxa (ACL) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by pendulous and coarsely wrinkled skin. There have been few cases of its association to...
Acquired cutis laxa (ACL) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by pendulous and coarsely wrinkled skin. There have been few cases of its association to monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD), which constitutes the light chain (LCDD), heavy chain (HCDD), and light and heavy chain (LHCDD) deposition disease. MIDD predominantly involves the kidney. Skin is the next common organ to be affected by HCDD, which presents as ACL. We report the case of a 40-year-old male who presented with ACL associated with LHCDD. The clinical features of ACL in the present case appeared prior to the development of clinical features related to LHCDD.
PubMed: 29441298
DOI: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_403_16 -
Genes Nov 2017Salix matsudana is a large and rapidly-growing tree, with erect or spreading branchlets (upright willow). However, S. matsudana var. pseudomatsudana is one of the...
Salix matsudana is a large and rapidly-growing tree, with erect or spreading branchlets (upright willow). However, S. matsudana var. pseudomatsudana is one of the varietas, with pendulous branchlets (weeping willow). It has high ornamental value for its graceful pendulous branches. In order to study the molecular basis for this weeping trait, leaves and stems collected at different developmental stages were analyzed using RNA-seq coupled with digital gene expression. Although weeping trees are used worldwide as landscape plants, little is known about the genes that control weeping. Our growth results indicated that branches in weeping willow developed and elongated throughout all developmental stages, but branches in upright willow grew rapidly in the initial stages and then grew slowly and began shoot branching in the middle stages. A total of 613 hormone-related genes were differentially expressed in willow development. Among these, genes associated with auxin and gibberellin (GA) were highly likely to be responsible for the weeping trait, and genes associated with auxin and ethylene probably play crucial roles in shoot elongation. The genes with differential expression patterns were used to construct a network that regulated stem development, and auxin-related genes were identified as hub genes in the network in the weeping willow. Our results suggest an important role of gibberellin and auxin in regulating the weeping trait in Salix matsudana. This is the first report on the molecular aspects of hormonal effects on weeping trait in willow using transcriptomics and helps in dissecting the molecular mechanisms by which the weeping trait is controlled.
PubMed: 29189719
DOI: 10.3390/genes8120359 -
Advances in Radiation Oncology 2017
PubMed: 29114594
DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2017.05.009 -
Urology Case Reports Sep 2017A congenital megalourethra is an enlargement of the pendulous urethra without evidence of distal obstruction. A 1-month-old boy presented to us with complaint of weak...
A congenital megalourethra is an enlargement of the pendulous urethra without evidence of distal obstruction. A 1-month-old boy presented to us with complaint of weak stream, ballooning of the penis before and during voiding and post voiding dribbling, since birth. Physical examination and cystourethroscope confirmed the diagnosis of congenital scaphoid megalourethra. He underwent reduction urethroplasty. During postoperative follow up, he had normal looking penis with good urinary stream.
PubMed: 28607875
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2017.05.002 -
United European Gastroenterology Journal Jun 2017Many endoscopists acknowledge that the appearance of the papilla of Vater seems to affect biliary cannulation. To assess the association between the macroscopic...
BACKGROUND
Many endoscopists acknowledge that the appearance of the papilla of Vater seems to affect biliary cannulation. To assess the association between the macroscopic appearance of the papilla and biliary cannulation and other related clinical issues, a system is needed to define the appearance of the papilla.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to validate an endoscopic classification of the papilla of Vater by assessing the interobserver and intraobserver agreements among endoscopist with varying experience.
METHODS
An endoscopic classification, based on pictures captured from 140 different papillae, containing four types of papillae was proposed. The four types are (a) Type 1: regular papilla, no distinctive features, 'classic appearance'; (b) Type 2: small papilla, often flat, with a diameter ≤ 3 mm (approximately 9 Fr); (c) Type 3: protruding or pendulous papilla, a papilla that is standing out, protruding or bulging into the duodenal lumen or sometimes hanging down, pendulous with the orifice oriented caudally; and (d) Type 4: creased or ridged papilla, where the ductal mucosa seems to extend distally, rather out of the papillary orifice, either on a ridge or in a crease. To assess the level of interobserver agreement, a web-based survey was sent out to 18 endoscopists, containing 50 sets of still images of the papilla, distributed between the four different types. Three months later a follow-up survey, with images from the first survey was sent to the same endoscopists.
RESULTS
Interobserver agreement was substantial (κ = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.58-0.65) and were similar for both experts and non-experts. The intraobserver agreement assessed with the second survey was also substantial (κ = 0.66, 95% CI 0.59-0.72).
CONCLUSION
The proposed endoscopic classification of the papilla of Vater seems to be easy to use, irrespective of the level of experience of the endoscopist. It carries a substantial inter- and intraobserver agreement and now the clinical relevance of the four different papilla types awaits to be determined.
PubMed: 28588881
DOI: 10.1177/2050640616674837 -
Journal of Radiology Case Reports Feb 2017The classic presentation of penile fracture is a cracking or snap sound, with sharp pain, immediate detumescence, swelling, deformation and ecchymosis. A penile fracture...
The classic presentation of penile fracture is a cracking or snap sound, with sharp pain, immediate detumescence, swelling, deformation and ecchymosis. A penile fracture involves rupture of the tunica albuginea of one or both corpora cavernosa. Concomitant urethral rupture is reported to occur in 10% to 20% of penile fracture cases. Isolated urethral injury without penile fracture is extremely rare. We report the first case of isolated pendulous urethral rupture from an abrupt coital distractive force. We include a literature review and discussion of isolated urethral trauma secondary to sexual intercourse. Retrograde urethrography rendered a stunning clinical image which was integral to the diagnosis and management of this patient's injury.
Topics: Adult; Coitus; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Rupture; Urethra; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male
PubMed: 28580070
DOI: 10.3941/jrcr.v11i2.2907