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International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Curcumin is a natural compound that is considered safe and may have potential health benefits; however, its poor stability and water insolubility limit its therapeutic...
Curcumin is a natural compound that is considered safe and may have potential health benefits; however, its poor stability and water insolubility limit its therapeutic applications. Different strategies aim to increase its water solubility. Here, we tested the compound PVP-curcumin as a photosensitizer for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as well as its potential to act as an adjuvant in antibiotic drug therapy. Gram-negative K12 and Gram-positive were subjected to aPDT using various PVP-curcumin concentrations (1-200 µg/mL) and 475 nm blue light (7.5-45 J/cm). Additionally, results were compared to aPDT using 415 nm blue light. Gene expression of and were analyzed via RT-qPCR to assess effects on the bacterial SOS response. Further, the potentiation of Ciprofloxacin by PVP-curcumin was investigated, as well as its potential to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Both bacterial strains were efficiently reduced when irradiated with 415 nm blue light (2.2 J/cm) and 10 µg/mL curcumin. Using 475 nm blue light, bacterial reduction followed a biphasic effect with higher efficacy in compared to K12. PVP-curcumin decreased expression but had limited effect regarding enhancing antibiotic treatment or impeding resistance development. PVP-curcumin demonstrated effectiveness as a photosensitizer against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but did not modulate the bacterial SOS response.
Topics: Curcumin; Photosensitizing Agents; Rec A Recombinases; Ciprofloxacin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Photochemotherapy; SOS Response, Genetics; Escherichia coli K12; Escherichia coli Proteins; Povidone; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Escherichia coli; Light; DNA-Binding Proteins
PubMed: 38892328
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116140 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Secukinumab and Dead Sea treatment result in clear skin for many psoriasis patients, through distinct mechanisms. However, recurrence in the same areas after treatments...
Secukinumab and Dead Sea treatment result in clear skin for many psoriasis patients, through distinct mechanisms. However, recurrence in the same areas after treatments suggests the existence of a molecular scar. We aimed to compare the molecular and genetic differences in psoriasis patients who achieved complete response from secukinumab and Dead Sea climatotherapy treatments. We performed quantitative immunohistochemical and transcriptomic analysis, in addition to digital spatial profiling of skin punch biopsies. Histologically, both treatments resulted in a normalization of the lesional skin to a level resembling nonlesional skin. Interestingly, the transcriptome was not normalized by either treatments. We revealed 479 differentially expressed genes between secukinumab and Dead Sea climatotherapy at the end of treatment, with a psoriasis panel identifying , , , , and as upregulated in Dead Sea climatotherapy compared with secukinumab. Using digital spatial profiling, pan-RAS was observed to be differentially expressed in the microenvironment surrounding CD103 cells, and IDO1 was differentially expressed in the dermis when comparing the two treatments. The differences observed between secukinumab and Dead Sea climatotherapy suggest the presence of a molecular scar, which may stem from mechanistically different pathways and potentially contribute to disease recurrence. This may be important for determining treatment response duration and disease memory.
Topics: Humans; Psoriasis; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Skin; Male; Adult; Female; Middle Aged; Climatotherapy; Transcriptome; Gene Expression Profiling; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38892277
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116086 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Anti-tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a unique modality that employs a photosensitizer (PS), PS-exciting light, and O to generate cytotoxic oxidants. For various... (Review)
Review
Anti-tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a unique modality that employs a photosensitizer (PS), PS-exciting light, and O to generate cytotoxic oxidants. For various reasons, not all malignant cells in any given tumor will succumb to a PDT challenge. Previous studies by the authors revealed that nitric oxide (NO) from inducible NO synthase (iNOS/NOS2) plays a key role in tumor cell resistance and also stimulation of migratory/invasive aggressiveness of surviving cells. iNOS was the only NOS isoform implicated in these effects. Significantly, NO from stress-upregulated iNOS was much more important in this regard than NO from preexisting enzymes. Greater NO-dependent resistance, migration, and invasion was observed with at least three different cancer cell lines, and this was attenuated by iNOS activity inhibitors, NO scavengers, or an iNOS transcriptional inhibitor. NO diffusing from PDT-targeted cells also stimulated migration/invasion potency of non-targeted bystander cells. Unless counteracted by appropriate measures, all these effects could seriously compromise clinical PDT efficacy. Here, we will review specific examples of these negative side effects of PDT and how they might be suppressed by adjuvants such as NO scavengers or inhibitors of iNOS activity or expression.
Topics: Humans; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Cell Movement; Nitric Oxide; Photochemotherapy; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasms; Animals; Up-Regulation; Photosensitizing Agents
PubMed: 38891885
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115697 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising cancer therapy modality with significant advantages such as precise targeting, convenient drug delivery, better efficacy, and... (Review)
Review
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising cancer therapy modality with significant advantages such as precise targeting, convenient drug delivery, better efficacy, and minimal adverse effects. Photothermal therapy effectively absorbs the photothermal transducers in the near-infrared region (NIR), which induces the photothermal effect to work. Although PTT has a better role in tumor therapy, it also suffers from low photothermal conversion efficiency, biosafety, and incomplete tumor elimination. Therefore, the use of nanomaterials themselves as photosensitizers, the targeted modification of nanomaterials to improve targeting efficiency, or the combined use of nanomaterials with other therapies can improve the therapeutic effects and reduce side effects. Notably, noble metal nanomaterials have attracted much attention in PTT because they have strong surface plasmon resonance and an effective absorbance light at specific near-infrared wavelengths. Therefore, they can be used as excellent photosensitizers to mediate photothermal conversion and improve its efficiency. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the key role played by noble metal nanomaterials in tumor photothermal therapy. It also describes the major challenges encountered during the implementation of photothermal therapy.
Topics: Humans; Photothermal Therapy; Neoplasms; Metal Nanoparticles; Animals; Photosensitizing Agents
PubMed: 38891819
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115632 -
Cells Jun 2024Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on the brain employs red to near-infrared (NIR) light to treat various neurological and psychological disorders. The mechanism involves... (Review)
Review
Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on the brain employs red to near-infrared (NIR) light to treat various neurological and psychological disorders. The mechanism involves the activation of cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thereby enhancing ATP synthesis. Additionally, light absorption by ion channels triggers the release of calcium ions, instigating the activation of transcription factors and subsequent gene expression. This cascade of events not only augments neuronal metabolic capacity but also orchestrates anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic responses, fostering neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. It shows promise for treating conditions like dementia, stroke, brain trauma, Parkinson's disease, and depression, even enhancing cognitive functions in healthy individuals and eliciting growing interest within the medical community. However, delivering sufficient light to the brain through transcranial approaches poses a significant challenge due to its limited penetration into tissue, prompting an exploration of alternative delivery methods such as intracranial and intranasal approaches. This comprehensive review aims to explore the mechanisms through which PBM exerts its effects on the brain and provide a summary of notable preclinical investigations and clinical trials conducted on various brain disorders, highlighting PBM's potential as a therapeutic modality capable of effectively impeding disease progression within the organism-a task often elusive with conventional pharmacological interventions.
Topics: Humans; Low-Level Light Therapy; Brain; Cognition; Animals
PubMed: 38891098
DOI: 10.3390/cells13110966 -
Lasers in Medical Science Jun 2024Striae distensae are common dermatological complaint. Cold laser using low-level light/laser therapy (LLLT) offers healing and analgesic effects and was not yet compared... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Striae distensae are common dermatological complaint. Cold laser using low-level light/laser therapy (LLLT) offers healing and analgesic effects and was not yet compared to 'hot lasers' efficacy. Study objective: to assess the efficacy and safety of LLLT in the management of stria alba compared to fractional carbon dioxide (FCO) laser alone and to the combined use of both devices. Thirty patients with stria alba were randomized to receive either LLLT using diode 808 nm; 8-12 sessions, 2-3 sessions weekly (Group A) or FCO laser; 2 monthly sessions (Group B) or combined both devices simultaneously (Group C). Follow up was at 1 month and 3 months after last session. The efficacy of LLLT was statistically comparable to FCO2, despite numerical superiority of the latter. The combined group had the least numerical values in all efficacy outcomes. Patients in LLLT group did not experience any downtime. LLLT is effective in the management of stria alba comparable to the FCO laser. The lack of downtime with LLLT is reflected positively on patient's satisfaction. However, this is counterbalanced by the frequent weekly visits. Although adding LLLT to FCO2 laser palliates the laser side effects but it offers the least efficacy. Trial registration number NCT04165226 (clinicaltrials.gov).
Topics: Humans; Lasers, Gas; Adult; Female; Low-Level Light Therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Young Adult; Treatment Outcome; Patient Satisfaction; Adolescent
PubMed: 38890186
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04107-x -
International Wound Journal Jun 2024Bacterial infection is the most common complication in wound healing, highlighting an urgent need for the development of innovative antibacterial technologies and...
A win-win platform: Stabilized black phosphorous nanosheets loading gallium ions for enhancing the healing of bacterial-infected wounds through synergistic antibacterial approaches.
Bacterial infection is the most common complication in wound healing, highlighting an urgent need for the development of innovative antibacterial technologies and treatments to address the growing threats posed by bacterial infections. Black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs), as a promising two-dimensional nanomaterial, have been utilized in treating infected wounds. However, BP's limited stability restricts its application. In this study, we enhance BP's stability and its antibacterial properties by anchoring gallium ions (Ga) onto BP's surface, creating a novel antibacterial platform. This modification reduces BP's electron density and enhances its antibacterial capabilities through a synergistic effect. Under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the BP/Ga combination exerts antibacterial effects via photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), while also releasing Ga. The Ga employ a 'Trojan horse strategy' to disrupt iron metabolism, significantly boosting the antibacterial efficacy of the complex. This innovative material offers a viable alternative to antibiotics and holds significant promise for treating infected wounds and aiding skin reconstruction.
Topics: Gallium; Wound Healing; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Phosphorus; Humans; Animals; Nanostructures; Wound Infection; Photochemotherapy; Bacterial Infections; Mice; Photothermal Therapy
PubMed: 38888416
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14940 -
Cancer Medicine Jun 2024Therapy-induced senescent cancer and stromal cells secrete cytokines and growth factors to promote tumor progression. Therefore, senescent cells may be novel targets for...
INTRODUCTION
Therapy-induced senescent cancer and stromal cells secrete cytokines and growth factors to promote tumor progression. Therefore, senescent cells may be novel targets for tumor treatment. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a highly tumor-selective therapy that employs conjugates of a molecular-targeting antibody and photoabsorber. Thus, NIR-PIT has the potential to be applied as a novel senolytic therapy. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of NIR-PIT treatment on senescent cancer and stromal cells.
METHODS
Two cancer cell lines (human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and human pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 cells) and two normal cell lines (mouse fibroblast transfected with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] cells and human fibroblast WI38 cells) were used. The cytotoxicity of NIR-PIT was evaluated using anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody panitumumab and anti-HER2 antibody transtuzumab.
RESULTS
Cellular senescence was induced in A549 and MIA PaCa-2 cells by 10 Gy γ-irradiation. The up-regulation of cellular senescence markers and characteristic morphological changes in senescent cells, including enlargement, flattening, and multinucleation, were observed in cancer cells after 5 days of γ-irradiation. Then, NIR-PIT targeting EGFR was performed on these senescent cancer cells. The NIR-PIT induced morphological changes, including bleb formation, swelling, and the inflow of extracellular fluid, and induced a significant decrease in cellular viability. These results suggested that NIR-PIT may induce cytotoxicity using the same mechanism in senescent cancer cells. In addition, similar morphological changes were also induced in radiation-induced senescent 3T3-HER2 fibroblasts by NIR-PIT targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.
CONCLUSION
NIR-PIT eliminates both senescent cancer and stromal cells in vitro suggesting it may be a novel strategy for tumor treatment.
Topics: Humans; Cellular Senescence; Animals; Mice; Immunotherapy; Stromal Cells; Phototherapy; ErbB Receptors; Cell Line, Tumor; Infrared Rays; Receptor, ErbB-2; Lung Neoplasms; Trastuzumab; Panitumumab; A549 Cells; Gamma Rays
PubMed: 38888415
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7381 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Jun 2024The total glucoside of paeony (TGP) is recognized for its immunomodulatory properties and anti-inflammatory effects. This study evaluates the efficacy of TGP combined...
BACKGROUND
The total glucoside of paeony (TGP) is recognized for its immunomodulatory properties and anti-inflammatory effects. This study evaluates the efficacy of TGP combined with oral mini-pulse therapy (OMP) and narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) in treating active nonsegmental vitiligo (NSV).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The combination therapy was contrasted against those from a group treated solely with OMP and NB-UVB. Data from 62 patients undergoing TGP combination treatment and 55 without were analyzed over a 3-month period. After 6 months, the differences in recurrence rate were investigated by follow-up.
RESULTS
The findings indicate that integrating TGP may yield superior outcomes compared to OMP + NB-UVB alone. Moreover, the patient's oxidative stress makers were significantly reduced after the treatment. The majority of patients in the TGP cohort exhibited enhanced skin pigmentation over the duration. Notably, no increase in side effects or recurrence was observed in this group. Especially, patients with vitiligo on their head and neck experienced pronounced improvements.
CONCLUSION
The efficacy of the combination treatment group was better than that of the control group at 2 and 3 months, and there was no difference in recurrence rate and side effects, suggesting that TGP may continue to show efficacy in NSV for a longer period of time by reducing the level of oxidative stress, and is especially suitable for patients with head and neck lesions.
Topics: Humans; Vitiligo; Female; Male; Adult; Ultraviolet Therapy; Retrospective Studies; Paeonia; Glucosides; Combined Modality Therapy; Middle Aged; Young Adult; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Treatment Outcome; Administration, Oral; Plant Extracts; Adolescent; Skin Pigmentation
PubMed: 38887837
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13769 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024Phototherapy, known for its high selectivity, few side effects, strong controllability, and synergistic enhancement of combined treatments, is widely used in treating...
Tumor Cell-Targeting and Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Nanoplatforms for the Multimodal Imaging-Guided Photodynamic/Photothermal/Chemodynamic Treatment of Cervical Cancer.
PURPOSE
Phototherapy, known for its high selectivity, few side effects, strong controllability, and synergistic enhancement of combined treatments, is widely used in treating diseases like cervical cancer.
METHODS
In this study, hollow mesoporous manganese dioxide was used as a carrier to construct positively charged, poly(allylamine hydrochloride)-modified nanoparticles (NPs). The NP was efficiently loaded with the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) via the addition of hydrogen phosphate ions to produce a counterion aggregation effect. HeLa cell membrane encapsulation was performed to achieve the final M-HMnO@ICG NP. In this structure, the HMnO carrier responsively degrades to release ICG in the tumor microenvironment, self-generates O for sensitization to ICG-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT), and consumes GSH to expand the oxidative stress therapeutic effect [chemodynamic therapy (CDT) + PDT]. The ICG accumulated in tumor tissues exerts a synergistic PDT/photothermal therapy (PTT) effect through single laser irradiation, improving efficiency and reducing side effects. The cell membrane encapsulation increases nanomedicine accumulation in tumor tissues and confers an immune evasion ability. In addition, high local temperatures induced by PTT can enhance CDT. These properties of the NP enable full achievement of PTT/PDT/CDT and targeted effects.
RESULTS
Mn can serve as a magnetic resonance imaging agent to guide therapy, and ICG can be used for photothermal and fluorescence imaging. After its intravenous injection, M-HMnO@ICG accumulated effectively at mouse tumor sites; the optimal timing of in-vivo laser treatment could be verified by near-infrared fluorescence, magnetic resonance, and photothermal imaging. The M-HMnO@ICG NPs had the best antitumor effects among treatment groups under near-infrared light conditions, and showed good biocompatibility.
CONCLUSION
In this study, we designed a nano-biomimetic delivery system that improves hypoxia, responds to the tumor microenvironment, and efficiently loads ICG. It provides a new economical and convenient strategy for synergistic phototherapy and CDT for cervical cancer.
Topics: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Female; Tumor Microenvironment; Humans; Indocyanine Green; Photochemotherapy; Animals; HeLa Cells; Photosensitizing Agents; Nanoparticles; Manganese Compounds; Mice; Multimodal Imaging; Photothermal Therapy; Oxides; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Polyamines; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 38887692
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S466042