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Microorganisms Apr 2024The blotched snakehead is an important economical freshwater species in East Asia. However, there has been relatively little research conducted on the correlation...
The blotched snakehead is an important economical freshwater species in East Asia. However, there has been relatively little research conducted on the correlation between gender and gut microbes. In this study, 36 of 1000 blotched snakeheads were randomly selected for growth performance measurement and gut microbiota high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that microbial diversity, composition, and metabolic functions were altered by gender and growth performance except the microbial network. In our study, Proteobacteria were the most abundant phylum, with Fusobacteria showing enrichment in males and Bacteroidetes in females. Notably, phylum Deinococcus-Thermus was identified as a significant biomarker. The Cetobacterium was the most abundant genus-level taxon. Furthermore, gut microbes specializing in the production of gut-healthy substances, such as coenzymes and vitamins, were identified as biomarkers in the fast-growing group. Our investigation highlighted the impact of gender on the composition and abundance of gut microbial biomarkers in both males and females, thereby influencing differential growth performance through the modulation of specific metabolic functions.
PubMed: 38792700
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050871 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Periodontitis is linked to the onset and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), an epidemiologically frequent and clinically aggressive malignancy. In this... (Review)
Review
Periodontitis is linked to the onset and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), an epidemiologically frequent and clinically aggressive malignancy. In this context, and , two bacteria that cause periodontitis, are found in OSCC tissues as well as in oral premalignant lesions, where they exert pro-tumorigenic activities. Since the two bacteria are present also in endodontic diseases, playing a role in their pathogenesis, here we analyze the literature searching for information on the impact that endodontic infection by or could have on cellular and molecular events involved in oral carcinogenesis. Results from the reviewed papers indicate that infection by and/or triggers the production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in dental pulp cells or periodontal cells, affecting the survival, proliferation, invasion, and differentiation of OSCC cells. In addition, the two bacteria and the cytokines they induce halt the differentiation and stimulate the proliferation and invasion of stem cells populating the dental pulp or the periodontium. Although most of the literature confutes the possibility that bacteria-induced endodontic inflammatory diseases could impact on oral carcinogenesis, the papers we have analyzed and discussed herein recommend further investigations on this topic.
Topics: Humans; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Mouth Neoplasms; Fusobacterium Infections; Carcinogenesis; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Periodontitis; Animals; Cytokines
PubMed: 38791123
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105083 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, remain a leading cause of death globally. Emerging evidence suggests the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in...
INTRODUCTION
Cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, remain a leading cause of death globally. Emerging evidence suggests the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health. This study aims to explore the impact of gut microbiota on myocardial infarction using a mouse model.
METHODS
The research utilizes a multi-omics approach, including 16S rDNA sequencing and LC-MS-based metabolomics to analyze fecal and serum samples from mice modeled to mimic myocardial infarction. This methodology allows for a comprehensive analysis of microbial populations and their metabolic output.
RESULTS
The findings reveal a significant reduction in gut microbiota α-diversity in mice with induced myocardial infarction compared to healthy controls. Notably, there is an increase in populations of Fusobacteria and Clostridia. Metabolomic analysis indicates disruptions in amino acid and energy metabolism, suggesting a metabolic dysregulation linked to myocardial health.
DISCUSSION
The study proposes a novel microbiota-metabolite-myocardium axis, where specific microbial metabolites may directly affect heart health. This connection points to the gut microbiota as a potential player in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction and may open new therapeutic avenues targeting the gut microbiome to combat cardiovascular diseases.
PubMed: 38784809
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1389311 -
Scientific Reports May 2024This study aimed to explore the gut microbiota characteristics of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. A case-control study was conducted, and high-throughput...
This study aimed to explore the gut microbiota characteristics of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. A case-control study was conducted, and high-throughput sequencing of the V4-V5 region of 16S rRNA was used to analyze the differences in gut microbiota. The results showed that Proteobacteria was significantly increased in the ischemic stroke group compared with the healthy control group, while Fusobacteria was significantly increased in the hemorrhagic stroke group. In the ischemic stroke group, Butyricimonas, Alloprevotella, and Escherichia were significantly more abundant than in the healthy control group. In the hemorrhagic stroke group, Atopobium, Hungatella, Eisenbergiella, Butyricimonas, Odonbacter, Lachnociostridium, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, and Fusobacterium were significantly more abundant than in the healthy control group. Additionally, Alloprevotella, Ruminococcus, and Prevotella were significantly more abundant in the ischemic stroke group than in the hemorrhagic stroke group. The gut microbiota of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients has significant diversity characteristics. These results provide new theoretical basis for exploring the prevention and treatment of different types of stroke through gut microbiota research.
Topics: Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Ischemic Stroke; Male; Hemorrhagic Stroke; Female; Case-Control Studies; Middle Aged; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Aged; Bacteria; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
PubMed: 38782999
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62606-x -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology May 2024To investigate the cell-cell interactions of intergeneric bacterial species, the study detected the survival of Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) under monospecies or...
To investigate the cell-cell interactions of intergeneric bacterial species, the study detected the survival of Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) under monospecies or coaggregation state with Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. polymorphum (Fnp) in environmental stress. Ef and Fnp infected the human macrophages with different forms (Ef and Fnp monospecies, Ef-Fnp coaggregates, Ef + Fnp cocultures) for exploring the immunoregulatory effects and the relevant molecular mechanisms. Meanwhile, the transcriptomic profiles of coaggregated Ef and Fnp were analyzed. Ef was shown to coaggregate with Fnp strongly in CAB within 90 min by forming multiplexes clumps. Coaggregation with Fnp reinforced Ef resistance against unfavorable conditions including alkaline, hypertonic, nutrient-starvation, and antibiotic challenges. Compared with monospecies and coculture species, the coaggregation of Ef and Fnp significantly facilitates both species to invade dTHP-1 cells and aid Ef to survive within the cells. Compared with coculture species, dual-species interaction of Ef and Fnp significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and chemokines MCP-1 secreted by dTHP-1 cells and lessened the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and p65 signaling pathways. The transcriptome sequencing results showed that 111 genes were differentially expressed or Ef-Fnp coaggregated species compared to Ef monospecies; 651 genes were differentially expressed for Fnp when coaggregation with Ef. The analysis of KEGG pathway showed that Ef differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in quorum sensing and arginine biosynthesis pathway; Fnp DEGs were differentially concentrated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis, biofilm formation, and lysine degradation pathway compared to monospecies. KEY POINTS: • Coaggregated with Fnp aids Ef's survival in environmental stress, especially in root canals after endodontic treatment. • The coaggregation of Ef and Fnp may weaken the pro-inflammatory response and facilitate Ef to evade killed by macrophages. • The coaggregation between Ef and Fnp altered interspecies transcriptional profiles.
Topics: Fusobacterium nucleatum; Enterococcus faecalis; Humans; Macrophages; Stress, Physiological; Cytokines; Bacterial Adhesion; Coculture Techniques; Gene Expression Profiling; Transcriptome; Cell Line; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Inflammation
PubMed: 38761182
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13172-9 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Cryoconite is a granular structure present on the glaciers and ice sheets found in polar regions including the Himalayas. It is composed of organic and inorganic matter...
Cryoconite is a granular structure present on the glaciers and ice sheets found in polar regions including the Himalayas. It is composed of organic and inorganic matter which absorb solar radiations and reduce ice surface albedo, therefore impacting the melting and retreat of glaciers. Though climate warming has a serious impact on Himalayan glaciers, the biodiversity of sub-glacier ecosystems is poorly understood. Moreover, cryoconite holes are unique habitats for psychrophile biodiversity hotspots in the NW Himalayas, but unfortunately, studies on the microbial diversity of such habitats remain elusive. Therefore, the current study was designed to explore the bacterial diversity of the Hamtah Glacier Himalaya using both culturable and non-culturable approaches. The culturable bacterial count ranged from 2.0 × 10 to 8.8 × 10 colony-forming units (CFUs)/g at the different locations of the glacier. A total of 88 bacterial isolates were isolated using the culturable approach. Based on the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rRNA), the identified species belong to seven genera, namely, , and . In the non-culturable approach, high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes (using MiSeq) showed unique bacterial community profiles and represented 440 genera belonging to 20 phyla, namely, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Spirochaetes, Elusimicrobia, Armatimonadetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, Nitrospirae, Chlamydiae, Chlorobi, Deferribacteres, Fusobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and others. High relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were observed in the samples. Phototrophic (Cyanobacteria and Chloroflexi) and nitrifier (Nitrospirae) in bacterial populations indicated sustenance of the micro-ecosystem in the oligotrophic glacier environment. The isolates varied in their phenotypic characteristics, enzyme activities, and antibiotic sensitivity. Furthermore, the fatty acid profiles of bacterial isolates indicate the predominance of branched fatty acids. Iso-, anteiso-, unsaturated and saturated fatty acids together constituted a major proportion of the total fatty acid composition. High cold-adapted enzyme activities such as lipase and cellulase expressed by (KY783365) and protease and cellulase activities by . strains (KY783373, KY783377-79, KY783382) provide evidence of the possible applications of these organisms. Additionally, antibiotic tests indicated that most isolates were sensitive to antibiotics. In conclusion, the present study contributed for the first time to bacterial diversity and biopotentials of cryoconites of Hamtah Glacier, Himalayas. Furthermore, the cold-adapted enzymes and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may provide an opportunity for biotechnology in the Himalayas. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) analyses showed the presence of several elements in cryoconites, providing a clue for the accelerating melting and retreating of the Hamtah glacier.
PubMed: 38751720
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1362678 -
Gut Microbes 2024Extensive research has explored the role of gut microbiota in colorectal cancer (CRC). Nonetheless, metatranscriptomic studies investigating the functional implications...
Extensive research has explored the role of gut microbiota in colorectal cancer (CRC). Nonetheless, metatranscriptomic studies investigating the functional implications of host-microbe interactions in CRC are scarce. Therefore, we characterized the influence of CRC core pathogens and biofilms on the tumor microenvironment (TME) in 40 CRC, paired normal, and healthy tissue biopsies using fluorescence hybridization (FISH) and dual-RNA sequencing. FISH revealed that . was associated with increased bacterial biomass and inflammatory response in CRC samples. Dual-RNA sequencing demonstrated increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, defensins, matrix-metalloproteases, and immunomodulatory factors in CRC samples with high bacterial activity. In addition, bacterial activity correlated with the infiltration of several immune cell subtypes, including M2 macrophages and regulatory T-cells in CRC samples. Specifically, and correlated with the infiltration of neutrophils and CD4 T-cells, respectively. The collective bacterial activity/biomass appeared to exert a more significant influence on the TME than core pathogens, underscoring the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and CRC. These results emphasize how biofilms and core pathogens shape the immune phenotype and TME in CRC while highlighting the need to extend the bacterial scope beyond CRC pathogens to advance our understanding and identify treatment targets.
Topics: Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; Biofilms; Tumor Microenvironment; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Male; Female; Bacteria; Middle Aged; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; Aged; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Cytokines; Macrophages; Phenotype; Bacteroides fragilis
PubMed: 38726597
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2350156 -
Virulence Dec 2024is closely correlated with tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to investigate the effects of host norepinephrine on the carcinogenicity of in CRC and...
is closely correlated with tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to investigate the effects of host norepinephrine on the carcinogenicity of in CRC and reveal the underlying mechanism. The results revealed that both norepinephrine and bacterial quorum sensing (QS) molecule auto-inducer-2 (AI-2) were positively associated with the progression of related CRC ( < 0.01). studies, norepinephrine induced upregulation of QS-associated genes and promoted the virulence and proliferation of . Moreover, chronic stress significantly increased the colon tumour burden of Apc mice infected with ( < 0.01), which was decreased by a catecholamine inhibitor ( < 0.001). Our findings suggest that stress-induced norepinephrine may promote the progression of related CRC via bacterial QS signalling. These preliminary data provide a novel strategy for the management of pathogenic bacteria by targeting host hormones-bacterial QS inter-kingdom signalling.
Topics: Quorum Sensing; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Animals; Colorectal Neoplasms; Norepinephrine; Mice; Humans; Signal Transduction; Disease Progression; Fusobacterium Infections; Virulence; Homoserine; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Male; Lactones
PubMed: 38725098
DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2350904 -
Communications Biology May 2024Fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative oral bacterium, has been consistently validated as a strong contributor to the progression of several types of cancer, including...
Fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative oral bacterium, has been consistently validated as a strong contributor to the progression of several types of cancer, including colorectal (CRC) and pancreatic cancer. While previous in vitro studies have shown that intracellular F. nucleatum enhances malignant phenotypes such as cell migration, the dependence of this regulation on features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as oxygen levels are wholly uncharacterized. Here we examine the influence of hypoxia in facilitating F. nucleatum invasion and its effects on host responses focusing on changes in the global epigenome and transcriptome. Using a multiomic approach, we analyze epigenomic alterations of H3K27ac and global transcriptomic alterations sustained within a hypoxia and normoxia conditioned CRC cell line HCT116 at 24 h following initial infection with F. nucleatum. Our findings reveal that intracellular F. nucleatum activates signaling pathways and biological processes in host cells similar to those induced upon hypoxia conditioning in the absence of infection. Furthermore, we show that a hypoxic TME favors F. nucleatum invasion and persistence and therefore infection under hypoxia may amplify malignant transformation by exacerbating the effects induced by hypoxia alone. These results motivate future studies to investigate host-microbe interactions in tumor tissue relevant conditions that more accurately define parameters for targeted cancer therapies.
Topics: Humans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Colorectal Neoplasms; Epigenome; Transcriptome; HCT116 Cells; Fusobacterium Infections; Oxygen; Tumor Microenvironment; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
PubMed: 38720110
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06201-w -
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy May 2024
Topics: Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; Fusobacterium
PubMed: 38719840
DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01844-x