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The British Journal of Venereal Diseases Jun 1984
Topics: Ampicillin; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Humans; Pivampicillin; Urethritis
PubMed: 6733435
DOI: 10.1136/sti.60.3.204 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Mar 1984A total of 158 volunteers each received 21 repeated oral doses of 500 mg of cefuroxime axetil (CAE) during four comparative cross-over trials. Pharmacokinetics were...
A total of 158 volunteers each received 21 repeated oral doses of 500 mg of cefuroxime axetil (CAE) during four comparative cross-over trials. Pharmacokinetics were studied in 8 volunteers (CAE versus ampicillin), relative bioavailability and tolerance were studied in 100 volunteers (CAE versus pivmecillinam and CAE versus pivampicillin), and tolerance alone was studied in 50 volunteers (CAE versus ampicillin). Overall, urinary recoveries of the active antibiotics ranked absorption of the drugs in the order least to greatest: pivmecillinam, ampicillin, CAE, and pivampicillin. The pharmacokinetics of CAE and ampicillin did not change after repeated dosing. Peak serum levels of cefuroxime were significantly higher than those of ampicillin after doses 1 and 21 but the urinary recoveries of both antibiotics were around 35% of the dose. CAE was as well tolerated as ampicillin but there were smaller numbers of episodes of fluid bowel motions on pivmecillinam and pivampicillin than on CAE, which may have been due to the smaller amounts of active antibiotic in the doses of the pivaloyloxymethyl esters.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amdinocillin Pivoxil; Ampicillin; Biological Availability; Cefuroxime; Cephalosporins; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Enzymes; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 6721467
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.25.3.344 -
The British Journal of Venereal Diseases Apr 1982Between March 1978 and October 1980 seven patients with beta-lactamase-producing gonococci in the pharynx were treated wit spectinomycin of cefuroxime or both. One-day...
Between March 1978 and October 1980 seven patients with beta-lactamase-producing gonococci in the pharynx were treated wit spectinomycin of cefuroxime or both. One-day treatment with spectinomycin was effective in only one of six patients and with cefuroxime in only one of four patients. Prolonged treatment with cefuroxime was successful in all five cases so treated.
Topics: Cefuroxime; Cephalosporins; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Penicillinase; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pivampicillin; Spectinomycin
PubMed: 6461385
DOI: 10.1136/sti.58.2.101 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Sep 19791 An in vitro investigation showed that pivampicillin tablets disintegrated more rapidly than pivampicillin capsules. This result was demonstrated and confirmed by... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
1 An in vitro investigation showed that pivampicillin tablets disintegrated more rapidly than pivampicillin capsules. This result was demonstrated and confirmed by gastroscopy in a cross-over study in healthy volunteers. 2 There were no differences in serum levels of ampicillin obtained with the two preparations, but compared with non-gastroscoped volunteers, there was delay of 0.5--1.5 h in the appearance of peak serum ampicillin concentrations after gastroscopy. 3 Half of the volunteers receiving pivampicillin capsules developed hyperaemia, interstitial bleeding or erosions of the gastric mucous membrane. No such reactions were seen after pivampicillin tablets. 4 In one volunteer, a pivampicillin capsule was trapped in a not previously noticed hiatus hernia and local changes and pain occurred.
Topics: Adult; Ampicillin; Capsules; Gastroscopy; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Male; Pivampicillin; Solubility; Tablets; Time Factors
PubMed: 497090
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb01008.x -
Pharmacokinetics of bacampicillin compared with those of ampicillin, pivampicillin, and amoxycillin.Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Jan 1978Bacampicillin, a new oral prodrug which in vivo is rapidly transformed to ampicillin, was compared with ampicillin, pivampicillin, and amoxycillin in a randomized... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Bacampicillin, a new oral prodrug which in vivo is rapidly transformed to ampicillin, was compared with ampicillin, pivampicillin, and amoxycillin in a randomized cross-over study on 11 healthy volunteers. All drugs were given in oral doses equimolar to 400 mg of bacampicillin (800 mumol). The mean of the individual peak concentrations in serum was 8.3 mug/ml for bacampicillin, 7.1 mug/ml for pivampicillin, 7.7 mug/ml for amoxycillin, and 3.7 mug/ml for ampicillin. Furthermore, bacampicillin had a higher absorption rate than all the other drugs, although there were statistically significant differences only versus ampicillin. The peak serum levels of the individual subjects were more dispersed with ampicillin and amoxycillin, suggesting a more uniform absorption of bacampicillin and pivampicillin. The relative bioavailability of bacampicillin and pivampicillin was comparable, whereas ampicillin was only 2/3 that of the others.
Topics: Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Biological Availability; Humans; Pivampicillin
PubMed: 626496
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.13.1.90 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Jun 1977
Topics: Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Cephalexin; Food; Humans; Pivampicillin; Time Factors
PubMed: 901729
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00752.x -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Jun 19771 The plasma concentration/time curves of ampicillin and mecillinam in normal subjects were measured after oral administration of ampicillin (500 mg) and pivmecillinam...
1 The plasma concentration/time curves of ampicillin and mecillinam in normal subjects were measured after oral administration of ampicillin (500 mg) and pivmecillinam (400 and 600 mg). 2 Similar plasma concentration/time curves of ampicillin and mecillinam in the starved normal subjects followed oral administration of ampicillin (500 mg) and pivmecillinam (600 mg). 3 The plasma concentration/time curve of mecillinam was measured in the same normal subjects after oral administration of pivmecillinam (400 mg) with a reproducible standardized Lundh test meal. 4 There was no statistically significant difference in the plasma concentration/time curve of mecillinam after pivmecillinam/400 mg) and the meal compared with the plasma concentration/time curve after oral pivmecillinam (400 mg) was given to the same subjects when starved. After administration of pivmecillinam (400 mg) with meal, Tasc was significantly delayed beyond the value obtained when the subjects were starved. 5 The pharmacokinetics of pivmecillinam in coeliac disease are normal. This finding contrasts with previous studies on the pharmacokinetics of another pivaloyloxymethylpenicillin ester, pivampicillin, in this condition.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amdinocillin Pivoxil; Ampicillin; Biological Assay; Celiac Disease; Escherichia coli; Food; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Kinetics; Middle Aged; Penicillanic Acid; Sarcina; Starvation
PubMed: 197981
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1977.tb00711.x -
The British Journal of Venereal Diseases Jun 197681 patients have been treated with single oral doses of 1-5 g. (6 tablets) of talampicillin without probenecid. The failure rate amongst those followed was only 4-2 per... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
81 patients have been treated with single oral doses of 1-5 g. (6 tablets) of talampicillin without probenecid. The failure rate amongst those followed was only 4-2 per cent. No side-effects were reported. These results were superior to those obtained with 2-0g. or equivalent of ampicillin, amoxycillin, or pivampicillin with probenecid. Talampicillin is thus the most potent ampicillin-like antibiotic so far available for the treatment of gonorrhoea and is capable of curing the disease with a smaller single dose without probenecid than is necessary for other preparations.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Follow-Up Studies; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Pivampicillin
PubMed: 1276866
DOI: 10.1136/sti.52.3.184 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Jul 1975The absorption of orally administered pivampicillin was studied in nine postoperative patients and compared with that of intravenously administered ampicillin. The... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The absorption of orally administered pivampicillin was studied in nine postoperative patients and compared with that of intravenously administered ampicillin. The absorption of pivampicillin was calculated on the basis of comparison of the areas under the serum concentration curves for both modes of administration. After an oral dose of 700 mg the absorption ranged from 40 to 95% (mean, 60%).
Topics: Absorption; Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Female; Humans; Kinetics; Male; Middle Aged; Pivampicillin; Postoperative Care; Surgical Wound Infection; Time Factors
PubMed: 1164005
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.8.1.11 -
The British Journal of Venereal Diseases Feb 1975419 patients with uncomplicated gonorrhoea were treated with sulphamethoxazole 4 g. combined with trimethoprim 0-8 g. divided into two doses with an 8-hr interval. The... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
419 patients with uncomplicated gonorrhoea were treated with sulphamethoxazole 4 g. combined with trimethoprim 0-8 g. divided into two doses with an 8-hr interval. The failure rate was 1-9 per cent. Parallel with this trial, 319 patients received pivampicillin 1-4 g. combined with probenecid 1 g,; the failure rate was 0-9 per cent. Side-effects were few, four patients in the first group and one in the second group developing a rash. No recurrences were noted in nine patients treated for tonsillar gonorrhoea with the trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole schedule, while two recurrences were found in thirteen patients treated with pivampicillin-probenecid. The frequency of post-gonococcal urethritis was 7-7 per cent. in the pivampicillin-pro-benecid group against 3-4 per cent. in the trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole group, a difference which was not statistically significant.
Topics: Ampicillin; Drug Combinations; Dyspepsia; Erythema; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Palatine Tonsil; Pivampicillin; Probenecid; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim
PubMed: 1125747
DOI: 10.1136/sti.51.1.31