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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Nov 1974The absorption and excretion of equivalent doses of ampicillin, pivampicillin, and amoxycillin were compared in 10 healthy volunteers after administration of these... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
The absorption and excretion of equivalent doses of ampicillin, pivampicillin, and amoxycillin were compared in 10 healthy volunteers after administration of these antibiotics in a randomized triple crossover fashion. As recommended, ampicillin and amoxycillin were administered on an empty stomach, whereas pivampicillin was given with breakfast. The mean half-life times were nearly identical for all three antibiotics: 60.9 min for ampicillin; 58.4 min for pivampicillin; and 62.2 min for amoxycillin. The absorption of the drugs was evaluated according to the following three criteria: the mean peak serum levels; the "area under the curve"; and the percentage of recovery in urine. By these criteria, pivampicillin was the best-absorbed drug, with absorption 3.0 to 3.6 times higher than that of ampicillin and 1.2 to 1.5 times higher than that of amoxycillin, whereas the absorption of amoxycillin was 2.1 to 2.9 times higher than that of ampicillin.
Topics: Absorption; Adult; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Pivampicillin
PubMed: 15825310
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.6.5.588 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Nov 1974Studies on pivampicillin hydrochloride and ampicillin trihydrate, administered in capsules to healthy volunteers, indicated that pivampicillin was absorbed more...
Studies on pivampicillin hydrochloride and ampicillin trihydrate, administered in capsules to healthy volunteers, indicated that pivampicillin was absorbed more efficiently from the gastrointestinal tract than ampicillin. Average peak concentrations of ampicillin in the serum after doses equimolar to 250 mg of ampicillin were 6.8 mug/ml at 56 min with pivampicillin and 1.96 mug/ml at 1 h 24 min with ampicillin. The maximal concentration after pivampicillin treatment was also higher than that recorded when twice the equimolar dose of ampicillin, which averaged 3.2 mug/ml at 1 h 42 min, was used. The urinary excretion of ampicillin, expressed as a percentage of the administered dose, averaged 67 to 73 and 25 to 29% after administration of pivampicillin and ampicillin, respectively. The bioavailability of ampicillin, taken as the area under the serum curve, obtained with pivampicillin at a 250-mg ampicillin dose level was superior to that obtained with a 500-mg dose of ampicillin. Comparison of a suspension intended for children, containing the pivampicillin free base with a suspension of ampicillin trihydrate, emphasized the difference recorded for the capsule preparations. Administration of pivampicillin with a meal rich in fat and protein had no depressant effect on the absorption. Concurrent administration of probenecid caused higher and prolonged concentrations of ampicillin in the serum.
Topics: Absorption; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biological Availability; Fasting; Humans; Middle Aged; Pivampicillin; Probenecid; Suspensions
PubMed: 15825306
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.6.5.563 -
The British Journal of Venereal Diseases Feb 1974
Clinical Trial
Topics: Administration, Oral; Ampicillin; Cervix Uteri; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Male; Probenecid; Rectum; Urethra; Valerates
PubMed: 4593838
DOI: No ID Found -
The British Journal of Venereal Diseases Dec 1972
Clinical Trial
Topics: Ampicillin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Hydrolysis; Male; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Penicillin G Procaine; Penicillin Resistance; Sex Factors; Valerates; Vomiting
PubMed: 4631231
DOI: 10.1136/sti.48.6.510