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Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Apr 2024Plantar wart is one of the most recalcitrant types of cutaneous warts with a high recurrence rate. Recalcitrant plantar warts are resistant to traditional treatments... (Review)
Review
Plantar wart is one of the most recalcitrant types of cutaneous warts with a high recurrence rate. Recalcitrant plantar warts are resistant to traditional treatments such as cryotherapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modern, non-invasive method utilized to treat benign and malignant skin disorders. Several previous studies have reported the effective application of PDT treatment for plantar warts. We reported three cases of recalcitrant plantar warts successfully treated with PDT.
Topics: Humans; Warts; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Male; Female; Aminolevulinic Acid; Adult; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult; Foot Dermatoses
PubMed: 38614271
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104087 -
Heliyon Jan 2024Human papillomavirus is the ethological agent of various tumors, including plantar warts as one of the most frequent clinical presentations. Diagnosis of these warts...
Human papillomavirus is the ethological agent of various tumors, including plantar warts as one of the most frequent clinical presentations. Diagnosis of these warts continues to be mainly clinical, and a significant incidence of misdiagnosis leads to inadequate treatment. The aim of this study is to implement and validate a multiplex PCR detection method in the clinical setting to detect HPV in samples and to study genotype distribution in Spain to improve future molecular diagnostics. Viral DNA was extracted from 128 samples of clinically suspected plantar warts from various locations in Spain. A multiplex PCR was run alongside internal controls, and amplicons were processed for sequencing and HPV genotyping. The method was validated by assessing both inter- and intra-run repeatability. The PCR detection method returned 81.2 % (n = 104) positive results in the samples tested. Inter- and intra-run repeatability tests showed excellent intra-run agreement (κ = 1.00, p < 0.001) and good inter-run agreement (κ = 0.737, p < 0.001). The most frequent HPV type was HPV1, followed by HPV27, showing a statistical difference between the distribution of HPV genotypes in different areas of Spain. Clinical implementation of a DNA PCR detection method for plantar warts can avoid 18.8 % of unnecessary treatments in doubtful cases, and the method is reliable and validated for the purpose. HPV types show an asymmetric geographical distribution that should be considered for diagnosis and treatment.
PubMed: 38187313
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23550 -
Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina,... Dec 2023Skin warts are ubiquitous, self-limiting, benign neoplasms caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV). Several studies have investigated the prevalence and diversity of HPV... (Review)
Review
Skin warts are ubiquitous, self-limiting, benign neoplasms caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV). Several studies have investigated the prevalence and diversity of HPV types in the three main types of skin warts: common, plantar, and flat warts. Using different methodological approaches and diverse populations, several HPV types were detected in skin warts, but often the etiological link remained unconfirmed. This review addresses recently improved multiple strategies for investigating the presence of HPVs in skin warts, covering proper sampling techniques for HPV testing, choice of molecular method(s) for HPV detection, and assignment of the etiological causality of the tested skin wart to a causative HPV type using cellular viral load estimation. These novel approaches provide useful insight into the range of HPV types causing skin warts and support a refined understanding of their etiology. In addition, we conducted a literature review of the main studies examining HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in common warts, plantar warts, and flat warts. Finally, HPV type-specific histopathological patterns in skin warts are briefly discussed.
Topics: Humans; Papillomavirus Infections; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; DNA, Viral; Warts; Skin; Papillomaviridae
PubMed: 38126099
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2023Erbium-YAG laser has been the working horse in dermatology for years. Surprisingly, data on the efficacy and adverse effects of this novel resurfacing and ablative...
BACKGROUND
Erbium-YAG laser has been the working horse in dermatology for years. Surprisingly, data on the efficacy and adverse effects of this novel resurfacing and ablative technique of erbium-YAG laser for superficial dermatoses in Indian skin is limited.
AIM AND OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of erbium-YAG laser ablation in superficial cutaneous lesions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two hundred and fifty patients of various superficial dermatoses, treatable by erbium-YAG laser, were recruited in the study. All the patients were subjected to erbium-YAG laser sessions. The number of laser sessions, fluence, frequency and other parameters were individualized as per the respective dermatosis. The clinical response was evaluated as grade 4 (100% lesion clearance), grade 3 (75-99%), grade 2 (50-75%) or grade 1 (<50%).
RESULTS
The overall mean age of our study group was 37.70 years. In our study, 52.38% cases of verruca plana, 36.84% cases of seborrheic keratosis, 56.4% cases of xanthelasma palpebrarum, 22% cases of acquired melanocytic nevus, 23.8% cases of plantar wart and 40% cases of sebaceous hyperplasia showed complete clearance. The most common adverse effect was post-laser erythema in 50.4% of cases, followed by pain in 36.8%. Besides this, scarring and dyspigmentation were observed in 11.6% and 12% of cases, respectively. The rate of recurrence on 3 months follow-up was 9 (23.07%) cases in xanthelasma palpebrarum, 11 (28.9%) cases in seborrheic keratosis, 10 (23.8%) cases in verruca plana and 9 (42.8%) cases in plantar warts.
CONCLUSION
This study suggested that erbium-YAG ablation achieved good results for superficial lesions like verruca plana, seborrheic keratosis, xanthelasma palpebrarum, plantar wart, sebaceous hyperplasia and acquired melanocytic nevus. Thus, Er: YAG laser can offer a one-step procedure with better cosmetic results and a lesser rate of recurrence.
PubMed: 38099107
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_621_23 -
Annals of Dermatology Nov 2023Pilomatricoma is a benign skin tumor that arises from hair follicle stem cells. It typically presents in the facial region and rarely involves the palms and soles. A...
Pilomatricoma is a benign skin tumor that arises from hair follicle stem cells. It typically presents in the facial region and rarely involves the palms and soles. A 15-year-old boy presented with a solitary tender nodule on the left sole. He had a history of plantar warts on the same site and had received multiple treatments including cryotherapy and intralesional bleomycin injection for nine months. Excisional biopsy was performed, and the specimen showed a well-demarcated mass in the deep dermis with basaloid cells undergoing abrupt keratinization. Ghost cells were seen with calcification. Based on these findings, he was diagnosed with pilomatricoma on the sole. We report a case of pilomatricoma, which developed on a site without hair follicles.
PubMed: 38061712
DOI: 10.5021/ad.21.165 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2023Hypomorphic mutations of cause an atypical severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related colon lymphoma is a rare complication.
INTRODUCTION
Hypomorphic mutations of cause an atypical severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related colon lymphoma is a rare complication.
CASE PRESENTATION
A teenage boy presented with colon EBV-related colon lymphoma, plantar warts, and a history of recurrent pneumonia. His peripheral blood lymphocyte count and serum level of immunoglobulin (Ig) G were normal, but he exhibited a TBNK immunophenotype. Genetic analysis by whole exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous mutations of (NM_001033855.3), including a novel paternal splicing donor mutation (c.109 + 2T>C) in intron 1, and a maternal c.1147C>T (p.R383X) nonsense mutation in exon 13. Based on his clinical features and genetic results, the diagnosis of atypical SCID with colon lymphoma was established. Our review shows that seven patients, including our patient, have been reported to develop lymphoma, all with hypomorphic mutations. Among these cases, six had EBV-related B-cell lineage lymphoma, and one had Hodgkin lymphoma with EBV reactivation. Unfortunately, all of the patients died.
CONCLUSION
Recognizing the radiosensitivity of the disease is critical for the prognosis. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation before being infected with EBV is an optimal treatment.
PubMed: 37901335
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1282678 -
Explore (New York, N.Y.) 2024Warts result from an infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). Plantar warts, also known as Verruca plantaris, can be notably painful for the patient and possess...
BACKGROUND
Warts result from an infection with the human papilloma virus (HPV). Plantar warts, also known as Verruca plantaris, can be notably painful for the patient and possess contagious qualities, thus necessitating assertive treatment. Despite several available approaches for addressing plantar warts, efficacy remains elusive.
CASE PRESENTATION
One 22-year-old firefighter suffered from numerous plantar warts. After 26 days of traditional Chinese medicine soaking, the rashes completely disappeared. The treatment was without complications or discomfort, and a three-month follow-up showed no recurrence.
CONCLUSION
Our case investigation highlighted the efficacy of herbal soaking as a safe, painless, and non-invasive therapeutic option, positioning it as a potential avenue for managing multiple plantar warts.
Topics: Humans; Aged, 80 and over; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Warts; Foot Diseases; Papillomaviridae; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37673761
DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.08.015 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2023
PubMed: 37614959
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1266047 -
World Journal of Transplantation Jun 2023Warts are common in recipients of kidney transplantation (KT). Resistant warts which are not amenable to conventional therapies may lead to significant mor bidity....
BACKGROUND
Warts are common in recipients of kidney transplantation (KT). Resistant warts which are not amenable to conventional therapies may lead to significant mor bidity. Limited data exists on safety and efficacy of local immunotherapy among immunocompromised KT recipients.
CASE SUMMARY
We report a seven-year-old child who presented with recalcitrant plantar per iungual warts in the early KT period. Immunosuppression consisted of tacrolimus, mycophenolate and steroid. Due to failure of conventional anti-wart therapies, he was treated with two sessions of intralesional (IL) candida immunotherapy along with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy leading to complete resolution of the warts. Interestingly, de novo BK viremia was seen about three weeks following the last candida immunotherapy. This required reduction of immu nosuppression and other anti-BK viral therapies. Allograft function remained stable but there were donor specific antibodies detected. There also was elevated level of plasma donor derived cell-free DNA. A pneumonia occurred ten months following completion of immunotherapy that was successfully treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. During this ten-month follow-up period, there have been no recurrence of warts, and transplant kidney function has remained stable.
CONCLUSION
Stimulation of cell-mediated immunity against the human papilloma virus induced by the IL candida immunotherapy is thought to be a cause for wart resolution. With this therapy, whether it is necessary to augment the immunosuppression to prevent rejection is unclear as that may come with a risk of infectious complications. Larger, prospective studies in pediatric KT recipients are needed to explore these important issues.
PubMed: 37388391
DOI: 10.5500/wjt.v13.i4.201