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Surgical Innovation Jun 2024Plastic surgeons routinely use 3D-models in their clinical practice, from 3D-photography and surface imaging to 3D-segmentations from radiological scans. However, these...
Plastic surgeons routinely use 3D-models in their clinical practice, from 3D-photography and surface imaging to 3D-segmentations from radiological scans. However, these models continue to be viewed on flattened 2D screens that do not enable an intuitive understanding of 3D-relationships and cause challenges regarding collaboration with colleagues. The Metaverse has been proposed as a new age of applications building on modern Mixed Reality headset technology that allows remote collaboration on virtual 3D-models in a shared physical-virtual space in real-time. We demonstrate the first use of the Metaverse in the context of reconstructive surgery, focusing on preoperative planning discussions and trainee education. Using a HoloLens headset with the Microsoft Mesh application, we performed planning sessions for 4 DIEP-flaps in our reconstructive metaverse on virtual patient-models segmented from routine CT angiography. In these sessions, surgeons discuss perforator anatomy and perforator selection strategies whilst comprehensively assessing the respective models. We demonstrate the workflow for a one-on-one interaction between an attending surgeon and a trainee in a video featuring both viewpoints as seen through the headset. We believe the Metaverse will provide novel opportunities to use the 3D-models that are already created in everyday plastic surgery practice in a more collaborative, immersive, accessible, and educational manner.
PubMed: 38905568
DOI: 10.1177/15533506241262946 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jul 2024
Topics: Humans; Povidone-Iodine; Ophthalmic Solutions; COVID-19; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; SARS-CoV-2; Conjunctivitis
PubMed: 38905467
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2666_23 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jul 2024The aim of this study is to describe a modified technique for internal refixation of dislocated scleral-sutured polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) intraocular lenses (IOLs)...
The aim of this study is to describe a modified technique for internal refixation of dislocated scleral-sutured polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) intraocular lenses (IOLs) with eyelets. Three-port pars plana vitrectomy was performed. Through the scleral fixation site, a 30-gauge needle loaded with an 8-0 polypropylene suture was inserted into the vitreous cavity. The suture end was passed through the eyelet of IOL with 25-gauge forceps. Next, it was guided out of the eye through the original scleral fixation point. The end of the exterior suture was buried with a flapless intrascleral knotting technique. Six eyes of six patients were successfully treated with this technique and followed up for 6-12 months postsurgery. In all cases, there was significant improvement in uncorrected visual acuity. IOLs were stable with proper centration and no major complications. This modified technique offers an effective and minimally invasive surgical alternative for refixation of dislocated scleral-sutured PMMA IOLs with eyelets.
Topics: Humans; Polymethyl Methacrylate; Male; Visual Acuity; Lenses, Intraocular; Female; Reoperation; Suture Techniques; Vitrectomy; Middle Aged; Sclera; Artificial Lens Implant Migration; Follow-Up Studies; Aged; Sutures; Adult
PubMed: 38905465
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_2809_23 -
Retrograde adenosine/A receptor signaling facilitates excitatory synaptic transmission and seizures.Cell Reports Jun 2024Retrograde signaling at the synapse is a fundamental way by which neurons communicate and neuronal circuit function is fine-tuned upon activity. While long-term changes...
Retrograde signaling at the synapse is a fundamental way by which neurons communicate and neuronal circuit function is fine-tuned upon activity. While long-term changes in neurotransmitter release commonly rely on retrograde signaling, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identified adenosine/A receptor (AR) as a retrograde signaling pathway underlying presynaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) at a hippocampal excitatory circuit critically involved in memory and epilepsy. Transient burst activity of a single dentate granule cell induced LTP of mossy cell synaptic inputs, a BDNF/TrkB-dependent form of plasticity that facilitates seizures. Postsynaptic TrkB activation released adenosine from granule cells, uncovering a non-conventional BDNF/TrkB signaling mechanism. Moreover, presynaptic ARs were necessary and sufficient for LTP. Lastly, seizure induction released adenosine in a TrkB-dependent manner, while removing ARs or TrkB from the dentate gyrus had anti-convulsant effects. By mediating presynaptic LTP, adenosine/AR retrograde signaling may modulate dentate gyrus-dependent learning and promote epileptic activity.
PubMed: 38905101
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114382 -
Effect of Ward Noise Management Combined with Meditation Training on Stroke Rehabilitation Patients.Noise & HealthTo study the value of ward noise management combined with meditation training in stroke rehabilitation patients.
OBJECTIVE
To study the value of ward noise management combined with meditation training in stroke rehabilitation patients.
METHODS
According to the retrospective analysis method, 150 stroke patients hospitalized in the rehabilitation center of a Tangshan Workers' Hospital from July 2020 to December 2023 were selected as study objects. They were divided into three groups, namely the control group (routine rehabilitation care, n = 50), observation group A (meditation training, n = 50), and observation group B (meditation training and ward noise management, n = 50) according to whether they received ward noise management and meditation training. The general demographic data, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) were collected. Chi-square test and analysis of variance were used to analyse the data.
RESULTS
The baseline data of the patients in each group were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Before treatment, no difference in the FSS, PSQI, SF-36 scores and environmental noise level between the groups (P > 0.05) was observed. After management, the scores of SF-36 in observation group B were higher than those in the control group and observation group A (P < 0.05) except for somatic pain. Other indicators in observation group B were lower than those in the control and observation group A (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Ward noise management and meditation training can effectively reduce patients' fatigue, significantly reducing ambient noise levels, promoting the improvement of life quality, and improving sleep quality.
Topics: Humans; Meditation; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Stroke Rehabilitation; Noise; Fatigue; Adult; Aged; Quality of Life; Sleep Quality
PubMed: 38904809
DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_128_23 -
Noise & HealthDue to the abnormal structure and function of brain neural networks in special populations, such as children, elderly individuals, and individuals with mental disorders,... (Review)
Review
Due to the abnormal structure and function of brain neural networks in special populations, such as children, elderly individuals, and individuals with mental disorders, noise exposure is more likely to have negative psychological and cognitive nonauditory effects on these individuals. There are unique and complex neural mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. For individuals with mental disorders, there are anomalies such as structural atrophy and decreased functional activation in brain regions involved in emotion and cognitive processing, such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Noise exposure can worsen these abnormalities in relevant brain regions, further damaging neural plasticity and disrupting normal connections and the transmission of information between the PFC and other brain areas by causing neurotransmitter imbalances. In the case of children, in a noisy environment, brain regions such as the left inferior frontal gyrus and PFC, which are involved in growth and development, are more susceptible to structural and functional changes, leading to neurodegenerative alterations. Furthermore, noise exposure can interrupt auditory processing neural pathways or impair inhibitory functions, thus hindering children's ability to map sound to meaning in neural processes. For elderly people, age-related shrinkage of brain regions such as the PFC, as well as deficiencies in hormone, neurotransmitter, and nutrient levels, weakens their ability to cope with noise. Currently, it is feasible to propose and apply coping strategies to improve the nonauditory effects of noise exposure on special populations based on the plasticity of the human brain.
Topics: Humans; Noise; Child; Brain; Aged; Neuronal Plasticity; Environmental Exposure; Prefrontal Cortex; Mental Disorders
PubMed: 38904804
DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_78_23 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jun 2024This is a case report of a 70-year-old woman with possible cholestyramine-induced bowel perforation. She had a prior history of pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic...
This is a case report of a 70-year-old woman with possible cholestyramine-induced bowel perforation. She had a prior history of pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic cancer with a daily intake of cholestyramine. She underwent emergency laparotomy for small bowel perforation twice. Subsequent pathology reports showed crystal depositions in the small bowel wall. Leasions spread out on the small bowel and the omentum during the second surgery were thought to be carcinomatosis. However, the pathology report showed no malignant cells but plenty of crystal depositions as seen with cholestyramine intake.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Female; Intestinal Perforation; Cholestyramine Resin; Intestine, Small; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Anticholesteremic Agents; Pancreatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 38904283
DOI: 10.61409/V02240109 -
Endoscopy International Open Jun 2024
PubMed: 38904056
DOI: 10.1055/a-2327-8422 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024Magnesium (Mg), a nutritional element which is essential for bone development and mineralization, has a role in the progression of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a... (Review)
Review
Magnesium (Mg), a nutritional element which is essential for bone development and mineralization, has a role in the progression of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease characterized by significant deterioration of bone microstructure and bone loss. Mg deficiency can affect bone structure in an indirect way through the two main regulators of calcium homeostasis (parathyroid hormone and vitamin D). In human osteoblasts (OBs), parathyroid hormone regulates the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) to affect osteoclast (OC) formation. In addition, Mg may also affect the vitamin D3 -mediated bone remodeling activity. vitamin D3 usually coordinates the activation of the OB and OC. The unbalanced activation OC leads to bone resorption. The RANK/RANKL/OPG axis is considered to be a key factor in the molecular mechanism of osteoporosis. Mg participates in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis by affecting the regulation of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D levels to affect the RANK/RANKL/OPG axis. Different factors affecting the axis and enhancing OC function led to bone loss and bone tissue microstructure damage, which leads to the occurrence of osteoporosis. Clinical research has shown that Mg supplementation can alleviate the symptoms of osteoporosis to some extent.
Topics: Humans; Osteoporosis; Magnesium; Animals; Parathyroid Hormone; RANK Ligand; Osteoblasts; Bone Remodeling; Vitamin D; Magnesium Deficiency; Osteoclasts; Osteoprotegerin
PubMed: 38904051
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1406248 -
International Journal of Biological... 2024Osteoarthritis (OA) is a challenging degenerative joint disease to manage. Previous research has indicated that cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) may hold potential for OA...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a challenging degenerative joint disease to manage. Previous research has indicated that cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) may hold potential for OA treatment. This study investigated the role of Annexin A5 (AnxA5) within CEFFE in regulating macrophage polarization and protecting chondrocytes. experiments demonstrated that AnxA5 effectively inhibited M1 macrophage polarization by facilitating toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 internalization and lysosomal degradation through calcium-dependent endocytosis. This process decreased TLR4 expression, suppressed pro-inflammatory mediator release, and reduced the production of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, AnxA5 displayed protective effects against chondrocyte necrosis and apoptosis. studies revealed that intra-articular administration of AnxA5 ameliorated pain symptoms in a monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis rat model. Histological analyses indicated a decrease in synovial inflammation and mitigation of cartilage damage following AnxA5 treatment. These results underscored the potential of AnxA5 as a therapeutic option for OA due to its capacity to regulate macrophage polarization and maintain chondrocyte viability. Further investigation into the specific mechanisms and clinical applications of AnxA5 may help improve the management of OA.
Topics: Animals; Osteoarthritis; Rats; Macrophages; Annexin A5; Chondrocytes; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Male; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Mice; RAW 264.7 Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; Apoptosis
PubMed: 38904008
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.92802