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Journal of Sports Science & Medicine Jun 2024People with overweight or obesity preferred high-intensity interval training (HIIT) due to the time-efficiency and pleasure. However, HIIT leads to delayed onset muscle... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
People with overweight or obesity preferred high-intensity interval training (HIIT) due to the time-efficiency and pleasure. However, HIIT leads to delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 supplementation on DOMS, muscle damage, and acute inflammatory markers induced by cycling HIIT in untrained males with overweight or obesity. A randomized, double-blinded study was used in the present study. Twenty-four males with a sedentary lifestyle were randomly assigned to either receive omega-3 (O3) (4 g fish oil) or placebo (Con). Subjects consumed the capsules for 4 weeks and performed cycling HIIT at the 4 week. After 4 weeks-intervention, the omega-3 index of O3 group increased by 52.51% compared to the baseline. All subjects performed HIIT at 4 week. The plasma creatine kinase (CK) level of Con group increased throughout 48h after HIIT. While the CK level of O3 group increased only immediately and 24h after HIIT and decreased at 48h after HIIT. The white blood cell count (WBC) of Con group increased immediately after the HIIT, while O3 group did not show such increase. There was no change of CRP in both groups. O3 group had a higher reduction of calf pain score compared to Con group. O3 group also showed a recovery of leg strength faster than Con group. Omega-3 supplementation for 4 weeks lower increased CK level, reduced calf pain score, and recovery leg strength, DOMS markers after cycling HIIT.
Topics: Humans; Male; Myalgia; High-Intensity Interval Training; Double-Blind Method; Dietary Supplements; Creatine Kinase; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Overweight; Obesity; Young Adult; C-Reactive Protein; Bicycling; Adult; Leukocyte Count; Muscle, Skeletal; Biomarkers; Sedentary Behavior
PubMed: 38841630
DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2024.317 -
International Journal of Biological... Jun 2024Depression is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent pleasure loss and behavioral despair. However, the potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets for...
Depression is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent pleasure loss and behavioral despair. However, the potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets for depression treatment remain unclear. Therefore, identifying the underlying pathogenesis of depression would promote the development of novel treatment and provide effective targets for antidepressant drugs. In this study, proteomics analysis showed that the expression level of phosphatase and actin regulator 4 (Phactr4) was significantly increased in the CA1 hippocampus of depressed rats. The upregulated Phactr4 might induce dysfunction of the synaptic structure via suppressing the p-LIMK/p-Cofilin signaling pathway, and promote neuroinflammation via activating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, which ultimately contributes to the pathogenesis of depression. In contrast, the downregulation of Phactr4 in hippocampal CA1 of depressed rats alleviated depression-like behaviors, along with reducing neuroinflammation and improving synaptic plasticity. In conclusion, these findings provide evidence that Phactr4 plays an important role in regulating neuroinflammatory response and impairment of synaptic plasticity, effects seem to involve in the pathogenesis of depression, and Phactr4 may serve as a potential target for antidepressant treatment.
PubMed: 38838879
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132854 -
IScience Jun 2024Music and social interactions represent two of the most important sources of pleasure in our lives, both engaging the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. However, there is...
Music and social interactions represent two of the most important sources of pleasure in our lives, both engaging the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. However, there is limited understanding regarding whether and how sharing a musical activity in a social context influences and modifies individuals' rewarding experiences. Here, we aimed at (1) modulating the pleasure derived from music under different social scenarios and (2) further investigating its impact on reward-related prosocial behavior and memory. Across three online experiments, we simulated a socially shared music listening and found that participants' music reward was significantly modulated by the social context, with higher reported pleasure for greater levels of social sharing. Furthermore, the increased pleasure reported by the participants positively influenced prosocial behavior and memory outcomes, highlighting the facilitating role of socially boosted reward. These findings provide evidence about the rewarding nature of socially driven music experiences, with important potential implications in educational and clinical settings.
PubMed: 38832017
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109964 -
Heliyon Jun 2024The aim of the study is to create and validate a model of the relationship between specialization in leisure activities, the individual's adaptation to the environment...
UNLABELLED
The aim of the study is to create and validate a model of the relationship between specialization in leisure activities, the individual's adaptation to the environment and the heart flow experience. In order to clarify the role of the individual's adaptation to the environment in the relationship between specialization in leisure activities and the heart flow experience. The study utilized purposive sampling, cluster sampling, and random sampling. Using questionnaires and interviews to survey 525 cycling enthusiasts. Descriptive analysis, model construction and testing of the constructed path relationships were conducted using SPSS 20.0 and Amos 20.0. The results indicate that the model of the relationship between recovery specialization, individual-environment fit and heart flow experience has a good overall fit. The model shows good reliability and validity. Cyclists' recreational specialization has a statistically significant effect on individual-environment fit ( = 0.38, < 0.001). The fit between individual and environment has a statistically significant influence on the heart flow experience ( = 0.39, < 0.001). The fit between individual and environment serves as a mediating variable between recreational specialization and the heart flow experience, with the path showing statistical significance ( = 0.15, < 0.001). Recreational specialization has a statistically significant effect on the heart flow experience ( = 0.30, < 0.001). And the overall path of the effects of recreational specialization of cyclists on the fit between individual and environment is ( = 0.45, < 0.001), with the path showing statistical significance.
CONCLUSION
The stronger the recreational specialization of cyclists and the greater the fit between individual and environment, the stronger their heart flow experience. The fit between individual and environment plays a partially mediating role.
PubMed: 38828331
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31781 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024Sexual satisfaction has been shown to have a strong association with many aspects of sexual health and wellbeing. It is further considered a robust indicator of an...
INTRODUCTION
Sexual satisfaction has been shown to have a strong association with many aspects of sexual health and wellbeing. It is further considered a robust indicator of an individual's health status and general wellbeing, revealing that a person can enjoy pleasurable and healthy sexual experiences, beyond the mere absence of sexual and reproductive health issues.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sexual satisfaction, sexual behaviors, sexual self-efficacy, and the importance personally attributed to maintaining an active and satisfying sexual life among young and middle-aged women aged 18-50.
DESIGN
A descriptive correlational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted.
METHODS
Participants ( = 1,076 women) completed self-reports on sexual self-efficacy beliefs, frequency of sexual behaviors, the importance attributed to active and healthy sexuality, and multidimensional sexual satisfaction.
RESULTS
The supported mediation model indicated that sexual self-efficacy was related to sexual satisfaction directly and indirectly through sexual behavior and a serial path through sexual behavior and the perceived importance of healthy sexuality. The total effect was significant, and the full model explained 7.3% of the global sexual satisfaction variance ( = 17.218, = 0.000), with the mediated effect accounting for 44.3%.
CONCLUSION
This study confirms a partial serial mediation model by which sexual self-efficacy significantly predicts sexual satisfaction through sexual behaviors and the importance attributed to a healthy sexuality. Due to its significant contribution, the perceived importance of sexuality should be considered when studying correlates of sexual satisfaction. These findings have interesting implications for the development of strategies aimed at sexual health promotion and sexual education among women in early and middle adulthood.
PubMed: 38827890
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1305399 -
SAGE Open Medicine 2024The study aims to investigate the patient perspective on the pathway from healthcare practitioners' presentations of their cases at a Project ECHO (Extension for...
OBJECTIVE
The study aims to investigate the patient perspective on the pathway from healthcare practitioners' presentations of their cases at a Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) tele-clinic to the management of those patients' chronic pain.
INTRODUCTION
Managing patients with chronic and complex pain constitutes a prevalent, stressful challenge in the primary care setting. Primary care physicians typically have received little training in treating such patients and, until recently, have relied heavily on opioid and other pharmaceutical therapies as part of their regimen. Project ECHO Ontario Chronic Pain and Opioid Stewardship is an interprofessional telementoring program connecting pain specialists to primary care practitioners with the aim of supporting them in managing their patients with chronic pain, although the patients concerned do not generally participate in the telementoring sessions. While a number of papers have described the benefits accruing to healthcare professionals through participating in Project ECHO, there has been little exploration concerning patients' perceptions of their care subsequent to case presentation.
METHODS
Using data from in-depth interviews with 20 patients along with their associated case presentation forms and the recommendations following the presentation, we look at the alignment of patient and practitioner views and inquire about the patient's perceptions of how Project ECHO affects them.
RESULTS
Results suggest that the impact on patients is indirect but positive: most respondents express pleasure in contributing to research around chronic pain management, though only two of them identified a direct impact on their own treatment. They also appreciated their practitioner's efforts to bring expert attention to the patient's situation.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients whose cases are presented to Project ECHO sessions experience positive emotions at being part of the process of research and quality improvement, regardless of changes in their own conditions. This study highlights the importance to patients of their practitioners' commitment to managing their chronic pain.
PubMed: 38826827
DOI: 10.1177/20503121241254941 -
Brain and Cognition Aug 2024Creativity has previously been linked with various attentional phenomena, including unfocused or broad attention. Although this has typically been interpreted through an...
Creativity has previously been linked with various attentional phenomena, including unfocused or broad attention. Although this has typically been interpreted through an executive functioning framework, such phenomena may also arise from atypical incentive salience processing. Across two studies, we examine this hypothesis both neurally and psychologically. First we examine the relationship between figural creativity and event-related potentials during an audio-visual oddball task, finding that rater creativity of drawings is associated with a diminished P300 response at midline electrodes, while abstractness and elaborateness of the drawings is associated with an altered distribution of the P300 over posterior electrodes. These findings support the notion that creativity may involve an atypical attribution of salience to prominent information. We further explore the incentive salience hypothesis by examining relationships between creativity and a psychological indicator of incentive salience captured by participants' ratings of enjoyment (liking) and their motivation to pursue (wanting) diverse real world rewards, as well as their positive spontaneous thoughts about those rewards. Here we find enhanced motivation to pursue activities as well as a reduced relationship between the overall tendency to enjoy rewards and the tendency to pursue them. Collectively, these findings indicate that creativity may be associated with atypical allocation of attentional and motivational resources to novel and rewarding information, potentially allowing more types of information access to attentional resources and motivating more diverse behaviors. We discuss the possibility that salience attribution in creatives may be less dependent on task-relevance or hedonic pleasure, and suggest that atypical salience attribution may represent a trait-like feature of creativity.
Topics: Humans; Creativity; Male; Female; Motivation; Attention; Young Adult; Electroencephalography; Adult; Event-Related Potentials, P300; Evoked Potentials; Brain; Reward; Adolescent
PubMed: 38823196
DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106178 -
Frontiers in Reproductive Health 2024Involvement in sexual activities increases during adolescence in many countries, including Cambodia. The objective of this study is to explore the perspectives and...
INTRODUCTION
Involvement in sexual activities increases during adolescence in many countries, including Cambodia. The objective of this study is to explore the perspectives and interpretations of sex held by Cambodian adolescents within the context of their social norms and culture.
METHODS
A qualitative research design was used to conduct in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 91 Cambodian adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years. Participants were recruited from rural areas, and data was collected through face-to-face interviews using semi-structured interview guides. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Four themes as perspectives of sex were identified: (1) Desire: Releasing sexual desire and stress; (2) relationship: an emotional connection and demonstration of love; (3) roles: responsibilities within a woman's marital duties; and (4) values: the value of virginity and future engagement. Cambodian adolescents' perspectives and interpretations of sex were deeply influenced by their social norms and cultural values. Men typically perceived sex through the lens of instinct and pleasure, while women often emphasized a deep sense of familial duty and held premarital sex to be morally unacceptable.
DISCUSSION
The findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving the sexual health of Cambodian adolescents should be designed with an understanding of the social norms and cultural values that shape their perspectives and interpretations of sex. Such interventions should focus on promoting safe sex practices and providing accurate and comprehensive sexual education.
PubMed: 38817631
DOI: 10.3389/frph.2024.1275941 -
BMC Women's Health May 2024Depression is a symptom characterized by sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, feelings of tiredness...
BACKGROUND
Depression is a symptom characterized by sadness, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, feelings of tiredness and poor concentration. One of the most common mental illnesses in the world and a major contributor to morbidity and mortality is depression. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of depression and the risk factors associated with it in women who had advanced pelvic organ prolapse.
METHODS
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine depression among advanced pelvic organ prolapse women at Gondar University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. All women who have advanced pelvic organ prolapse were consecutively included till it reached a total of 367 participants over four months. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain the sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics and depression status of the participants. Depression measures were obtained by using the Patient Health Questionnaire tool, which is validated in the Ethiopian local language for chronic illnesses including pelvic organ prolapse using a cut point of five and above, which is considered to indicate depression. Women who screened positive were linked to a psychiatric clinic for further evaluation and treatment. Data was entered into a computer using Epi Info version 3.5.3 and then exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regressions were fitted and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals with a P value less than 0.05 were used to identify statistically significant factors.
RESULTS
The prevalence of depression was found to be 47.1% (95% CI: 43-52%). Being rural (AOR = 4.8; CI: 1.11-16.32), having a history of divorce because of pelvic organ prolapse (AOR = 5.5; CI: 1.85-16.32) and having a history of urinary symptoms (AOR = 3.1; CI: 1.12-8.59) were found to be independently associated with depression.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of depression among women with advanced pelvic organ prolapse in this study is high as compared to other studies. Depression screening strategies should be designed for the early identification and treatment of depression among women with advanced pelvic organ prolapse.
Topics: Humans; Female; Ethiopia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Pelvic Organ Prolapse; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Depression; Risk Factors; Adult; Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38816695
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03162-4 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024Live streaming is revolutionizing the landscape of e-commerce, creating new opportunities for platforms and e-tailers to improve their performance. However, little is...
Live streaming is revolutionizing the landscape of e-commerce, creating new opportunities for platforms and e-tailers to improve their performance. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that shape consumer behavior in this burgeoning business phenomenon. This study aims to shed light on the relationships between environmental cues generated by live streaming and online impulse buying. Drawing upon the Stimulus-Organism-Response framework, a comprehensive model was formulated to explore how social cues (streamer interaction, peer interaction) and media cues (vividness, realness) impact pleasure, arousal, perceived uncertainty, and subsequently induce consumers' urge to buy impulsively. The model was tested by survey data from 403 consumers. SPSS and PLS are employed to verify the model. The findings revealed that realness and streamer interaction can reduce perceived uncertainty and foster a pleasant consumer experience, while vividness and peer interaction serve to awaken and delight consumers. Pleasure, arousal, and perceived uncertainty mediate antecedent variables' effects on urge to buy impulsively in a parallel and reverse way, and emotions exert a more powerful influence. This study enriched the research on the influence mechanisms of impulse buying driven by live streaming and provided suggestions for platforms and streamers to optimize product display and guide interaction, which is conducive to leveraging the advantages of live streaming and creating greater commercial value.
PubMed: 38813553
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1379992