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ACS Omega Sep 2023As the discharge amount of dye wastewater increases with the development of the textile printing and dyeing industries, the treatment of the dyes in the wastewater...
As the discharge amount of dye wastewater increases with the development of the textile printing and dyeing industries, the treatment of the dyes in the wastewater becomes more complex. The adsorption method is a commonly used method for treating dye wastewater. The adsorbent is the key factor affecting the adsorption performance. To develop a high-performance adsorbent, a porous carbon material prepared from potassium citrate by the calcination method was applied in the adsorption of dye-containing water in this study. The morphology and pore structure of the porous carbon materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and N adsorption/desorption isotherm. The porous carbon material with a specific surface area of 1436 m g, PC-900, was used as an adsorbent for the adsorption of methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB). The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of PC-900 for MO and MB reached 927 and 1853.6 mg g, respectively. Studies on adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model were more appropriate to describe the adsorption process of MO and MB by PC-900. In addition, the results of the mixed adsorption experiment of MO and MB dyes showed that PC-900 had selective adsorption for MB.
PubMed: 37779983
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04124 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2023Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a commonly used additive in minimally processed fish-based products. The addition of NaCl to fish products and packaging in a modified...
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a commonly used additive in minimally processed fish-based products. The addition of NaCl to fish products and packaging in a modified atmosphere is usually efficient with regard to limiting the occurrence of the aquatic environmental pathogen Given the negative effects of excess NaCl in the diet, there is a growing demand to reduce NaCl in food products with safer substituents, but the knowledge of their impact on antibiotic resistant is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and transcriptome characteristics of NT06 isolated from fish and to determine the effect of selected concentrations of alternative NaCl compounds (KCl/NaL/NaC) on the NT06 virulence phenotype and genotype. In the study, among the isolated microorganisms, NT06 showed the highest antibiotic resistance (to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, nalidixic acid, and norfloxacin) and the ability to grow at 4 °C. The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) and the Virulence Factor Database (VFDB) revealed the presence of 24 and 134 gene products assigned to AMR and VF in the NT06 transcriptome, respectively. KCl, KCl/NaL and KCl/NaL/NaC inhibited pyocyanin biosynthesis, elastase activity, and protease activity from 40 to 77%. The above virulence phenotypic observations were confirmed via RT-qPCR analyses, which showed that all tested AMR and VF genes were the most downregulated due to KCl/NaL/NaC treatment. In conclusion, this study provides insight into the potential AMR and VF among foodborne and the possible impairment of those features by KCl, NaL, and NaC, which exert synergistic effects and can be used in minimally processed fish-based products.
Topics: Animals; Virulence; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Sodium Citrate; Sodium Lactate; Potassium Chloride; Sodium Chloride; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Virulence Factors; Pseudomonas Infections
PubMed: 37764430
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186654 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Sep 2023Synthetic insecticides are the primary vector control method used globally. However, the widespread use of insecticides is a major cause of insecticide-resistance in...
Quantitative proteomics analysis of permethrin and temephos-resistant Ae. aegypti revealed diverse differentially expressed proteins associated with insecticide resistance from Penang Island, Malaysia.
Synthetic insecticides are the primary vector control method used globally. However, the widespread use of insecticides is a major cause of insecticide-resistance in mosquitoes. Hence, this study aimed at elucidating permethrin and temephos-resistant protein expression profiles in Ae. aegypti using quantitative proteomics. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti from Penang Island dengue hotspot and non-hotspot against 0.75% permethrin and 31.25 mg/l temephos using WHO bioassay method. Protein extracts from the mosquitoes were then analysed using LC-ESI-MS/MS for protein identification and quantification via label-free quantitative proteomics (LFQ). Next, Perseus 1.6.14.0 statistical software was used to perform differential protein expression analysis using ANOVA and Student's t-test. The t-test selected proteins with≥2.0-fold change (FC) and ≥2 unique peptides for gene expression validation via qPCR. Finally, STRING software was used for functional ontology enrichment and protein-protein interactions (PPI). The WHO bioassay showed resistance with 28% and 53% mortalities in adult mosquitoes exposed to permethrin from the hotspot and non-hotspot areas. Meanwhile, the susceptibility of Ae. aegypti larvae revealed high resistance to temephos in hotspot and non-hotspot regions with 80% and 91% mortalities. The LFQ analyses revealed 501 and 557 (q-value <0.05) differentially expressed proteins in adults and larvae Ae. aegypti. The t-test showed 114 upregulated and 74 downregulated proteins in adult resistant versus laboratory strains exposed to permethrin. Meanwhile, 13 upregulated and 105 downregulated proteins were observed in larvae resistant versus laboratory strains exposed to temephos. The t-test revealed the upregulation of sodium/potassium-dependent ATPase β2 in adult permethrin resistant strain, H15 domain-containing protein, 60S ribosomal protein, and PB protein in larvae temephos resistant strain. The downregulation of troponin I, enolase phosphatase E1, glucosidase 2β was observed in adult permethrin resistant strain and tubulin β chain in larvae temephos resistant strain. Furthermore, the gene expression by qPCR revealed similar gene expression patterns in the above eight differentially expressed proteins. The PPI of differentially expressed proteins showed a p-value at <1.0 x 10-16 in permethrin and temephos resistant Ae. aegypti. Significantly enriched pathways in differentially expressed proteins revealed metabolic pathways, oxidative phosphorylation, carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, glycolysis, and citrate cycle. In conclusion, this study has shown differentially expressed proteins and highlighted upregulated and downregulated proteins associated with insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti. The validated differentially expressed proteins merit further investigation as a potential protein marker to monitor and predict insecticide resistance in field Ae. aegypti. The LC-MS/MS data were submitted into the MASSIVE database with identifier no: MSV000089259.
Topics: Animals; Permethrin; Insecticides; Temefos; Insecticide Resistance; Malaysia; Chromatography, Liquid; Proteomics; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Aedes; Mosquito Vectors; Larva
PubMed: 37721966
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011604 -
Urology Case Reports Sep 2023Dent's disease is a rare cause of hypercalciuria and recurring urolithiasis. Patients with this disease have elevated bone resorption due to the presence of parathormone...
Dent's disease is a rare cause of hypercalciuria and recurring urolithiasis. Patients with this disease have elevated bone resorption due to the presence of parathormone (PTH) in the urine. We describe the case of a 21-year-old male with hypercalciuria, elevated bone resorption and recurring bilateral urolithiasis that achieves radiological and clinical stability with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and medical treatment with hydrochlorothiazide, potassium-citrate and phytate.
PubMed: 37719189
DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102484 -
Journal of Translational Medicine Sep 2023Owing to the heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease (AD), its pathogenic mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. Evidence suggests an important role of metabolism in...
BACKGROUND
Owing to the heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease (AD), its pathogenic mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. Evidence suggests an important role of metabolism in the pathophysiology of AD. Herein, we identified the metabolism-related AD subtypes and feature genes.
METHODS
The AD datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the metabolism-relevant genes were downloaded from a previously published compilation. Consensus clustering was performed to identify the AD subclasses. The clinical characteristics, correlations with metabolic signatures, and immune infiltration of the AD subclasses were evaluated. Feature genes were screened using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and processed via Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. Furthermore, three machine-learning algorithms were used to narrow down the selection of the feature genes. Finally, we identified the diagnostic value and expression of the feature genes using the AD dataset and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis.
RESULTS
Three AD subclasses were identified, namely Metabolism Correlated (MC) A (MCA), MCB, and MCC subclasses. MCA contained signatures associated with high AD progression and may represent a high-risk subclass compared with the other two subclasses. MCA exhibited a high expression of genes related to glycolysis, fructose, and galactose metabolism, whereas genes associated with the citrate cycle and pyruvate metabolism were downregulated and associated with high immune infiltration. Conversely, MCB was associated with citrate cycle genes and exhibited elevated expression of immune checkpoint genes. Using WGCNA, 101 metabolic genes were identified to exhibit the strongest association with poor AD progression. Finally, the application of machine-learning algorithms enabled us to successfully identify eight feature genes, which were employed to develop a nomogram model that could bring distinct clinical benefits for patients with AD. As indicated by the AD datasets and qRT-PCR analysis, these genes were intimately associated with AD progression.
CONCLUSION
Metabolic dysfunction is associated with AD. Hypothetical molecular subclasses of AD based on metabolic genes may provide new insights for developing individualized therapy for AD. The feature genes highly correlated with AD progression included GFAP, CYB5R3, DARS, KIAA0513, EZR, KCNC1, COLEC12, and TST.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Algorithms; Citrates; Citric Acid; Cluster Analysis; Shaw Potassium Channels; Nerve Tissue Proteins
PubMed: 37715200
DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04324-y -
Current Urology Mar 2023Dietary supplementation with citrate-containing juices may serve as an effective alternative to potassium citrate therapy for preventing calcium oxalate stone...
BACKGROUND
Dietary supplementation with citrate-containing juices may serve as an effective alternative to potassium citrate therapy for preventing calcium oxalate stone recurrence. This study was performed to evaluate whether consumption of lemon-tomato juice can decrease the tendency for stone formation in the urine of calcium oxalate stone formers.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted as a prospective interventional randomized crossover clinical trial with a repeated-measures design. Twenty-two patients with calcium oxalate stones and no metabolic abnormalities in the urine treated with lithotripsy at a tertiary care center from August 2017 to July 2018 were recruited. After a 14-hour overnight fasting, urine samples were collected after the patients consumed either milk only or milk and lemon-tomato juice. Their urine was tested for multiple parameters, including urine pH, specific gravity, calcium-creatinine ratio, and supersaturation with sodium oxalate, followed by optical density measurement via spectrophotometry.
RESULTS
There were no significant differences in the background characteristics between the 2 groups. The optical density of the urine samples obtained after consumption of milk only was significantly higher than that after consumption of milk and lemon-tomato juice (mean = 0.131 for milk only vs. 0.053 for milk and lemon-tomato juice, < 0.001). The urine calcium-creatinine ratio was similar between the groups (mean = 0.141 for milk only vs. 0.076 for milk and lemon-tomato juice, = 0.019).
CONCLUSIONS
The addition of lemon-tomato juice as a source of citrate in the diet significantly decreases the established risk factors for calcium oxalate stone formation in patients. This study was prospectively registered at CTRI under number CTRI/2017/04/008312 on April 7, 2017.
PubMed: 37692132
DOI: 10.1097/CU9.0000000000000178 -
Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 2023With the increase in antibiotic resistance, the success rate of () eradication therapy has declined in recent years. Vonoprazan-amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy has been...
BACKGROUND
With the increase in antibiotic resistance, the success rate of () eradication therapy has declined in recent years. Vonoprazan-amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy has been reported to be a promising regimen.
OBJECTIVES
To compare the efficacy and safety of VA dual therapy and bismuth quadruple therapy containing amoxicillin and clarithromycin for first-line eradication, and to further analyze the effects of clarithromycin resistance on eradication rate.
DESIGN
This study was a single-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial.
METHODS
Treatment-naïve -infected patients were randomly allocated 1:1 to the VA group (vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily and amoxicillin 750 mg four times daily, for 14 days) or the RBAC group (rabeprazole 10 mg, bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg and clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily, for 14 days). clarithromycin resistance and CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The eradication rates and adverse events were analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 151 patients were enrolled. The intention-to-treat (ITT), modified intention-to-treat (mITT), and per-protocol (PP) eradication rates and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were 94.6% (86.0-98.3%), 98.6% (91.3-99.9%), and 98.5% (90.9-99.9%) for VA group and 87.0% (77.0-93.3%), 91.8% (82.3-96.6%), and 93% (83.7-97.4%) for RBAC group. The eradication rate of the VA group was noninferior to the RBAC group in ITT, mITT, and PP analyses ( < 0.0001). In patients infected with strains of clarithromycin resistance point mutation, the eradication rate of the RBAC group decreased to lower than 90%, but the difference from the VA group did not achieve statistical significance (ITT eradication rate: 81.5% in the RBAC group and 96.2% in the VA group, = 0.192). The incidence of adverse events in the VA group was 39.2%, which was significantly lower than that in the RBAC group (79.2%, = 0.000).
CONCLUSION
The efficacy of VA dual therapy is noninferior to RBAC in first-line eradication, with fewer adverse reactions.
REGISTRATION
This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100052550) on 30 October 2021.
PubMed: 37664169
DOI: 10.1177/17562848231190976 -
BMC Urology Aug 2023To assess the routine serum and 24-hour urine tests proficiency in diagnosing the baseline metabolic abnormality of kidney stone formers.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the routine serum and 24-hour urine tests proficiency in diagnosing the baseline metabolic abnormality of kidney stone formers.
METHODS
This study analyzes the routine serum and 24-hour urine tests proficiency in diagnosing the baseline metabolic abnormality of kidney stone formers. The sensitivity and specificity, false positive, and negative results of the tests are extracted from diagnostic kits used in the laboratories of the target community. To accurately infer the results, a simulation based on 1000 people was used through 22 standard laboratory tests (Additional File 2), including calcium, oxalate, phosphate, uric acid, sulfate, potassium, sodium, citrate, and magnesium in 24-hour urine; and calcium, creatinine, Vit D, uric acid, and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) in serum. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated and compared for each diagnostic test versus other diagnostic tests according to the incremental cost required for correct diagnoses of stone causes.
RESULTS
Urinary uric acid, citrate, and serum potassium constitute the cost-effectiveness boundary curve in this study. This means that other diagnostic tests are not cost-effective compared to these three tests in terms of indexing at least one item of cost and effectiveness. The ICER index for each correct diagnosis with the urinary uric acid test was $ 1.25 per diagnosis, the most cost-effective test compared to serum potassium and urinary citrate.
CONCLUSION
The simplified blood and 24-hour urine metabolic evaluation, including urinary uric acid, citrate, and serum potassium, constitute the cost-effectiveness boundary curve. The most cost-effective test was urinary uric acid measurement.
Topics: Humans; Calcium; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Uric Acid; Kidney Calculi; Citrates; Citric Acid
PubMed: 37635222
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01310-w -
International Braz J Urol : Official... 2023We aim to publish our innovative modified biplanar 0-90 endoscopic guided puncture technique for percutaneous nephrolithotomy in supine recorded with a GoPro® camera...
Modified biplanar (0-90°) endoscopic-guided puncture technique for percutaneous nephrolithtomy: refinement with endoscopic combined intrarrenal surgery to reduce fluoroscopy and operative time.
INTRODUCTION
We aim to publish our innovative modified biplanar 0-90 endoscopic guided puncture technique for percutaneous nephrolithotomy in supine recorded with a GoPro® camera for standardization of the technique. It solves drawbacks of the fluoroscopic technique, i.e., in kidneys with complex anatomy, it may be challenging to distinguish calyces as they are often superposed, and it does not allow for all benefits of a combined endoscopic approach (1, 2). Our technique shortens puncture and fluoroscopic time and is easy to teach and reproduce.
METHODS
A 77-year-old female patient had previous double J insertion due to an obstructing stone in the right distal ureter. She managed to pass the distal stone but remained with the double J and a 20mm stone (1300HU) in the right renal pelvis. The shared decision was for the actual standard of care (3, 4) endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS). The MiniECIRS started with flexible ureteroscopy and a posterior calix which gave direct access to the stone was chosen. The tip of the flexible scope was used to mark point A with the C-arm in the 0-degree position and line B in the 90-degree position. Puncture was fast and the MiniECIRS was uneventful with a single mid-pole access guided by the flexible scope. The surgeon had a Full-HD GoPro® camera mounted on his head, controlled by the surgical staff. All essential surgical steps were recorded.
RESULTS
The quality of the recorded movie was graded as excellent, and the camera did not cause any discomfort to the surgeon. Operative and X-Ray time were 120minutes and 2minutes (7.64mGy). Hemoglobin drop was 0.8g/dL. The post-operative day-1 computed tomography scan was stone-free. The patient was discharged 24h after surgery. Kidney stent was left with a string and removed after 5days. The patient remained asymptomatic and metabolic evaluation revealed a calcium oxalate stone, low urinary volume and hypocitraturia which were treated with potassium citrate and hydration.
CONCLUSION
The Modified Biplanar (0-90 degree) Endoscopic-Guided Puncture Technique for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy joins the reproducibility of the same technique under fluoroscopy with advantages regarding safety and efficiency of ECIRS.
Topics: Female; Humans; Aged; Ureteroscopy; Operative Time; Reproducibility of Results; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Punctures; Fluoroscopy
PubMed: 37624662
DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2023.0346 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2023Uroliths are concretions formed in the urinary tract. These can be problematic in humans and companion animals such as cats. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and...
INTRODUCTION
Uroliths are concretions formed in the urinary tract. These can be problematic in humans and companion animals such as cats. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and calcium oxalate (CaOx) are the most common forms of uroliths. The relative supersaturation (RSS) is a relative risk index of crystal formation. Here, an updated program for calculating RSS, EQUIL-HL21, was used to detect differences in RSS values when cats were fed foods formulated for urinary and non-urinary conditions. In addition, the contributions of urinary analytes to RSS values were examined via regression analyses.
METHODS
Historical data from feeding trials including foods indicated for use in urinary or non-urinary conditions were analyzed for nutrient composition and urinary parameters. RSS was calculated by EQUIL-HL21. The relationship between RSS values calculated by EQUIL-HL21 and urinary analytes was examined by regression models, which were selected by R and stepwise methods.
RESULTS
Cats that consumed urinary foods had significantly greater levels of urinary sodium and chloride compared with those that consumed non-urinary foods, consistent with the greater amounts of sodium and chloride in the urinary foods. Those that consumed non-urinary foods had higher urine pH, ammonium, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, oxalate, citrate, and sulfate. Struvite RSS value and number of urinary crystals were significantly lower in cats fed the urinary foods. Mean CaOx RSS values were similar in both foods, though the number of CaOx crystals were significantly higher in cats that consumed non-urinary foods. A model predicting the natural log of struvite RSS values indicated that these values would increase with increasing urine pH, ammonium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, and would decrease with increasing urine citrate and sulfate. CaOx RSS was predicted to increase as urinary chloride, calcium, and oxalates increased, and would decrease as urine pH, sodium, phosphorus, citrate, and sulfate increased.
DISCUSSION
These analyses demonstrate that the EQUIL-HL21 program can accurately detect expected differences between foods formulated for urinary and non-urinary indications. Regression models showed the eight urinary analytes that, respectively, contribute to the predicted RSS values for struvite and CaOx.
PubMed: 37601750
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1167840