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American Society of Clinical Oncology... Jun 2024Addressing the challenges of survivorship necessitates a comprehensive, patient-centered approach, focusing on mitigating risk through lifestyle modification,... (Review)
Review
Addressing the challenges of survivorship necessitates a comprehensive, patient-centered approach, focusing on mitigating risk through lifestyle modification, identifying distant recurrence, and optimization of breast imaging. This article will discuss the current and emerging clinical strategies for the survivorship period, advocating a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approach. In this manner, early-stage breast cancer survivors are empowered to navigate their journey with enhanced knowledge, facilitating a transition to life beyond cancer.
Topics: Humans; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Survivorship; Cancer Survivors; Neoplasm Staging; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Evidence-Based Medicine
PubMed: 38815189
DOI: 10.1200/EDBK_432564 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024Peer relationships play an indispensable role in the social, emotional, and cognitive development of children. However, children exhibiting social withdrawal, such as...
Peer relationships play an indispensable role in the social, emotional, and cognitive development of children. However, children exhibiting social withdrawal, such as unsociability, may face challenges in social adjustment. In collectivistic cultures like China, unsociability may be perceived negatively, aligning poorly with collective norms. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the associations between unsociability, receptive vocabulary, and indicators of social adjustment in a cohort of young migrant children residing in urban regions of mainland China. The study mainly aimed to investigate the potential moderating influence of receptive language on these associations. The study involved 148 young children (82 boys, 66 girls, = 62.32 months, = 6.76) enrolled in preschools or kindergartens in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Multiple sources of assessment were utilized, encompassing evaluations from mothers (about child unsociability), teacher (assessing social adjustment), and standardized tests (measuring receptive vocabulary). The results indicated that the relations between unsociability and peer exclusion were more positive among children with lower levels of receptive vocabulary but not significant for children with higher levels of receptive vocabulary. Similarly, the relations between unsociability and peer exclusion were more negative among children with lower levels of receptive vocabulary but not significant for children with higher levels of receptive vocabulary. Thus, this study informs us about how receptive vocabulary is jointly associated with unsociable children's development. As well, the findings highlight the importance of considering the meaning and implication of unsociability in Chinese culture.
PubMed: 38813559
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1259975 -
BMC Psychology May 2024With the increase in the prevalence rate and improvements in the survival of breast cancer patients, there is a growing interest in understanding the level of...
OBJECTIVE
With the increase in the prevalence rate and improvements in the survival of breast cancer patients, there is a growing interest in understanding the level of psychosocial adjustment in these patients. The study aimed to describe the illness perception and psychosocial adjustment levels of both breast cancer patients and their spouses, to use the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) to clarify the actor-partner relationships between spouses, and to explore the impact of illness perception on psychosocial adjustment to the disease within the joint actions of both spouses.
METHODS
A total of 216 female patients with breast cancer and their spouses participated in the study. They were selected from two tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province, China from October 2022 to May 2023 using a convenience sampling method. The participants were assessed using the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale to examine the relationship between illness perception and psychosocial adjustment. AMOS24.0 was used to test and analyze the actor-partner interdependence model.
RESULTS
The illness perception score (57.75 ± 10.91) was slightly higher than that of the spouse (57.10 ± 11.00), and the psychosocial adjustment score (64.67 ± 6.33) was slightly lower than that of the spouse (64.76 ± 7.49). The results of the actor-partner interdependence model indicated that there was a couple partner between breast cancer patients and their spouses: the spouse's illness perception significantly affected the patient's psychosocial adjustment (β = 0.095, p = 0.015); the patient's illness perception also significantly affected the spouse's psychosocial adjustment (β = 0.106, p = 0.033). Among them, the patient's psychosocial adjustment was found to be related to the patient's illness comprehensibility or coherence of illness (β = 0.433, p = 0.009), the spouse's emotional illness representation (β = 0.218, p = 0.037), and the spouse's illness comprehensibility or coherence of illness (β = 0.416, p = 0.007), while the spouse's psychosocial adjustment was only related to the spouse's illness comprehensibility or coherence of illness (β = 0.528, p = 0.007).
CONCLUSIONS
The psychosocial adjustment of breast cancer patients is affected by both their own and spouse's illness perception. Therefore, in the future, the healthcare staff can implement early psychological interventions for patients diagnosed with breast cancer and their spouses as a unit to promote the psychosocial adjustment of them.
Topics: Humans; Female; Spouses; Breast Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Adult; Adaptation, Psychological; China; Male; Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires; Models, Psychological
PubMed: 38812062
DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01741-6 -
Scientific Reports May 2024Timing it right framework was used as a framework to explore the illness experiences of patients infected with COVID-19 and to analyze the patients' perceptions of the...
Timing it right framework was used as a framework to explore the illness experiences of patients infected with COVID-19 and to analyze the patients' perceptions of the disease and their true inner feelings to provide a reference for the control of infectious diseases. This research adopted a phenomenological research approach to develop a longitudinal qualitative study. A purposive sampling method was used to select participants and 37 patients were recruited. Depending on the principle that participants should have maximum variation and sampling should cease when interviews content saturation is achieved, 16 COVID-19 patients in an isolation ward in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province were finally included. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and the content of the interviews was analyzed by Colaizzi's 7-step method. The themes of COVID-19 patients' experiences at various phase were presented as follows: multiple emotions intertwined at the time of diagnosis (anxiety, stressful panic, facing the diagnosis calmly), multiple pressures during the hospitalization period (concerns about the disease, unable to adapt to the ward environment, worrying about future hardship), growth of positive illness experience during the isolation and observation period (sublimated outlook on life, affirmation of the government's anti-epidemic policy, more concerned about their own health), adjustment after returning to society (stigma, loss of previous living environment, problems caused by nucleic acid testing), and adaptation to social life (return to normal life, avoidance of illness experience, post-covid-19 syndrome). The illness experience of COVID-19 patients changed dynamically with time, but a sense of shame and uncertainty about recovery was present throughout the process. Interventions should be developed according to the needs of the patients at different times to inform subsequent optimization of care and management of infectious diseases.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Female; Male; Longitudinal Studies; Middle Aged; Adult; Qualitative Research; SARS-CoV-2; Anxiety; Aged; China; Emotions; Stress, Psychological; Hospitalization; Adaptation, Psychological
PubMed: 38811669
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63215-4 -
Yonsei Medical Journal Jun 2024Exercise has long been recognized as an important component of treatment for various diseases. However, the benefits and risks of exercise interventions must be... (Review)
Review
Exercise has long been recognized as an important component of treatment for various diseases. However, the benefits and risks of exercise interventions must be carefully evaluated to ensure the former outweighs the latter. As cancer patients undergo diverse treatment modalities with distinct objectives, a systematic approach partitioning the cancer journey into distinct phases is necessary to inform tailored exercise prescriptions. This narrative review summarizes exercise benefits and mechanisms for cancer patients and survivors across four distinct survivorship periods-before surgery, after surgery and before adjuvant treatment, during nonsurgical treatment (adjuvant and neoadjuvant), and during extended survival. In summary, exercise reduces the risks of complications and declines in physical functioning while improving fatigue, quality of life, and the ability to manage treatment effects. Although additional research is warranted, existing evidence is sufficient to integrate exercise into clinical oncology practice and cancer survivorship programs.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasms; Quality of Life; Cancer Survivors; Exercise; Survivorship; Exercise Therapy; Fatigue
PubMed: 38804025
DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2023.0638 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Ulnar dimelia, also known as "mirror hand disorder", is a rare developmental disorder affecting the upper limb. Primarily, it involves the duplication of fingers, carpal...
Ulnar dimelia, also known as "mirror hand disorder", is a rare developmental disorder affecting the upper limb. Primarily, it involves the duplication of fingers, carpal bones, metacarpals, or ulna along the sagittal axis, and is often accompanied by the absence of the radius or thumb. The anomaly presents challenges in both bone and soft tissue development, impacting limb functionality and affecting a child's quality of life. We present the case of a one-year-old girl with unilateral ulnar dimelia. Surgical intervention was considered to address functional and aesthetic concerns. The surgery involved creating an opposable thumb from preaxial fingers through a carefully tailored approach. Post surgical therapy included physiotherapy and psychotherapy to ensure both physical functionality and psychological adjustment. The surgical procedure successfully provided an adequate grip pattern, and the patient demonstrated age-appropriate use of the modified hand at the six-month follow-up. Comparison with similar cases highlights the diversity in ulnar dimelia presentations and the need for customised surgical solutions. The timing of surgery is typically recommended between one and two years, considering both anatomical readiness and the advantages of cerebral plasticity in young patients.
PubMed: 38792609
DOI: 10.3390/life14050588 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024This study explores the associations between gifted children's stress management and parental stress level. A sample of 78 primary school children and their 76 parents...
This study explores the associations between gifted children's stress management and parental stress level. A sample of 78 primary school children and their 76 parents took part in this study. Children were screened for intelligence and emotional quotients, while parents were tested for stress levels. Results show that the more children are aware of their stress-management skills, the less parents are stressed out. Moreover, the intelligence quotient is not significant in mediating this association, supporting the idea that it is not an a priori protective factor from a developmental perspective. The study findings suggest that when a child is equipped with the skills to handle stress by harnessing their emotional intelligence, it can have a beneficial effect on the entire family's well-being. Given that these skills can be developed, and the significant positive influence they have on a child's growth and adaptation, it is essential to offer specialized educational programs to gifted children. These programs should aim to enhance their emotional skills, which, in turn, can indirectly bolster the psychological health of the family unit as a whole.
PubMed: 38790533
DOI: 10.3390/children11050538 -
BMC Medical Education May 2024The problems of students' social interaction and psychological well-being associated with online learning dependent on self-directed learning have become an important...
BACKGROUND
The problems of students' social interaction and psychological well-being associated with online learning dependent on self-directed learning have become an important topic of research in recent years worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting their Social Emotional Learning. This paper aimed to compare the students' loneliness, social anxiety, social interaction, and general psychological well-being at different stages of online learning (at the beginning and the height of the pandemic), considering their criteria (presence/absence of a job and own family).
METHODS
For this, the researchers conducted an electronic survey of students (n = 320) twice, in February and May 2020, using four questionnaires: UCLA loneliness scale-3, Social Anxiety Scale for E-Learning Environments, Social Interaction Scale, and Brief Adjustment Scale. The responses at different stages of online learning were compared using Student's t-test. Differences between employed and unemployed students with or without their own families were determined using the analysis of variance (ANOVA).
RESULTS
The findings showed that unemployed students without their families suffered the most from loneliness. Social interaction online was rated higher by students with their own families; psychological well-being at the beginning of the distance period and social anxiety at the height of the distance period were higher among unemployed students.
CONCLUSIONS
This research can become a theoretical basis for a phase-by-phase study of social predictors for the psychological well-being of higher education students and is of practical value for teachers and administrators of online learning aimed at students' socialization. In addition, it provides education officials with information about how students perceive psychological well-being, anxiety, social interaction, and loneliness during distance learning, which can help officials direct their decisions and reforms to improve interaction in the online environment.
Topics: Humans; Education, Distance; COVID-19; Loneliness; Male; Female; Socialization; Mental Health; Young Adult; Students; Social Interaction; Surveys and Questionnaires; Adult; Communication; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Anxiety; Universities
PubMed: 38789971
DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05551-7 -
BMC Psychology May 2024Illness cognition is an important mediator between psychological and behavioral adjustment and the quality of life for patients and their caregivers. Evidence related to...
PURPOSE
Illness cognition is an important mediator between psychological and behavioral adjustment and the quality of life for patients and their caregivers. Evidence related to illness cognition among parents of children with leukemia is limited. The purpose of this study is to explore the illness cognition status and associated factors in parents of children with leukemia.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with the parents of 335 children with leukemia from three general children's hospitals in China from January to December 2022. A parents' version of the illness cognition questionnaire was used to collect data. This included three subscales: helplessness, acceptance, and perceived benefits.
RESULTS
The mean scores of helplessness, acceptance and perceived benefits of parents regarding their children's disease were 15.56 (4.60), 16.25 (4.41), and 19.96 (3.69) respectively. The multiple regression model indicated seven factors associated with the parents' illness cognition (adjusted R [2] ranged from 0.182 to 0.134): four socio-demographic factors (parent's age, role, education level, and family income) and three clinical factors (length of time spent each day caring for the child, the child's age at diagnosis, and the duration of the disease).
CONCLUSION
This study reports on different levels of illness cognition and associated factors among parents of children with leukemia. The results may help pediatric oncology medical staff identify risk factors for poor psychological adjustment to children's diseases. Parents may benefit from psychological support aimed at improving positive illness cognition.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Parents; Cross-Sectional Studies; Child; Leukemia; Adult; Cognition; China; Child, Preschool; Adolescent; Quality of Life; Middle Aged; Caregivers; Surveys and Questionnaires; Socioeconomic Factors; Adaptation, Psychological
PubMed: 38783376
DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01798-3 -
SAGE Open Nursing 2024Nurses are required to fulfill many roles, including expertise, communication, and leadership and are psychologically vulnerable due to lack of manpower, emotional...
INTRODUCTION
Nurses are required to fulfill many roles, including expertise, communication, and leadership and are psychologically vulnerable due to lack of manpower, emotional labor, and shift work. Among them, it is necessary to understand the psychological well-being of new nurses and junior nurses who have a high early resignation rate.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate psychological well-being of nurses and compare psychological well-being of nurses from the first to the fifth years of clinical experience.
METHODS
Cross-sectional comparative design and purposive sampling method were used. Data were collected from 148 nurses with one to five years of experience working in tertiary care general hospitals. On November 11, 2021, an online link for the structured questionnaire was sent to the group social networking service accounts for nurses. Psychological well-being was assessed using a Korean version of the Scales of Psychological Well-being including autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance.
RESULTS
The average psychological well-being of nurses was 194.11, with significant differences depending on years of clinical experience ( = .006, = 3.82) and satisfaction with nursing ( < .001, = 13.12). It was lowest at 180.08 in the first year, gradually improving, but falling again from the fourth year. Among five subfactors except positive relations with others ( = .389), psychological well-being was related to clinical experiences years using satisfaction with nursing and religion as covariates.
CONCLUSIONS
This study that compared psychological well-being from the first to the fifth year according to clinical experience revealed the need for optimized intervention for each year. Nursing managers can improve the psychological well-being of nurses through active and appropriate intervention according to the passage of nursing experience.
PubMed: 38779615
DOI: 10.1177/23779608241255300