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Health Science Reports Feb 2024The protection for ultra-long UVA1 is lacked in the market, posing potential damage from ultra-long UVA1 irradiation. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a...
Evaluation of the efficacy of a sunscreen containing ultra-long UVA1 and other UVR broad-spectrum filters on skin barrier protection and melanin content reduction in Chinese adults: A single-center study.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The protection for ultra-long UVA1 is lacked in the market, posing potential damage from ultra-long UVA1 irradiation. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a sunscreen containing multiple components, especially Mexoryl® 400 for improving skin barrier function and reducing melanin content.
METHODS
This single-center study included adults with sensitive and normal skin in China in November 2022. Participants received the test sunscreen for 4 weeks. Melanin and hemoglobin content, sebum secretion skin hydration, and trans-epidermal water loss were evaluated at T0d, T7d, and T28d. The self-assessment was done at T15min, T7d, and T28d.
RESULTS
Sixty participants were included, including 30 self-claimed sensitive skin in the sunscreen group. The sunscreen demonstrated significant improvements in skin parameters. Skin redness reduced by 9.84% at T28d, sebum content in the forehead area decreased by 22.70% at T28d, and skin stratum corneum hydration increased by 38.44% at T28d, < 0.001 respectively. Most notably, skin melanin content significantly reduced by 13.49% after 4 weeks' usage ( < 0.001). No adverse reactions were reported in either group.
CONCLUSIONS
The study sunscreen improved the skin condition by decreasing the melanin content, regulating skin barrier function, and achieving a balance of skin hydration and sebum secretion.
PubMed: 38405170
DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1923 -
Microorganisms Jan 2024At Canadian Blood Services, despite the use of 2% chlorhexidine and 70% isopropyl alcohol (standard disinfectant, SD) prior to venipuncture, evades eradication and is a...
At Canadian Blood Services, despite the use of 2% chlorhexidine and 70% isopropyl alcohol (standard disinfectant, SD) prior to venipuncture, evades eradication and is a major contaminant of platelet concentrates (PCs). Since forms bacterial aggregates known as biofilms in the sebaceous niches of the skin, this study aimed to assess whether sebum-like components impact disinfectant efficacy against leading to its dominance as a PC contaminant. mono-species and dual-species biofilms (s and a transfusion-relevant isolate) were formed in the presence and absence of sebum-like components and exposed to SD, a hypochlorous acid-based disinfectant (Clinisept+, CP), or a combination of both disinfectants to assess disinfectant efficacy. Our data indicate that sebum-like components significantly reduce the disinfectant efficacy of all disinfectant strategies tested against in both biofilm models. Furthermore, though none of the disinfectants led to bacterial eradication, the susceptibility of to disinfectants was heightened in an isolate-dependent manner when grown in the presence of . The reduction of skin disinfection efficacy in the presence of sebum may contribute to the overrepresentation of as a PC contaminant and highlights the need for improved disinfection strategies.
PubMed: 38399675
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020271 -
Biomedicines Jan 2024Cannabis is a plant that is cultivated worldwide, and its use is internationally regulated, but some countries have been regulating its medicinal, social, and industrial...
Cannabis is a plant that is cultivated worldwide, and its use is internationally regulated, but some countries have been regulating its medicinal, social, and industrial uses. This plant must have arrived in Peru during the Spanish conquest and remains widely cultivated illicitly or informally to this day. However, new regulations are currently being proposed to allow its legal commercialization for medicinal purposes. Cannabis contains specific metabolites known as cannabinoids, some of which have clinically demonstrated therapeutic effects. It is now possible to quantitatively measure the presence of these cannabinoids in dried inflorescences, thus allowing for description of the chemical profile or "chemotype" of cannabinoids in each sample. This study analyzed the chemotypes of eight samples of dried inflorescences from cannabis cultivars in four different regions of Peru, and based on the significant variation in the cannabinoid profiles, we suggest their therapeutic potential. The most important medical areas in which they could be used include the following: they can help manage chronic pain, they have antiemetic, anti-inflammatory, and antipruritic properties, are beneficial in treating duodenal ulcers, can be used in bronchodilators, in muscle relaxants, and in treating refractory epilepsy, have anxiolytic properties, reduce sebum, are effective on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, are proapoptotic in breast cancer, can be used to treat addiction and psychosis, and are effective on MRSA, in controlling psoriasis, and in treating glioblastoma, according to the properties of their concentrations of cannabidiol, cannabigerol, and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, as reviewed in the literature. On the other hand, having obtained concentrations of THC, we were able to suggest the psychotropic capacity of said samples, one of which even fits within the legal category of "non-psychoactive cannabis" according to Peruvian regulations.
PubMed: 38397908
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020306 -
Medicine Feb 2024Oily skin and acne vulgaris are prevalent dermatological conditions with a significant impact on both physical and emotional well-being. Despite numerous available... (Review)
Review
Oily skin and acne vulgaris are prevalent dermatological conditions with a significant impact on both physical and emotional well-being. Despite numerous available treatments, there is a pressing need for effective, long-term solutions. Botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT-A) has emerged as a potential therapeutic option. However, existing reviews in this area are often limited. This review aims to comprehensively assess the use of BoNT-A in managing oily skin and acne vulgaris while addressing gaps in previous publications. It integrates the latest research, clinical trials, and case studies to provide an up-to-date analysis of BoNT-A mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes. The review systematically analyzes existing evidence, critically evaluates study strengths and limitations, and explores potential synergies with other treatments. It also examines the safety profile of BoNT-A and its potential long-term effects. This review uncovers promising insights into how BoNT-A affects oily skin and acne vulgaris, including its ability to regulate sebum production, reduce inflammation, and potentially shrink pore size. It provides a comprehensive overview of relevant studies and clinical trials, detailing their methodologies, protocols, measures, and results. Collectively, these studies show significant reductions in sebum production, increased patient satisfaction, and smaller pores following BoNT-A treatment. In conclusion, this review addresses knowledge gaps and provides a comprehensive analysis of BoNT-A as a therapeutic option for oily skin and acne vulgaris. By consolidating evidence and highlighting areas for further investigation, it guides clinicians and researchers toward more effective, personalized treatments for individuals with these dermatological challenges.
Topics: Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38394550
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037208 -
Cureus Jan 2024A suitable portion of the total population still suffers through acne vulgaris, a widespread dermatological illness that mostly affects teens and young adults. Although... (Review)
Review
A suitable portion of the total population still suffers through acne vulgaris, a widespread dermatological illness that mostly affects teens and young adults. Although acne is typically considered to be a cosmetic problem, recent research has concluded that certainly it has a significant role on impacting many physiological aspects of human health. This thorough investigation attempts to examine the intricate effects of acne on human physiology, taking into consideration both systemic and local effects. The study synthesizes research from a number of scientific disciplines, including dermatology, endocrinology, immunology, and psychoneuroimmunology. It investigates the complex interrelationships between several factors, such as sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, hormone imbalance, and colonisation, that lead to the development of acne. The study also sheds information on the intricate physiological mechanisms, oxidative stress, and immune response that contribute to the aetiology of acne. Along with it, the review investigates the relationship between endocrine problems and acne, emphasizing hormonal anomalies and their possible role in acne severity. The psychological effects of acne are also discussed, including the psychological problems, concerns with self-esteem, and decreased quality of life that acne sufferers encounter. On comprehensively examining the diverse physiological aspects affected by acne, this review provides a foundation for future research endeavours and informs the development of targeted therapeutic interventions. Ultimately, the integration of multidisciplinary approaches will enable healthcare professionals to address the physiological complexities of acne and improve the overall well-being of individuals affected by this common skin condition.
PubMed: 38384651
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52727 -
AMB Express Feb 2024Evidence of fungal coexistence in humans points towards fungal adaptation to the host environment, like the skin. The human commensal Malassezia has evolved, especially...
Evidence of fungal coexistence in humans points towards fungal adaptation to the host environment, like the skin. The human commensal Malassezia has evolved, especially residing in sebum-rich areas of the mammalian body where it can get the necessary nutrition for its survival. This fungus is primarily responsible for skin diseases like Pityriasis versicolor (PV), characterized by hypo or hyperpigmented skin discoloration and erythematous macules. In this manuscript, we report a 19-year-old healthy female who presented with a one-year history of reddish, hypopigmented, asymptomatic lesions over the chest and a raised erythematous lesion over the face. Upon clinical observation, the patient displayed multiple erythematous macules and erythematous papules over the bilateral malar area of the face, along with multiple hypopigmented scaly macules present on the chest and back. Based on the above clinical findings, a diagnosis of PV and Acne vulgaris (AV) was made. Interestingly, the patient was immunocompetent and didn't have any comorbidities. Upon isolation of skin scrapings and post-culturing, we found the existence of three fungal genera in the same region of the patient's body. We further went on to confirm the identity of the particular species and found it to represent Malassezia, Rhodotorula, and Candida. We report how Malassezia, the predominant microbial resident skin fungus, coexists with other fungal members of the skin mycobiome. This study on an applied aspect of microbiology also shows how important it is to identify the fungal organism associated with skin infections so that appropriate therapeutics can be advised to avoid cases of relapse.
PubMed: 38376644
DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01674-8 -
Frontiers in Aging 2023During adulthood, the skin microbiota can be relatively stable if environmental conditions are also stable, yet physiological changes of the skin with age may affect...
During adulthood, the skin microbiota can be relatively stable if environmental conditions are also stable, yet physiological changes of the skin with age may affect the skin microbiome and its function. The microbiome is an important factor to consider in aging since it constitutes most of the genes that are expressed on the human body. However, severity of specific aging signs (one of the parameters used to measure "apparent" age) and skin surface quality (e.g., texture, hydration, pH, sebum, etc.) may not be indicative of chronological age. For example, older individuals can have young looking skin (young apparent age) and young individuals can be of older apparent age. Here we aim to identify microbial taxa of interest associated to skin quality/aging signs using a multi-study analysis of 13 microbiome datasets consisting of 16S rRNA amplicon sequence data and paired skin clinical data from the face. We show that there is a negative relationship between microbiome diversity and transepidermal water loss, and a positive association between microbiome diversity and age. Aligned with a tight link between age and wrinkles, we report a global positive association between microbiome diversity and Crow's feet wrinkles, but with this relationship varying significantly by sub-study. Finally, we identify taxa potentially associated with wrinkles, TEWL and corneometer measures. These findings represent a key step towards understanding the implication of the skin microbiota in skin aging signs.
PubMed: 38362046
DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1304705 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Feb 2024Seborrhea poses a common cosmetic concern in adolescents and young adults, often accompanied by enlarged pores, and contributing to various skin conditions, including... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Seborrhea poses a common cosmetic concern in adolescents and young adults, often accompanied by enlarged pores, and contributing to various skin conditions, including acne vulgaris and seborrheic dermatitis. At present, there is a lack of effective treatment for this problem, and the potential of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in reducing sebum remains inconclusive.
OBJECTIVE
This exploratory, prospective, single-center, double-blinded, randomized split-face controlled trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light-photodynamic therapy (IPL-PDT) versus IPL therapy for seborrhea.
METHODS
Participants with seborrhea underwent 3 times of IPL treatment (590 nm, 15-17 J/cm based on patient's tolerance) for one hemifacial part and IPL-PDT treatment for the other. Follow-up assessment was conducted up to 8 weeks after the final treatment.
RESULTS
Compared with single IPL treatment, IPL-PDT can significantly inhibit sebum secretion and decrease pore size. PDT group exhibited no additional damage to the skin barrier, with even lower transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Additionally, the PDT group showed superior improvement in scores of porphyrins, red areas, and ultraviolet (UV) spots. Both groups experienced only mild topical adverse effects, well tolerated by the participants.
CONCLUSION
IPL-PDT is a more effective method than IPL in the treatment of seborrhea, as well as on the improvement of the skin barrier function.
Topics: Adolescent; Young Adult; Humans; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Prospective Studies; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Acne Vulgaris
PubMed: 38316341
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.103973 -
Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii Dec 2023Concerns are growing in the aviation industry about occupational skin diseases like malignant melanoma (MM) among airline pilots (APs), due to the unique working...
INTRODUCTION
Concerns are growing in the aviation industry about occupational skin diseases like malignant melanoma (MM) among airline pilots (APs), due to the unique working environment that exposes them to various skin stressors.
AIM
To compare five skin biophysical parameters in a group of 40 male APs, each matched in terms of age and service tenure (minimum of 5 years) with a control group of 40 male office workers (OWs). Considering the potential role of dermokine (DMKN) in skin barrier dysfunction and the pathogenesis of MM, we further analyzed the serum levels of this molecule and correlated them with the measured skin parameters.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Stratum corneum skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), sebum content, erythema index (EI), and melanin index (MI) were quantified by non-invasive instruments in the cheek region. Serum DMKN levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit.
RESULTS
Compared with OWs, the skin of APs exhibited a decrease in hydration levels in the stratum corneum, coinciding with a higher TEWL. However, there was no significant variance in sebum content between the groups. MI was notably higher in APs than in OWs, as was EI. In APs, serum DMKN levels were independently associated with MI (β = 0.56, < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
We found a significant link between the profession of an airline pilot and changes in skin biophysical parameters. Further research into the interplay between serum DMKN levels and the risk of MM in APs is warranted.
PubMed: 38282882
DOI: 10.5114/ada.2023.132262 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jan 2024Metabolic preconditioning, characterized by conditions like obesity and insulin resistance syndrome, disrupts hormonal balance. Elevated androgen levels stimulate...
Metabolic preconditioning, characterized by conditions like obesity and insulin resistance syndrome, disrupts hormonal balance. Elevated androgen levels stimulate excessive sebum production and follicular cell proliferation, leading to acne lesions. Similarly, thyroid hormone imbalances affect sebaceous gland activity, epidermal lipid composition, and skin cell turnover, impacting acne occurrence and severity. This study aimed to assess the potential contribution of metabolic and endocrine preconditions to acne development. A total of 389 patients diagnosed with acne were included and divided into three groups: the metabolic precondition group (MPG, N = 163, 41.9%), the endocrine precondition group (EPG, N = 162, 41.65%), and the control group (CG, N = 89, 22.88%). Data related to the degree of acne severity and comorbidities of interest were collected from the patients' medical records. In the groups with concomitant diseases, moderate and severe acne were significantly more prevalent (56.44% and 41.10% in MPG, and 35.80% and 61.11% in EPG) compared to the control group (5.61% and 4.89%). The most prevalent preconditions observed were insulin resistance syndrome in MPG (63.8%) and autoimmune thyroiditis in EPG (95.06%). Significant age-related differences in acne severity were found across all study groups ( < 0.05). In MPG, the age variable was significantly higher in the presence of mild acne, while in EPG, the age variable was significantly lower for the mild acne group. A positive association was observed between the severity of acne and insulin resistance syndrome, obesity, autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism ( < 0.05). Risk analysis indicated a significantly higher risk (RR > 1, 95% CI RR > 1, < 0.001) of developing moderate and severe acne in the presence of these preconditions. The presence of both metabolic and endocrine preconditions significantly increased the likelihood of developing severe acne, leading to the hypothesis that both conditions may be contributing factors to the development of acne.
Topics: Humans; Insulin Resistance; Thyroid Diseases; Metabolic Syndrome; Acne Vulgaris; Hashimoto Disease; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune; Risk Assessment; Obesity
PubMed: 38255795
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020721