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Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2024Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory, pruritic, noncontagious, chronic relapsing skin disease. Skin barrier abnormalities, excessive T helper 2 activity, and immune...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory, pruritic, noncontagious, chronic relapsing skin disease. Skin barrier abnormalities, excessive T helper 2 activity, and immune dysregulation are held responsible. Androgens have a negative effect on the integrity of the epidermal skin barrier, while estrogen has a positive effect. We aimed to investigate whether hormones make a difference between healthy children and children with AD during minipuberty.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 96 infants (postnatal 4-13 weeks), 48 diagnosed with AD and 48 controls, were included. Each group consisted of 23 girls (47.9%) and 25 boys (52.1%). Anthropometric examinations and hormone measurements were compared.
RESULTS
The two groups, having similar age, sex, body mass index, and weight-for-length standard deviation scores, were compared. Serum free thyroxine (FT4) levels were found to be lower and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) levels were found to be higher in children with AD (p < 0.001 and p = 0.038, respectively). In girls with AD, estradiol, FT4, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels were found to be lower, but thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were found to be higher (p = 0.023, p < 0.001, p = 0.038, and p = 0.034, respectively). In boys with AD, the FT4 level was found to be lower (p = 0.023). Serum FT4 and TSH levels were within normal reference ranges in all comparisons.
CONCLUSION
Especially in girls with AD, decreased estradiol and IGF-1 levels were observed compared to the controls during minipuberty. In the logistic regression model, decreased levels of serum estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, FT4, and IGF-1, and increased levels of IGFBP3 were associated with an increased likelihood of exhibiting atopic dermatitis.
Topics: Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Female; Male; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; Infant; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Case-Control Studies; Estradiol; Thyroxine; Puberty; Thyrotropin
PubMed: 38812645
DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5795 -
Clinical and Translational Science May 2024Sleep deprivation is a prevalent problem in critically ill patients, which leads to delayed recovery and delirium. Slow-wave sleep (SWS) is essential to energy... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Sleep deprivation is a prevalent problem in critically ill patients, which leads to delayed recovery and delirium. Slow-wave sleep (SWS) is essential to energy restoration, tissue repair, and immune system strengthening. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gabapentin on SWS in critically ill patients. We performed a prospective open-label randomized controlled study to compare SWS and the clinical outcomes of gabapentin versus a control intervention in critically ill adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) within 24 h. The patients' characteristics and sleep-related outcomes were recorded. The sleep-related outcomes, namely, bispectral analysis (BIS), the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire (RCSQ), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels, were evaluated. Furthermore, clinical outcomes and safety were assessed. Sixty patients from 348 cases were eligible for randomization. On day 3 of the study, patients in the gabapentin group had significantly increased SWS (66.79 vs. 0.00 min; p < 0.001), total sleep time (TST) (331.39 vs. 46.16 min; p = 0.001), RCSQ score (55.05 ± 20.18 vs. 32.80 ± 15.31; p < 0.001), and IGF-1 concentrations (84.33 ± 12.40 vs. 44.00 ± 10.20 ng/mL, p < 0.001) compared with the control group. Improvements in clinical outcomes, such as delirium, ICU-free days, and mechanical ventilator-free days, were observed; however, these differences did not reach statistically significant. Gabapentin at bedtime increased SWS, TST, and IGF-1 concentrations in critically ill patients. This regimen might be beneficial to critically ill patients for improving their sleep quality.
Topics: Humans; Gabapentin; Critical Illness; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Aged; Prospective Studies; Sleep, Slow-Wave; Adult; Intensive Care Units; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Sleep Deprivation; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38803031
DOI: 10.1111/cts.13815 -
Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS May 2024Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) regeneration underlies hematopoietic recovery from myelosuppression, which is a life-threatening side effect of cytotoxicity. HSC niche is...
BACKGROUND
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) regeneration underlies hematopoietic recovery from myelosuppression, which is a life-threatening side effect of cytotoxicity. HSC niche is profoundly disrupted after myelosuppressive injury, while if and how the niche is reshaped and regulates HSC regeneration are poorly understood.
METHODS
A mouse model of radiation injury-induced myelosuppression was built by exposing mice to a sublethal dose of ionizing radiation. The dynamic changes in the number, distribution and functionality of HSCs and megakaryocytes were determined by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, colony assay and bone marrow transplantation, in combination with transcriptomic analysis. The communication between HSCs and megakaryocytes was determined using a coculture system and adoptive transfer. The signaling mechanism was investigated both in vivo and in vitro, and was consolidated using megakaryocyte-specific knockout mice and transgenic mice.
RESULTS
Megakaryocytes become a predominant component of HSC niche and localize closer to HSCs after radiation injury. Meanwhile, transient insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) hypersecretion is predominantly provoked in megakaryocytes after radiation injury, whereas HSCs regenerate paralleling megakaryocytic IGF1 hypersecretion. Mechanistically, HSCs are particularly susceptible to megakaryocytic IGF1 hypersecretion, and mTOR downstream of IGF1 signaling not only promotes activation including proliferation and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism of HSCs, but also inhibits ferritinophagy to restrict HSC ferroptosis. Consequently, the delicate coordination between proliferation, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and ferroptosis ensures functional HSC expansion after radiation injury. Importantly, punctual IGF1 administration simultaneously promotes HSC regeneration and hematopoietic recovery after radiation injury, representing a superior therapeutic approach for myelosuppression.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study identifies megakaryocytes as a last line of defense against myelosuppressive injury and megakaryocytic IGF1 as a novel niche signal safeguarding HSC regeneration.
Topics: Animals; Hematopoietic Stem Cells; Megakaryocytes; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Ferroptosis; Mice; Regeneration; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Radiation Injuries; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 38802843
DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01651-5 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024The coordinated action of VEGF, IGF1/2 and H19 factors influences the development of endometriosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression level of these...
The coordinated action of VEGF, IGF1/2 and H19 factors influences the development of endometriosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression level of these genes in patients with endometriosis. The study group consisted of 100 patients who were diagnosed with endometriosis on laparoscopic and pathological examination. The control group consisted of 100 patients who were found to be free of endometriosis during the surgical procedure and whose eutopic endometrium wasnormal on histopathological examination. These patients were operated on for uterine fibroids. Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR. The expression of the gene was significantly higher in the samples classified as clinical stage 1-2 compared to the control material ( < 0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference between the samples studied at clinical stages 1-2 and 3-4 ( < 0.01). The expression of the gene in the group classified as 1-2 was significantly higher. gene expression was significantly lower both in the group of samples classified as clinical stages 1-2 and 3-4 compared to the control group ( < 0.05 in both cases). The expression of the gene was significantly lower in the group of samples classified as clinical stage 3-4 compared to the control group ( < 0.01). The reported studies suggest significant roles of , and expression in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
Topics: Humans; Female; Endometriosis; RNA, Long Noncoding; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; Adult; Poland; Middle Aged; Gene Expression Regulation; Case-Control Studies
PubMed: 38791310
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105271 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been found to have the characteristics of their parent cells. Based on the characteristics of these EVs, various studies on disease...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been found to have the characteristics of their parent cells. Based on the characteristics of these EVs, various studies on disease treatment using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived EVs with regenerative activity have been actively conducted. The therapeutic nature of MSC-derived EVs has been shown in several studies, but in recent years, there have been many efforts to functionalize EVs to give them more potent therapeutic effects. Strategies for functionalizing EVs include endogenous and exogenous methods. In this study, human umbilical cord MSC (UCMSC)-derived EVs were selected for optimum OA treatments with expectation via bioinformatics analysis based on antibody array. And we created a novel nanovesicle system called the IGF-si-EV, which has the properties of both cartilage regeneration and long-term retention in the lesion site, attaching positively charged insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to the surface of the UCMSC-derived Evs carrying siRNA, which inhibits MMP13. The downregulation of inflammation-related cytokine (MMP13, NF-kB, and IL-6) and the upregulation of cartilage-regeneration-related factors (Col2, Acan) were achieved with IGF-si-EV. Moreover, the ability of IGF-si-EV to remain in the lesion site for a long time has been proven through an ex vivo system. Collectively, the final constructed IGF-si-EV can be proposed as an effective OA treatment through its successful MMP13 inhibition, chondroprotective effect, and cartilage adhesion ability. We also believe that this EV-based nanoparticle-manufacturing technology can be applied as a platform technology for various diseases.
Topics: Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Extracellular Vesicles; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Osteoarthritis; RNA, Small Interfering; Animals; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13
PubMed: 38791285
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105242 -
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2024To explore the relationship between Growth Hormone Insulin-like Growth Factors (GH-IGFs) and growth retardation in children with bronchial asthma.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship between Growth Hormone Insulin-like Growth Factors (GH-IGFs) and growth retardation in children with bronchial asthma.
METHODS
112 children with bronchial asthma and 50 healthy children were studied. Serum GH, IGF-1, and Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (IGFBP3) were assessed by ELISA. GH-IGFs-related parameters were compared, and the correlation between the parameters and bronchial asthma severity was analyzed. The bronchial asthma group was divided into the growth retardation group and non-growth retardation group to analyze the diagnostic value of GH-IGFs in growth retardation and the relationship between GH-IGFs and growth retardation.
RESULTS
GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP3 in the bronchial asthma group were lower. GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP3 levels were decreased with the severity of bronchial asthma. GH, IGF-1, and IGFBP3 in the growth retardation group were lower than those in the non-growth retardation group. The AUC of GH-IGFs combined detection was higher than that of GH and IGFBP3 alone detection. GH < 9.27 μg/L and IGF-1 < 179.53 mmoL/L were risk factors for growth retardation in patients with bronchial asthma.
CONCLUSION
GH-IGFs-related parameters have diagnostic value for growth retardation in children, and decreased levels of GH and IGF-1 are risk factors for growth retardation in children.
Topics: Humans; Asthma; Male; Female; Child; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Growth Disorders; Human Growth Hormone; Case-Control Studies; Child, Preschool; Severity of Illness Index; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Reference Values; Statistics, Nonparametric; Adolescent
PubMed: 38754227
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100385 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024We present the evolution of GHD in adolescent males with persistent growth failure, in whom the diagnosis was established after a second GH stimulation test (GST).
INTRODUCTION
We present the evolution of GHD in adolescent males with persistent growth failure, in whom the diagnosis was established after a second GH stimulation test (GST).
METHODS
We performed a retrospective chart review of children who presented for short stature (height less < 2SD for mean/mid-parental height) and/or growth failure (sustained growth velocity < 0 SD) to pediatric endocrinology at Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital, New York and who had 2 GSTs. Data collected from electronic medical records were analyzed using SPSS v28.0.
RESULTS
Of 53 patients included, 42 were males. Average GH peak on initial GST was 15.48 ± 4.92 ng/ml, at 10.07 ± 2.65 years, mean height -1.68 ± 0.56SD(28% had <2SD), IGF-1 -1.00 ± 0.88SD. After 2.23 ± 1.22 years, at 12.04 ± 2.41years, height SDs decreased to -1.82 ± 0.63SD and IGF-1 was -1.08 ± 0.84SD. At repeat GST, average GH peak was 7.59 ± 2.12 ng/dL, with 36% ≤7 ng/dl and 32% in puberty. 12 males reached adult height of 0.08 ± 0.69 SD with a mean height gain of 1.83 ± 0.56SD(p<0.005), IGF-1 of -1.15 ± 0.81SD after 4.64 ± 1.4 years of GH.
CONCLUSION
We offer evidence for Evolving Growth Hormone Deficiency (EGHD) through repeat GST in children with persistent growth slowdown, even with pubertal progression; emphasizing the need for careful longitudinal follow-up to make accurate diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Male; Human Growth Hormone; Adolescent; Retrospective Studies; Child; Growth Disorders; Female; Body Height; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Proof of Concept Study; Dwarfism, Pituitary
PubMed: 38752175
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1398171 -
International Journal of Epidemiology Apr 2024Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-most-common cancer worldwide and its rates are increasing. Elevated body mass index (BMI) is an established risk factor for CRC,...
BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-most-common cancer worldwide and its rates are increasing. Elevated body mass index (BMI) is an established risk factor for CRC, although the molecular mechanisms behind this association remain unclear. Using the Mendelian randomization (MR) framework, we aimed to investigate the mediating effects of putative biomarkers and other CRC risk factors in the association between BMI and CRC.
METHODS
We selected as mediators biomarkers of established cancer-related mechanisms and other CRC risk factors for which a plausible association with obesity exists, such as inflammatory biomarkers, glucose homeostasis traits, lipids, adipokines, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), sex hormones, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, smoking, physical activity (PA) and alcohol consumption. We used inverse-variance weighted MR in the main univariable analyses and performed sensitivity analyses (weighted-median, MR-Egger, Contamination Mixture). We used multivariable MR for the mediation analyses.
RESULTS
Genetically predicted BMI was positively associated with CRC risk [odds ratio per SD (5 kg/m2) = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08-1.24, P-value = 1.4 × 10-5] and robustly associated with nearly all potential mediators. Genetically predicted IGF1, fasting insulin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, PA and alcohol were associated with CRC risk. Evidence for attenuation was found for IGF1 [explained 7% (95% CI: 2-13%) of the association], smoking (31%, 4-57%) and PA (7%, 2-11%). There was little evidence for pleiotropy, although smoking was bidirectionally associated with BMI and instruments were weak for PA.
CONCLUSIONS
The effect of BMI on CRC risk is possibly partly mediated through plasma IGF1, whereas the attenuation of the BMI-CRC association by smoking and PA may reflect confounding and shared underlying mechanisms rather than mediation.
Topics: Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Body Mass Index; Risk Factors; Obesity; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Alcohol Drinking
PubMed: 38725300
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae067 -
BMC Endocrine Disorders May 2024This study aimed to assess the anthropometric measures and pubertal growth of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to detect risk...
Insulin-like growth factor 1 and sex hormones for assessment of anthropometric and pubertal growth of Egyptian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (single center study).
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to assess the anthropometric measures and pubertal growth of children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to detect risk determinants affecting these measures and their link to glycemic control.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Two hundred children and adolescents were assessed using anthropometric measurements. Those with short stature were further evaluated using insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), bone age, and thyroid profile, while those with delayed puberty were evaluated using sex hormones and pituitary gonadotropins assay.
RESULTS
We found that 12.5% of our patients were short (height SDS < -2) and IGF-1 was less than -2 SD in 72% of them. Patients with short stature had earlier age of onset of diabetes, longer duration of diabetes, higher HbA1C and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio compared to those with normal stature (p < 0.05). Additionally, patients with delayed puberty had higher HbA1c and dyslipidemia compared to those with normal puberty (p < 0.05). The regression analysis revealed that factors associated with short stature were; age at diagnosis, HbA1C > 8.2, and albumin/creatinine ratio > 8 (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Children with uncontrolled T1DM are at risk of short stature and delayed puberty. Diabetes duration and control seem to be independent risk factors for short stature.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Child; Adolescent; Female; Male; Egypt; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Puberty; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Anthropometry; Biomarkers; Growth Disorders; Body Height; Puberty, Delayed; Prognosis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Follow-Up Studies; Insulin-Like Peptides
PubMed: 38724932
DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01596-3 -
Experimental Gerontology Jul 2024Limited research exists regarding the effects of resistance exercise (RE) combined with whole body vibration (WBV), blood flow restriction (BFR), or both on the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Limited research exists regarding the effects of resistance exercise (RE) combined with whole body vibration (WBV), blood flow restriction (BFR), or both on the neuropsychological performance of working memory (WM) in late-middle-aged and older adults and regarding the physiological mechanisms underlying this effect. This study thus explored the acute molecular and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying WM performance following RE combined with WBV, BFR, or both. Sixty-six participants were randomly assigned into a WBV, BFR, or WBV + BFR group. Before and after the participants engaged in a single bout of isometric RE combined with WBV, BFR, or both, this study gathered data on several neurocognitive measures of WM performance, namely, accuracy rate (AR), reaction time (RT), and brain event-related potential (specifically P3 latency and amplitude), and data on biochemical indices, such as the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), norepinephrine (NE), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Although none of the RE modalities significantly affected RTs and P3 latencies, ARs and P3 amplitudes significantly improved in the WBV and WBV + BFR groups. The WBV + BFR group exhibited greater improvements than the WBV group did. Following acute RE combined with WBV, BFR, or both, IGF-1 and NE levels significantly increased in all groups, whereas BDNF levels did not change. Crucially, only the changes in NE levels were significantly correlated with improvements in ARs in the WBV + BFR and WBV groups. The findings suggest that combining acute RE with WBV, BFR, or both could distinctively mitigate neurocognitive decline in late-middle-aged and older adults.
Topics: Humans; Resistance Training; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Vibration; Aged; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Memory, Short-Term; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Reaction Time; Cognition; Norepinephrine; Regional Blood Flow; Brain
PubMed: 38710456
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112450