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Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2023Neuropathic pain (NP) is a type of chronic pain usually caused by damage to the somatosensory system. Bioactive antioxidant compounds, such as curcumin and ginger, are...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a type of chronic pain usually caused by damage to the somatosensory system. Bioactive antioxidant compounds, such as curcumin and ginger, are widely preferred in the treatment of NP. However, the ingredient-based mechanism that underlies their pain-relieving activity remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of trans-[6]-Shogaol and [6]-Gingerol active ingredients of the Roscoe extract on the spinal cord and cortex in the neuroinflammatory pathway in rats with experimental sciatic nerve injury.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Forty-six volatile phenolic components were identified in ginger samples using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Thirty 3-month-old male 250-300 g Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups as (i) sham, (ii) chronic constriction injury (CCI), and (iii) CCI+ginger. NP was induced using the CCI model. A ginger extract treatment enriched with trans-[6]-shogaol and [6]-gingerol active ingredients was administered by gavage at 200 mg/kg/day for 7 days. On the 14th day of the experiment, locomotor activity was evaluated in open field and hyperalgesia in tail flick tests.
RESULTS
In behavioural experiments, a significant decrease was observed in the CCI group compared to the sham group, while a significant increase was observed in the CCI+ginger group compared to the CCI group (p < 0.05). In the spinal cord and cortex tissues, there was a significant increase in the TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18 neuroinflammation results of the CCI group compared to the sham group, while there was a significant decrease in the CCI+ginger group compared to the CCI group.
CONCLUSION
In this study, ginger treatment was shown to have a therapeutic effect on neuroinflammation against sciatic nerve damage.
Topics: Animals; Fatty Alcohols; Catechols; Neuralgia; Rats; Male; Rats, Wistar; Zingiber officinale; Disease Models, Animal; Cytokines; Plant Extracts; Sciatic Nerve; Spinal Cord
PubMed: 38813490
DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5728 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2024Dysphagia is a common complication in patients with cervical spinal cord injury (C-SCI) and can cause various pulmonary complications, such as aspiration pneumonia and...
INTRODUCTION
Dysphagia is a common complication in patients with cervical spinal cord injury (C-SCI) and can cause various pulmonary complications, such as aspiration pneumonia and mechanical airway obstruction increasing mortality and morbidity. This study evaluated the clinical factors that predict dysphagia in patients with traumatic and non-traumatic C-SCI.
METHODS
Ninety-eight patients with C-SCI were retrospectively enrolled in this study and were divided into those with and without dysphagia. Clinical factors such as age, sex, tracheostomy, spinal cord independence measure, pulmonary function test (PFT) including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FVC/FEV1, American Spinal Cord Injury Association score, Berg Balance Scale, and surgical approach were investigated retrospectively.
RESULTS
Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that FVC and the presence of tracheostomy were significantly correlated with dysphagia in patients with C-SCI ( < 0.05). FVC and the presence of tracheostomy are useful tools for detecting dysphagia in patients with C-SCI.
CONCLUSION
Considering the results of our study, early PFTs, especially FVC, in patients with C-SCI and early initiation of dysphagia management and treatment in patients with C-SCI and tracheostomy will be advantageous in lowering the mortality and morbidity due to pulmonary aspiration in these patients.
PubMed: 38813244
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1376171 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024
PubMed: 38813111
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1421115 -
Frontiers in Neuroscience 2024Traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) continue to be a major healthcare concern, with a rising prevalence worldwide. In response to this growing medical challenge,... (Review)
Review
Traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) continue to be a major healthcare concern, with a rising prevalence worldwide. In response to this growing medical challenge, considerable scientific attention has been devoted to developing neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies aimed at improving the prognosis and quality of life for individuals with SCIs. This comprehensive review aims to provide an up-to-date and thorough overview of the latest neuroregenerative and neuroprotective therapies currently under investigation. These strategies encompass a multifaceted approach that include neuropharmacological interventions, cell-based therapies, and other promising strategies such as biomaterial scaffolds and neuro-modulation therapies. In addition, the review discusses the importance of acute clinical management, including the role of hemodynamic management as well as timing and technical aspects of surgery as key factors mitigating the secondary injury following SCI. In conclusion, this review underscores the ongoing scientific efforts to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life, focusing on upcoming strategies for the management of traumatic SCI. Each section provides a working knowledge of the fundamental preclinical and patient trials relevant to clinicians while underscoring the pathophysiologic rationale for the therapies.
PubMed: 38812974
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1372920 -
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 2024This is the case of a 33-year-old male with traumatic paraplegic lumbar spinal cord injury after knife assault, who was unable to participate in an intensive inpatient...
This is the case of a 33-year-old male with traumatic paraplegic lumbar spinal cord injury after knife assault, who was unable to participate in an intensive inpatient rehabilitation course due to bilateral lower limb spasticity. For therapeutic management of spasticity at the bedside in the inpatient rehabilitation setting, we performed an epidural steroid injection to the right L4-L5 interspace. After the intervention, a significant decrease in spasticity was noted. The patient could subsequently tolerate sit-to-stand transfers with a standing frame and ambulate with the an exoskeleton device in inpatient physical therapy, significantly improving his overall functional level in therapies. This case demonstrates that bedside epidural steroid injection can dramatically improve paraplegic spasticity secondary to lumbar spinal cord injury in the inpatient rehabilitation setting.
PubMed: 38812829
DOI: 10.1177/2050313X241258188 -
Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases and... Aug 2024Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is a standard approach for the surgical management of patients with severe degenerative disease at the L4-L5 and lumbosacral...
Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is a standard approach for the surgical management of patients with severe degenerative disease at the L4-L5 and lumbosacral (L5-S1) levels. ALIF is performed through retroperitoneal exposure but harbors a small risk of major vascular injury. In this case, we describe an emergent endovascular repair of an external iliac vein injury that occurred during ALIF with long-term follow-up. We discuss specific strategies in the decision making and technique that led to a successful outcome in this case. Endovascular stent grafting is a potential bailout option for serious iliac vein injury.
PubMed: 38812729
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2024.101506 -
Skeletal Muscle May 2024Intramuscular fat (IMAT) infiltration, pathological adipose tissue that accumulates between muscle fibers, is a shared hallmark in a diverse set of diseases including... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Intramuscular fat (IMAT) infiltration, pathological adipose tissue that accumulates between muscle fibers, is a shared hallmark in a diverse set of diseases including muscular dystrophies and diabetes, spinal cord and rotator cuff injuries, as well as sarcopenia. While the mouse has been an invaluable preclinical model to study skeletal muscle diseases, they are also resistant to IMAT formation. To better understand this pathological feature, an adequate pre-clinical model that recapitulates human disease is necessary. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive in-depth comparison between three widely used mouse strains: C57BL/6J, 129S1/SvlmJ and CD1. We evaluated the impact of strain, sex and injury type on IMAT formation, myofiber regeneration and fibrosis. We confirm and extend previous findings that a Glycerol (GLY) injury causes significantly more IMAT and fibrosis compared to Cardiotoxin (CTX). Additionally, females form more IMAT than males after a GLY injury, independent of strain. Of all strains, C57BL/6J mice, both females and males, are the most resistant to IMAT formation. In regard to injury-induced fibrosis, we found that the 129S strain formed the least amount of scar tissue. Surprisingly, C57BL/6J of both sexes demonstrated complete myofiber regeneration, while both CD1 and 129S1/SvlmJ strains still displayed smaller myofibers 21 days post injury. In addition, our data indicate that myofiber regeneration is negatively correlated with IMAT and fibrosis. Combined, our results demonstrate that careful consideration and exploration are needed to determine which injury type, mouse model/strain and sex to utilize as preclinical model especially for modeling IMAT formation.
Topics: Animals; Male; Female; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Regeneration; Muscle, Skeletal; Mice; Adipose Tissue; Fibrosis; Disease Models, Animal; Sex Characteristics; Species Specificity; Glycerol; Mice, 129 Strain
PubMed: 38812056
DOI: 10.1186/s13395-024-00344-4 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2024A 10-year-old male Shar-Pei was referred for lethargy and proprioceptive deficits of the left thoracic limb. An magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the...
A 10-year-old male Shar-Pei was referred for lethargy and proprioceptive deficits of the left thoracic limb. An magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the cervical spinal column and the brain was performed. The MRI examination of the brain was normal. A left-sided C3-C4 intervertebral disc extrusion with spinal cord compression was diagnosed. Medical treatment was elected. Within a week after the MRI examination, the dog presented with deep partial-thickness skin burn wounds in both axillae. Since the specific absorption rate had not exceeded the safety limits during any of the scans and no other procedures or circumstances were identified that could possibly have resulted in burn injuries, the thermal burn injuries were diagnosed as radiofrequency (RF) burns. The wounds healed by secondary intent over the next month. RF burns are the most reported complication in humans undergoing MRI but have not been reported in veterinary patients. Clinicians and technicians should consider the potential risk for RF burns in veterinary patients and take precautions regarding positioning of the patient and take notice of any signs of burn injury when performing follow-up examinations.
PubMed: 38807939
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1364635 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and... May 2024The optimal treatment modality for upper lumbar disc herniation remains unclear. Herein, we compared the clinical efficacy and application value of minimally invasive... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
The optimal treatment modality for upper lumbar disc herniation remains unclear. Herein, we compared the clinical efficacy and application value of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for upper lumbar disc herniation. We aimed to provide new evidence to guide surgical decisions for treating this condition.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 81 patients with upper lumbar disc herniation admitted between January 2017 and July 2018, including 41 and 40 patients who underwent MIS-TLIF and TLIF, respectively. Demographic characteristics, preoperative functional scores, perioperative indicators, and postoperative complications were compared. We performed consecutive comparisons of visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the lumbar and leg regions, Oswestry disability index (ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores (JOA), and MacNab scores at the final follow-up, to assess clinical outcomes 5 years postoperatively.
RESULTS
VAS scores of the back and legs were significantly lower in the MIS-TLIF than the TLIF group at 3 months and 1 year postoperatively (P < 0.05). Intraoperative bleeding and postoperative hospitalization time were significantly lower, and the time to return to work/normal life was shorter in the MIS-TLIF than in the TLIF group (P < 0.05). The differences in JOA scores and ODI scores between the two groups at 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years postoperatively were statistically significant (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The early clinical efficacy of MIS-TLIF was superior to that of TLIF, but no differences were found in mid-term clinical efficacy. Further, MIS-TLIF has the advantages of fewer medical injuries, shorter hospitalization times, and faster postoperative functional recovery.
Topics: Humans; Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Spinal Fusion; Male; Female; Lumbar Vertebrae; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Adult; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Postoperative Complications; Follow-Up Studies
PubMed: 38807137
DOI: 10.1186/s13018-024-04806-9 -
Redox Biology May 2024
Corrigendum to "Inhibition of MST1 ameliorates neuronal apoptosis via GSK3β/β-TrCP/NRF2 pathway in spinal cord injury accompanied by diabetes" [Redox Biol. 71C (2024) 103104].
PubMed: 38806302
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103198