-
Microorganisms Dec 2022The 5- and 10-year implant success rates in dentistry are nearly 90%. Prevalence of peri-implant diseases is 10% for peri-implantitis and 50% for peri-implant mucositis....
The 5- and 10-year implant success rates in dentistry are nearly 90%. Prevalence of peri-implant diseases is 10% for peri-implantitis and 50% for peri-implant mucositis. To better understand these inflammatory pathologies of infectious origin, it is important to know if the composition of the peri-implant microbiota is comparable with the periodontal microbiota in healthy and pathological conditions. New generation sequencing (NGS) is a recent metagenomic method that analyzes the overall microorganisms present in an ecological niche by exploiting their genome. These methods are of two types: 16S rRNA sequencing and the shotgun technique. For several years, they have been used to explore the oral, periodontal, and, more specifically, peri-implant microbiota. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the recent results of these new explorations by comparing the periodontal and peri-implant microbiota in patients with healthy and diseased sites and to explore the microbiological characteristics of peri-implantitis. A better knowledge of the composition of the peri-implant microbiota would enable us to optimize our therapeutic strategies. An electronic systematic search was performed using the medical databases PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect, and . The selected articles were published between January 2015 and March 2021. Inclusion criteria included clinical studies comparing healthy and pathological periodontal and peri-implant microbiota exclusively using 16S rRNA sequencing or shotgun sequencing, with enrolled populations free of systemic pathology, and studies without substantial bias. Eight articles were selected and reviewed. All of them used 16S rRNA sequencing exclusively. The assessment of these articles demonstrates the specific character of the peri-implant microbiota in comparison with the periodontal microbiota in healthy and pathological conditions. Indeed, peri-implant diseases are defined by dysbiotic bacterial communities that vary from one individual to another, including known periodontopathogens such as () and genera less mentioned in the periodontal disease pattern such as . Examination of peri-implant microbiota with 16S rRNA sequencing reveals differences between the periodontal and peri-implant microbiota under healthy and pathological conditions in terms of diversity and composition. The pattern of dysbiotic drift is preserved in periodontal and peri-implant diseases, but when comparing the different types of pathological sites, the peri-implant microbiota has a specificity in the presence of bacteria proper to peri-implantitis and different relative proportions of the microorganisms present.
PubMed: 36557719
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122466 -
Global Mental Health (Cambridge,... 2023Natural hazards are increasing because of climate change, and they disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. Prior reviews of the mental health consequences of... (Review)
Review
Natural hazards are increasing because of climate change, and they disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. Prior reviews of the mental health consequences of natural hazard events have not focused on the particular experiences of vulnerable groups. Based on the expected increase in fires and droughts in the coming years, the aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the global evidence about the mental health of vulnerable populations after experiencing natural hazards. We searched databases such as Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Ovid PsycInfo using a systematic strategy, which yielded 3,401 publications. We identified 18 eligible studies conducted in five different countries with 15,959 participants. The most common vulnerabilities were living in a rural area, occupying a low socioeconomic position, being a member of an ethnic minority and having a medical condition. Common experiences reported by vulnerable individuals affected by drought included worry, hopelessness, isolation and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Those affected by fire reported experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and anger. These mental health problems exacerbated existing health and socioeconomic challenges. The evidence base about mental health in vulnerable communities affected by natural hazards can be improved by including standardized measures and comparison groups, examining the role of intersectional vulnerabilities, and disaggregating data routinely to allow for analyses of the particular experiences of vulnerable communities. Such efforts will help ensure that programs are informed by an understanding of the unique needs of these communities.
PubMed: 37860103
DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.13 -
Facial emotion processing and recognition among maltreated children: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in Psychology 2014Exposure to maltreatment is associated with biological, psychological, and social development impairments in children. This systematic literature review sought to... (Review)
Review
Exposure to maltreatment is associated with biological, psychological, and social development impairments in children. This systematic literature review sought to determine whether an association exists between child maltreatment and facial emotion processing and recognition. The search was conducted using the databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and SciELO using the following keywords: "maltreatment," "adversity," "neglect," "sexual abuse," "emotional abuse," "physical abuse," "child(*)," "early," "infant," "face," "facial," "recognition," "expression," "emotion(*)," and "impairment." Seventeen articles were selected and analyzed. Maltreated children tended to exhibit less accuracy in global facial tasks and showed greater reactivity, response bias, and electrophysiological activation of specific brain areas in response to faces expressing negative emotions, especially anger. We concluded that the results of this review are exploratory and non-conclusive due to the small number of studies published and the wide variety of aims and procedures. Those shortcomings notwithstanding, the results indicate definite tendencies and gaps that should be more thoroughly explored in future studies.
PubMed: 25566138
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01460 -
BMC Psychology May 2020High-risk pregnancy refers to a pregnancy that negatively affects the health of the mother, the baby, or both. High-risk pregnancy evokes a range of emotional and...
BACKGROUND
High-risk pregnancy refers to a pregnancy that negatively affects the health of the mother, the baby, or both. High-risk pregnancy evokes a range of emotional and psychological experiences for the expectant mother, and can adversely affect both the mother and the baby's health. Medical research on high-risk pregnancy abounds, while women's emotional/psychological experiences are not sufficiently documented, and hence much less attention and/or programming is directed to support women with high risk pregnancies.
METHODS
The aim of this review is to present published evidence of how studies reported on the emotional and psychological experiences of a woman's high-risk pregnancy journey. The systematic review examined qualitative studies over a 10 year period that were published between January 2006 and June 2017. These studies were identified on 10 databases. The study utilised three stages of review (i.e. abstract reading, title reading, and full-text reading) and for a successful conduction of the meta-synthesis, this study applied one of the phases provided by Noblit and Hare.
RESULTS
The findings provide empirical evidence that women's emotional and psychological experiences (i.e. shock, fear, frustration, grief, isolation and loneliness, anger, sadness, guilt, and mental health disorder) are evident throughout their high-risk pregnancies experience.
Topics: Emotions; Fear; Female; Humans; Mental Disorders; Mothers; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, High-Risk; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 32362285
DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-00410-8 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2022Facial emotion identification (FEI) deficits are associated with impaired social functioning in persons living with schizophrenia (PLwS), but the research on...
BACKGROUND
Facial emotion identification (FEI) deficits are associated with impaired social functioning in persons living with schizophrenia (PLwS), but the research on emotion-specific FEI deficits remains inconclusive. Furthermore, existing studies on FEI deficits are limited by their small sample sizes. We performed a meta-analysis of studies comparing the FEI abilities between Chinese PLwS and healthy controls in terms of the six basic facial emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, anger, and surprise), as well as contempt, calmness, and neutral facial expressions.
METHODS
Major Chinese- and English-language databases were searched to retrieve case-control studies that compared the FEI task performance between Chinese PLwS and healthy controls (HCs) and reported the emotion-specific correct identification scores for PLwS and HCs. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case-control Studies ("JBI checklist," hereafter) was used to assess the risk of bias (RoB) of the included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using the "meta" package of R 4.1.2.
RESULTS
Twenty-three studies with a total of 28 case-control cohorts and 1,894 PLwS and 1,267 HCs were included. The RoB scores of the included studies ranged from two to seven. PLwS had statistically significantly lower FEI scores than HCs and the corresponding emotion-specific pooled standard mean differences (95% confidence intervals) were -0.69 (-0.88, -0.50) for happiness, -0.88 (-1.12, -0.63) for sadness, -1.44 (-1.83, -1.06) for fear, -1.18 (-1.60, -0.76) for disgust, -0.91 (-1.24, -0.57) for anger, -1.09 (-1.39, -0.78) for surprise, -0.26 (-0.51, -0.01) for contempt, -0.31 (-0.52, -0.09) for calmness, and -0.42 (-0.65, -0.18) for neutral. In the analyses of sources of heterogeneity, drug-naïve status, clinical setting, positive and negative psychotic symptoms, and RoB were significant moderators of the magnitudes of FEI deficits.
CONCLUSIONS
Chinese PLwS have significant FEI impairments in terms of recognizing the six basic facial emotions, contempt, calmness, and neutral emotions, and the magnitude of impairment varies depending on the type of emotion, clinical characteristics, and the level of RoB of the study. It is necessary to consider the characteristics of FEI deficits and the clinical moderators in the FEI deficits to develop remediation strategies targeting FEI deficits in schizophrenia.
PubMed: 36606133
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1097350 -
Journal of the American Medical... Jun 2016Poor gait performance predicts risk of developing dementia. No structured critical evaluation has been conducted to study this association yet. The aim of this... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Poor gait performance predicts risk of developing dementia. No structured critical evaluation has been conducted to study this association yet. The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically examine the association of poor gait performance with incidence of dementia.
METHODS
An English and French Medline search was conducted in June 2015, with no limit of date, using the medical subject headings terms "Gait" OR "Gait Disorders, Neurologic" OR "Gait Apraxia" OR "Gait Ataxia" AND "Dementia" OR "Frontotemporal Dementia" OR "Dementia, Multi-Infarct" OR "Dementia, Vascular" OR "Alzheimer Disease" OR "Lewy Body Disease" OR "Frontotemporal Dementia With Motor Neuron Disease" (Supplementary Concept). Poor gait performance was defined by standardized tests of walking, and dementia was diagnosed according to international consensus criteria. Four etiologies of dementia were identified: any dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and non-AD (ie, pooling VaD, mixed dementias, and other dementias). Fixed effects meta-analyses were performed on the estimates in order to generate summary values.
RESULTS
Of the 796 identified abstracts, 12 (1.5%) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Poor gait performance predicted dementia [pooled hazard ratio (HR) combined with relative risk and odds ratio = 1.53 with P < .001 for any dementia, pooled HR = 1.79 with P < .001 for VaD, HR = 1.89 with P value < .001 for non-AD]. Findings were weaker for predicting AD (HR = 1.03 with P value = .004).
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis provides evidence that poor gait performance predicts dementia. This association depends on the type of dementia; poor gait performance is a stronger predictor of non-AD dementias than AD.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Dementia; Female; Gait; Humans; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Psychomotor Performance
PubMed: 26852960
DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.092 -
Journal of Patient Safety Jun 2020Despite growing interest in the second-victim phenomenon and greater awareness of its consequences, there has not been a meta-analysis quantifying the negative impact of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Despite growing interest in the second-victim phenomenon and greater awareness of its consequences, there has not been a meta-analysis quantifying the negative impact of adverse events on providers involved in adverse events. This study systematically reviewed the types and prevalence of psychological and psychosomatic symptoms among second victims.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of nine electronic databases up to February 2017, without restrictions to publication date or language, examining also additional sources (e.g., gray literature, volumes of journals). Two reviewers performed the search, selection process, quality assessment, data extraction, and synthesis. We resolved disagreements by consensus and/or involving a third reviewer. Quantitative studies on the prevalence of psychological and psychosomatic symptoms of second victims were eligible for inclusion. We used random effects modeling to calculate the overall prevalence rates and the I statistic.
RESULTS
Of 7210 records retrieved, 98 potentially relevant studies were identified. Full-text evaluation led to a final selection of 18 studies, based on the reports of 11,649 healthcare providers involved in adverse events. The most prevalent symptoms were troubling memories (81%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 46-95), anxiety/concern (76%, 95% CI = 33-95), anger toward themselves (75%, 95% CI = 59-86), regret/remorse (72%, 95% CI = 62-81), distress (70%, 95% CI = 60-79), fear of future errors (56%, 95% CI = 34-75), embarrassment (52%, 95% CI = 31-72), guilt (51%, 95% CI = 41-62), and sleeping difficulties (35%, 95% CI = 22-51).
CONCLUSIONS
Second victims report a high prevalence and wide range of psychological symptoms. More than two-thirds of providers reported troubling memories, anxiety, anger, remorse, and distress. Preventive and therapeutic programs should aim to decrease second victims' emotional distress.
Topics: Humans; Health Personnel; Medical Errors; Mental Disorders; Psychophysiologic Disorders; Risk Management; Prevalence
PubMed: 30921046
DOI: 10.1097/PTS.0000000000000589 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2020Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are a group of clinically heterogeneous genetic disorders that arise as the result of dysfunctional mitochondria. Only few medical articles...
UNLABELLED
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are a group of clinically heterogeneous genetic disorders that arise as the result of dysfunctional mitochondria. Only few medical articles deal with neuropsychological or psychiatric aspects of MDs.
AIM
The present article aims to provide a systematic review of neuropsychological and psychiatric aspects of MDs.
METHODS
In order to identify all studies dealing with psychiatric and neuropsychological aspects of MDs in children and adolescents, we performed a search in the medical literature between April 2009 and April 2019 using PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science and we defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS
We found only seven studies that satisfy the inclusion requirements and criteria. The main psychiatric aspects reported in MDs were depressive and behavioral disorders. With regard to the neuropsychological aspects of MDs, developmental analyses showed an overall deterioration and developmental delay.
INTERPRETATION
Children and adolescents with MDs may present psychiatric symptoms and neuropsychological impairment. A more systematic investigation of psychiatric and neuropsychological features of MDs is needed to foster a better understanding of the phenotype of these diseases and their links with the genotype, which may have significant implications for the developmental trajectories of patients.
PubMed: 32848925
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00747 -
PloS One 2023Patient safety incidents, including medical errors and adverse events, frequently occur in intensive care units, leading to a significant psychological burden on... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Patient safety incidents, including medical errors and adverse events, frequently occur in intensive care units, leading to a significant psychological burden on healthcare workers. This burden results in second victim syndrome, which impacts the psychological and psychosomatic well-being of these workers. However, a systematic review focusing specifically on this condition among intensive care unit healthcare workers is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the occurrence of second victim syndrome among intensive care unit healthcare workers, including the types, prevalence, risk factors, and recovery time associated with this condition.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive search of the MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi databases. The eligibility criteria encompassed retrospective, prospective, and cross-sectional studies and controlled trials, with no language restrictions. Data on the type, prevalence, risk factors, and recovery time of second victim syndrome were extracted and pooled. Prevalence estimates from the included studies were combined using a random-effects meta-analytic model.
RESULTS
Of the 2,245 records retrieved, 16 potentially relevant studies were identified. Following full-text evaluation, five studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The findings revealed that 58% of intensive care unit healthcare workers experienced second victim syndrome. Frequent symptoms included guilt (12-68%), anxiety (38-63%), anger at self (25-58%), and lower self-confidence (7-58%). However, specific risk factors exclusive to intensive care unit healthcare workers were not identified in the review. Furthermore, approximately 20% of individuals took more than a year to recover or did not recover at all from the second victim syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS
Thus, this condition is prevalent among intensive care unit healthcare workers and may persist for extended periods, potentially exceeding a year. The risk factors for second victim syndrome in the intensive care unit setting are unclear and require further investigation.
Topics: Humans; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Personnel; Intensive Care Units
PubMed: 37788270
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292108 -
Indian Journal of Thoracic and... May 2024Infective endocarditis surgical patients suffer from high rates of severe complications such as systemic inflammatory response, septic shock, and multi-organ failure... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
Infective endocarditis surgical patients suffer from high rates of severe complications such as systemic inflammatory response, septic shock, and multi-organ failure leading to high mortality. Systemic inflammatory response based on cytokines as messengers plays an important role in these patients. The concept of intraoperative haemoadsorption has been proposed to remove such elevated cytokines in patients undergoing cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis. Haemoadsorption offers the possibility to stabilise haemodynamics, reduce sepsis-related mortality, and protect organ function. However, until now, there has been no general opinion and consensus regarding the clinical effectiveness of adjunctive intraoperative haemoadsorption in infective endocarditis. Therefore, we reviewed the current literature evaluating haemoadsorption in infective endocarditis patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42023457632).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12055-024-01701-0.
PubMed: 38827548
DOI: 10.1007/s12055-024-01701-0