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International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023Despite advances in in vitro fertilization (IVF), there is still a lack of non-invasive and reliable biomarkers for selecting embryos with the highest developmental and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Despite advances in in vitro fertilization (IVF), there is still a lack of non-invasive and reliable biomarkers for selecting embryos with the highest developmental and implantation potential. Recently, small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have been identified in biological fluids, and extracellular sncRNAs are explored as diagnostic biomarkers in the prediction of IVF outcomes. To determine the predictive role of sncRNAs in embryo quality and IVF outcomes, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1990 to 31 July 2022. Eighteen studies that met the selection criteria were analyzed. In total, 22 and 47 different sncRNAs were found to be dysregulated in follicular fluid (FF) and embryo spent culture medium (SCM), respectively. , and in FF and in SCM showed consistent dysregulation in two different studies. The meta-analysis indicated the potential predictive performance of sncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers, with a pooled area under curve (AUC) value of 0.81 (95% CI 0.78, 0.844), a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI 0.72, 0.85), a specificity of 0.67 (95% CI 0.52, 0.79) and a diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 8 (95% CI 5, 12). Significant heterogeneity was identified among studies in sensitivity (I2 = 46.11%) and specificity (I2 = 89.73%). This study demonstrates that sncRNAs may distinguish embryos with higher developmental and implantation potentials. They can be promising non-invasive biomarkers for embryo selection in ART. However, the significant heterogeneity among studies highlights the demand for prospective multicenter studies with optimized methods and adequate sample sizes in the future.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Prospective Studies; Fertilization in Vitro; Biomarkers; MicroRNAs; RNA, Small Untranslated
PubMed: 36982824
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065751 -
Cancer Medicine Oct 2018Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. Patients with LC usually have poor prognosis due to the difficulties in detecting... (Review)
Review
Lung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. Patients with LC usually have poor prognosis due to the difficulties in detecting tumors at early stages. Multiple studies have shown that circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers for early detection of LC. We aimed to provide an overview of published studies on circulating miRNA markers for early detection of LC and to summarize their diagnostic performance in Western populations. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge to find relevant studies published up to 11 August 2017. Information on study design, population characteristics, miRNA markers, and diagnostic accuracy (including sensitivity, specificity, and AUC) were independently extracted by two reviewers. Overall, 17 studies evaluating 35 circulating miRNA markers and 19 miRNA panels in serum or plasma were included. The median sensitivity (range) and specificity (range) were, respectively, 78.4% (51.7%-100%) and 78.7% (42.9%-93.5%) for individual miRNAs, and 83.0% (64.0%-100%) and 84.9% (71.0%-100%) for miRNA panels. Most studies incorporated individual miRNA markers as panels (with 2-34 markers), with multiple miRNA-based panels generally outperforming individual markers. Two promising miRNA panels were discovered and verified in prospective cohorts. Of note, both studies exclusively applied miRNA ratios when building up panels. In conclusion, circulating miRNAs may bear potential for noninvasive LC screening, but large studies conducted in screening or longitudinal settings are needed to validate the promising results and optimize the marker panels.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Circulating MicroRNA; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Prospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 30259714
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1782 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2023Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a global health problem that affects people even at young ages due to unhealthy lifestyles. Without intervention,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a global health problem that affects people even at young ages due to unhealthy lifestyles. Without intervention, NAFLD will develop into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and eventually liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although lifestyle interventions are therapeutic, effective implementation remains challenging. In the efforts to establish effective treatment for NAFLD/NASH, microRNA (miRNA)-based therapies began to evolve in the last decade. Therefore, this systematic review aims to summarize current knowledge on the promising miRNA-based approaches in NAFLD/NASH therapies. A current systematic evaluation and a meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA statement. In addition, a comprehensive exploration of PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases was conducted to perform article searches. A total of 56 different miRNAs were reported as potential therapeutic agents in these studies. miRNA-34a antagonist/inhibitor was found to be the most studied variant ( = 7), and it significantly improved the hepatic total cholesterol, total triglyceride, Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), and Alanine Transaminase (ALT) levels based on a meta-analysis. The biological processes mediated by these miRNAs involved hepatic fat accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis. miRNAs have shown enormous therapeutic potential in the management of NAFLD/NASH, wherein miRNA-34a antagonist has been found to be an exceptional potential agent for the treatment of NAFLD/NASH.
Topics: Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; MicroRNAs; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms
PubMed: 37298120
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119168 -
The Journal of Maternal-fetal &... Dec 2023The relationship between circulating miRNAs and neonatal sepsis and the mechanism of action are still unclear at this time. Therefore, the potential diagnostic role of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The relationship between circulating miRNAs and neonatal sepsis and the mechanism of action are still unclear at this time. Therefore, the potential diagnostic role of miRNAs in neonatal sepsis (NS) was studied through meta-analysis.
METHOD
Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase are retrieved, supplemented by manual search, and the search was conducted to find related studies without time limit until May 2022.The quality of the literature was assessed via QUADAS criteria and meta-analyzed via Stata 11.0 software, including the assessment of specificity, sensitivity, likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio. Then, sensitivity analysis and heterogeneity testing were conducted, and finally, the summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) curve was drawn.
RESULT
This study included 14 articles, including 20 miRNAs and 1597 newborns(control group: 727 and case group: 870). Among them, one article was of low quality, three articles were of high quality, and the rest were of medium quality. According to the results of random effects model analysis, the pooled specificity and sensitivity of miRNA for the diagnosis of NS were 0.83 (95%CI: 0.79-0.87) and 0.76 (95%CI: 0.72-0.80), respectively. And negative likelihood ratio, positive likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.29 (95%CI: 0.24-0.34), 4.51 (95%CI: 3.52-5.78), and 15.81 (95%CI: 10.71-23.35), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.86, and there was no evidence publication bias detected in the funnel plot.
CONCLUSION
Circulating miRNAs may be very useful in the development of early diagnostic strategies for neonatal sepsis.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; MicroRNAs; Neonatal Sepsis; Biomarkers; Dietary Supplements; Odds Ratio
PubMed: 37303196
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2217317 -
Clinical and Translational Science Aug 2022Aortic stenosis (AS) is the commonest valve lesion requiring surgery in the Western world. The presence of myocardial fibrosis is associated with mortality even after... (Review)
Review
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the commonest valve lesion requiring surgery in the Western world. The presence of myocardial fibrosis is associated with mortality even after valve replacement. MicroRNAs could serve as biomarkers of fibrosis and risk stratify patients for earlier intervention. This study aimed to systematically review reports of micro-RNA (miR) associated with fibrosis in AS and identify potential biomarkers. We searched EMBASE, Medline, and Web of Science up to May 2020. Studies that reported on the role of miRs in AS and cardiac fibrosis were included. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Of 4230 reports screened, 25 were included. All studies were of low to moderate quality. MiRs were analyzed in myocardial tissue (n = 10), aortic valve tissue (n = 5), plasma (n = 5), and serum (n = 5). A total of 365 miRs were reported, of which only a few were reported in more than one paper (3 in the myocardium, 5 in the aortic valve, and 1 in plasma). miR-21 was upregulated in plasma and myocardial tissue. MiR-19b was downregulated in the myocardium. Papers reporting myocardial miR-1 contradicted each other, and miR-133a was associated with increased left ventricular mass regression post-surgery. In the aortic valve, miRs-665, 602 and 939 were downregulated, and miRs-193b and 214 were upregulated. The data on miR in fibrosis in AS is scarce and of low to moderate quality. Further studies are needed to identify novel miRs as biomarkers, especially at an earlier asymptomatic phase of the disease.
Topics: Aortic Valve Stenosis; Biomarkers; Fibrosis; Humans; MicroRNAs; Myocardium
PubMed: 35579611
DOI: 10.1111/cts.13303 -
Oncotarget Jun 2016This systematic review is written to investigate the outcome of cervical cancer. A comprehensive search of PubMed and EMBASE was performed to identify eligible studies.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This systematic review is written to investigate the outcome of cervical cancer. A comprehensive search of PubMed and EMBASE was performed to identify eligible studies. Nineteen studies from thirteen articles with a total of 1,310 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) as a prognosis for cervical cancer were extracted and calculated, if available. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using STATA (version 12.0), resulting in the pooled HRs 0.70 (95% CI: 0.51-0.97) for OS, 1.02 (95% CI: 0.53-1.98) for DFS, and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.40-0.77) for RFS. The results indicated that cervical cancer patients with decreased microRNA expression were associated with shorter OS and RFS. It suggested that microRNAs might be promising markers for predicting the survival rate of cervical cancer.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Humans; MicroRNAs; Prognosis; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 27177085
DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9294 -
Disease Markers 2014Many studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) could play a potential role as prognostic biomarkers of tumors. The aim of this study is to summarize the global... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Many studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) could play a potential role as prognostic biomarkers of tumors. The aim of this study is to summarize the global predicting role of microRNA-210 (miR-210) for survival in patients with a variety of carcinomas.
METHODS
Relevant literature was identified using PubMed and the information in eligible studies has been extracted. Then meta-analysis of hazard ratio (HR) was performed to evaluate the prognostic role of the miR-210 in different tumors.
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included 9 published studies dealing with various carcinomas. For recurrence free survival or disease free survival (RFS/DFS), the combined hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of higher miR-210 expression were 2.47 [1.36, 4.46], which could significantly predict poor survival in general carcinomas. MicroRNA-210 was also a significant predictor for overall survival (OS), metastasis free survival or distant relapse free survival (MFS/DRFS), and disease specific survival (DSS). Importantly, subgroup analysis suggested that higher expression of miR-210 correlated with worse RFS/DFS, OS, and MFS/DRFS, especially in breast cancer, which were 3.36 [2.30, 4.93], 3.29 [1.65, 6.58], and 2.85 [1.76, 4.62] separately.
CONCLUSION
Our studies suggested that microRNA-210 could predict the outcome of patients with varieties of tumors, especially in breast cancers.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma; Disease-Free Survival; Gene Expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; MicroRNAs; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; RNA Interference
PubMed: 24591754
DOI: 10.1155/2014/106197 -
Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy Jun 2017Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia and is associated with pronounced morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence, expected to further increase... (Review)
Review
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia and is associated with pronounced morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence, expected to further increase for the forthcoming years, and associated frequent hospitalizations turn AF into a major health problem. Structural and electrical atrial remodelling underlie the substrate for AF, but the exact mechanisms driving this remodelling remain incompletely understood. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNA), short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, may be involved in the pathophysiology of AF. MiRNAs have been implicated in AF-induced ion channel remodelling and fibrosis. MiRNAs could therefore provide insight into AF pathophysiology or become novel targets for therapy with miRNA mimics or anti-miRNAs. Moreover, circulating miRNAs have been suggested as a new class of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of AF. However, the origin and function of miRNAs in tissue and plasma frequently remain unknown and studies investigating the role of miRNAs in AF vary in design and focus and even present contradicting results. Here, we provide a systematic review of the available clinical and functional studies investigating the tissue and plasma miRNAs in AF and will thereafter discuss the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets in AF.
Topics: Animals; Atrial Fibrillation; Biomarkers; Gene Expression; Humans; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 28752208
DOI: 10.1007/s10557-017-6736-z -
Cells Aug 2021The dental pulp can be affected by thermal, physical, chemical, and bacterial phenomena that stimulate the inflammatory response. The pulp tissue produces an...
The dental pulp can be affected by thermal, physical, chemical, and bacterial phenomena that stimulate the inflammatory response. The pulp tissue produces an immunological, cellular, and vascular reaction in an attempt to defend itself and resolve the affected tissue. The expression of different microRNAs during pulp inflammation has been previously documented. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small molecules involved in the transcription of genes that regulate the immune system and the inflammatory response. They are present in cellular and physiological functions, as well as in the pathogenesis of human diseases, becoming potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring, and safety. Previous studies have evidenced the different roles played by miRNAs in proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and immunological phenomena in the dental pulp, highlighting specific key functions of pulp pathology. This systematized review aims to provide an understanding of the role of the different microRNAs detected in the pulp and their effects on the expression of the different target genes that are involved during pulp inflammation.
Topics: Cell Differentiation; Dental Pulp; Down-Regulation; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Inflammation; MicroRNAs; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Up-Regulation
PubMed: 34440911
DOI: 10.3390/cells10082142 -
European Urology Aug 2016Short noncoding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) control protein expression through the degradation of RNA or the inhibition of protein translation. The miRNAs influence... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Short noncoding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) control protein expression through the degradation of RNA or the inhibition of protein translation. The miRNAs influence a wide range of biologic processes and are often deregulated in cancer. This family of small RNAs constitutes potentially valuable markers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic choices in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, as well as potential drugs (miRNA mimics) or drug targets (anti-miRNAs) in PCa management.
OBJECTIVE
To review the currently available data on miRNAs as biomarkers in PCa and as possible tools for early detection and prognosis.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
A systematic review was performed searching the PubMed database for articles in English using a combination of the following terms: microRNA, miRNA, cancer, prostate cancer, miRNA profiling, diagnosis, prognosis, therapy response, and predictive marker.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
We summarize the existing literature regarding the profiling of miRNA in PCa detection, prognosis, and response to therapy. The articles were reviewed with the main goal of finding a common recommendation that could be translated from bench to bedside in future clinical practice.
CONCLUSIONS
The miRNAs are important regulators of biologic processes in PCa progression. A common expression profile characterizing each tumor subtype and stage has still not been identified for PCa, probably due to molecular heterogeneity as well as differences in study design and patient selection. Large-scale studies that should provide additional important information are still missing. Further studies, based on common clinical parameters and guidelines, are necessary to validate the translational potential of miRNAs in PCa clinical management. Such common signatures are promising in the field and emerge as potential biomarkers.
PATIENT SUMMARY
The literature shows that microRNAs hold potential as novel biomarkers that could aid prostate cancer management, but additional studies with larger patient cohorts and common guidelines are necessary before clinical implementation.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Disease Management; Disease Progression; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; Male; MicroRNAs; Prognosis; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 26806656
DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2015.12.054