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Revista de Saude Publica 2015To estimate worldwide prevalence of chronic low back pain according to age and sex. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To estimate worldwide prevalence of chronic low back pain according to age and sex.
METHODS
We consulted Medline (PubMed), LILACS and EMBASE electronic databases. The search strategy used the following descriptors and combinations: back pain, prevalence, musculoskeletal diseases, chronic musculoskeletal pain, rheumatic, low back pain, musculoskeletal disorders and chronic low back pain. We selected cross-sectional population-based or cohort studies that assessed chronic low back pain as an outcome. We also assessed the quality of the selected studies as well as the chronic low back pain prevalence according to age and sex.
RESULTS
The review included 28 studies. Based on our qualitative evaluation, around one third of the studies had low scores, mainly due to high non-response rates. Chronic low back pain prevalence was 4.2% in individuals aged between 24 and 39 years old and 19.6% in those aged between 20 and 59. Of nine studies with individuals aged 18 and above, six reported chronic low back pain between 3.9% and 10.2% and three, prevalence between 13.1% and 20.3%. In the Brazilian older population, chronic low back pain prevalence was 25.4%.
CONCLUSIONS
Chronic low back pain prevalence increases linearly from the third decade of life on, until the 60 years of age, being more prevalent in women. Methodological approaches aiming to reduce high heterogeneity in case definitions of chronic low back pain are essential to consistency and comparative analysis between studies. A standard chronic low back pain definition should include the precise description of the anatomical area, pain duration and limitation level.
Topics: Age Factors; Chronic Pain; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Low Back Pain; Male; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Pain Measurement; Prevalence; Sex Factors
PubMed: 26487293
DOI: 10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005874 -
Annals of Epidemiology Jan 2019Chronic wounds are a major public health challenge, but little is known about the true burden with studies reporting different estimates because of disparities in study... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
Chronic wounds are a major public health challenge, but little is known about the true burden with studies reporting different estimates because of disparities in study designs and measurement methods. This hampers efficient resource allocation, planning, and improvement of wound care.
METHODS
Our study aimed to pool prevalence estimates from a global perspective by systematically carrying out searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, Global Health, and PsycINFO databases for articles reporting the prevalence of chronic wounds in adults, from January 2000 to June 2018. The included publications had to define wound chronicity by duration (≥3 weeks), and/or labeling the wounds as chronic, complex, or hard-to-heal.
RESULTS
Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, and 11 studies analyzing chronic wounds in the general population were included in random effects meta-analyses to calculate pooled prevalence. Chronic wounds of mixed etiologies (n = 3) showed a pooled prevalence of 2.21 per 1000 population, and for chronic leg ulcers (n = 9), the prevalence was estimated at 1.51 per 1000 population.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings, aligned to previous studies reporting point prevalence of chronic wounds identified within the healthcare system, showed that the vast majority of chronic wounds in epidemiological studies are made up by chronic leg ulcers.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Observational Studies as Topic; Prevalence; Treatment Outcome; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 30497932
DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.10.005 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023To collect the available evidence about the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education (PNE) on pain, disability, and psychosocial factors in patients with chronic... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To collect the available evidence about the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education (PNE) on pain, disability, and psychosocial factors in patients with chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain and central sensitization (CS).
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted. Searches were performed on Pubmed, PEDro, and CINAHL, and only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) enrolling patients ≥18 years of age with chronic MSK pain due to CS were included. No meta-analysis was conducted, and qualitative analysis was realized.
RESULTS
15 RCTs were included. Findings were divided for diagnostic criteria (fibromyalgia-FM, chronic fatigue syndrome-CFS, low back pain-LBP, chronic spinal pain-CSP). PNE has been proposed as a single intervention or associated with other approaches, and different measures were used for the main outcomes considered. Conclusions, practice implication: PNE is effective in improving pain, disability, and psychosocial factors in patients with fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain (CLBP)-especially if associated with other therapeutic approaches-and also in patients with CFS and CSP. Overall, PNE seems to be more effective when proposed in one-to-one oral sessions and associated with reinforcement elements. However, specific eligibility criteria for chronic MSK pain due to CS are still lacking in most RCTs; therefore, for future research, it is mandatory to specify such criteria in primary studies.
Topics: Humans; Fibromyalgia; Musculoskeletal Pain; Low Back Pain; Central Nervous System Sensitization; Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic; Chronic Pain
PubMed: 36901108
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054098 -
The Lancet. Gastroenterology &... May 2021Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a lifelong condition with no cure. Patients with IBD might experience symptoms of common mental disorders such as anxiety and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a lifelong condition with no cure. Patients with IBD might experience symptoms of common mental disorders such as anxiety and depression because of bidirectional communication via the gut-brain axis and chronicity of symptoms, and because of impaired quality of life and reduced social functioning. However, uncertainties remain about the magnitude of this problem. We aimed to assess prevalence of symptoms of anxiety or depression in adult patients with IBD.
METHODS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Embase Classic, and PsycINFO for papers published from inception to Sept 30, 2020, reporting observational studies that recruited at least 100 adult patients with IBD and that reported prevalence of symptoms of anxiety or depression according to validated screening instruments. We excluded studies that only used a structured interview to assess for these symptoms and studies that did not provide extractable data. We extracted data from published study reports and calculated pooled prevalences of symptoms of anxiety and depression, odds ratios (OR), and 95% CIs.
FINDINGS
Of 5544 studies identified, 77 fulfilled the eligibility criteria, including 30 118 patients in total. Overall, pooled prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 32·1% (95% CI 28·3-36·0) in 58 studies (I=96·9%) and pooled prevalence of depression symptoms was 25·2% (22·0-28·5) in 75 studies (I=97·6%). In studies that reported prevalence of anxiety or depression in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis within the same study population, patients with Crohn's disease had higher odds of anxiety symptoms (OR 1·2, 95% CI 1·1-1·4) and depression symptoms (1·2, 1·1-1·4) than patients with ulcerative colitis. Overall, women with IBD were more likely to have symptoms of anxiety than were men with IBD (pooled prevalence 33·8% [95% CI 26·5-41·5] for women vs 22·8% [18·7-27·2] for men; OR 1·7 [95% CI 1·2-2·3]). They were also more likely to have symptoms of depression than men were (pooled prevalence 21·2% [95% CI 15·4-27·6] for women vs 16·2% [12·6-20·3] for men; OR 1·3 [95% CI 1·0-1·8]). The prevalence of symptoms of anxiety (57·6% [95% CI 38·6-75·4]) or depression (38·9% [26·2-52·3]) was higher in patients with active IBD than in patients with inactive disease (38·1% [30·9-45·7] for anxiety symptoms and 24·2% [14·7-35·3] for depression symptoms; ORs 2·5 [95% CI 1·5-4·1] for anxiety and 3·1 [1·9-4·9] for depression).
INTERPRETATION
There is a high prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with IBD, with up to a third of patients affected by anxiety symptoms and a quarter affected by depression symptoms. Prevalence was also increased in patients with active disease: half of these patients met criteria for anxiety symptoms and a third met criteria for depression symptoms. Encouraging gastroenterologists to screen for and treat these disorders might improve outcomes for patients with IBD.
FUNDING
None.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Depression; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Prevalence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33721557
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00014-5 -
Wound Repair and Regeneration :... Jan 2019Chronic wounds are a health problem that have devastating consequences for patients and contribute major costs to healthcare systems and societies. To understand the...
Chronic wounds are a health problem that have devastating consequences for patients and contribute major costs to healthcare systems and societies. To understand the magnitude of this health issue, a systematic review was undertaken. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBM Reviews and Cochrane library, CINAHL, EBSCO, PsycINFO, and Global Health databases for articles published between 2000 and 2015. Included publications had to target adults (≥18 years of age), state wound chronicity (≥3 weeks) and/or label the wounds as chronic, complex, hard-to-heal, or having led to an amputation. The review excluded studies that did not present data on generic health-related quality of life and/or cost data, case studies, randomized controlled trials, economic modeling studies, abstracts, and editorials. Extracted data were summarized into a narrative synthesis, and for a few articles using the same health-related quality of life instrument, average estimates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Thirty articles met the inclusion criteria. Findings revealed that health-related quality of life was lowest for physical pathologies, and based on average estimates were scores most inferior in the domain physical role for both patients with chronic wounds and for those with wound-related amputations. The cost burden was mainly attributed to amputations for patients also comorbid with diabetes, where the cost for hospitalization ranged from US$12,851 to US$16,267 (median) for this patient group. Patients with chronic wounds have poor health-related quality of life in general and wound-related costs are substantial. Development and implementation of wound management strategies that focus on increasing health-related quality of life and effectively reduce costs for this patient group are urgently needed.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Cost of Illness; Health Care Costs; Humans; Quality of Life; Wound Healing; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 30362646
DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12683 -
The Clinical Respiratory Journal Jul 2022To present a review on the pathogenesis, risk factor and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with osteoporosis and provide new ideas for the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To present a review on the pathogenesis, risk factor and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with osteoporosis and provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment.
DATA SOURCE
A systematic search is carried out using keywords as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, risk factors, and pulmonary rehabilitation.
RESULTS
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a high prevalence of osteoporosis and a high risk of fracture. The mechanisms of osteoporosis in COPD patients are associated with general risk factors, such as smoking, reduced physical activity, low weight, and disease-specific risk factors, such as systemic inflammatory, Vitamin D deficiency, use of glucocorticoid, anemia, hypoxemia, and hypercapnia. The treatment of osteoporosis in COPD emphasizes comprehensive intervention, which mainly include basic treatment and anti-osteoporosis drugs. Noticeably, pulmonary rehabilitation program is an important part of treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
This work summarizes the pathogenesis, risk factor, prevention, and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with osteoporosis, and the latest progress of studies on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and osteoporosis is discussed.
Topics: Fractures, Bone; Humans; Osteoporosis; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Risk Factors; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 35688435
DOI: 10.1111/crj.13514 -
Respiratory Medicine Jan 2021In the UK approximately 1.2 million people have COPD with around 25-40% being underweight and 35% have a severely low fat-free mass index. Measuring their body mass...
In the UK approximately 1.2 million people have COPD with around 25-40% being underweight and 35% have a severely low fat-free mass index. Measuring their body mass index is recommended and Health care professionals should endeavour to ensure that COPD patients are achieving their nutritional requirements. A narrative review summarizes evidence from 28 original articles identified through a systematic searches of databases, grey literature and hand searches covering 15 years, focusing on two themes, on the impact of malnutrition on COPD, and the management of malnutrition in COPD. Malnutrition causes negative effects on exercise and muscle function and lung function as well as increasing exacerbations, mortality and cost. Management options include nutritional supplementation which may increase weight and muscle function. Nutritional education has short-term improvements. Malnutrition affects multiple aspects of COPD, but treatment is of benefit. Clinical practice should include nutrition management.
Topics: Body Mass Index; Disease Progression; Humans; Malnutrition; Nutritional Requirements; Nutritional Status; Nutritional Support; Patient Care Management; Patient Education as Topic; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
PubMed: 33253970
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106248 -
BMJ Open Jun 2016There is little consensus regarding the burden of pain in the UK. The purpose of this review was to synthesise existing data on the prevalence of various chronic pain... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
There is little consensus regarding the burden of pain in the UK. The purpose of this review was to synthesise existing data on the prevalence of various chronic pain phenotypes in order to produce accurate and contemporary national estimates.
DESIGN
Major electronic databases were searched for articles published after 1990, reporting population-based prevalence estimates of chronic pain (pain lasting >3 months), chronic widespread pain, fibromyalgia and chronic neuropathic pain. Pooled prevalence estimates were calculated for chronic pain and chronic widespread pain.
RESULTS
Of the 1737 articles generated through our searches, 19 studies matched our inclusion criteria, presenting data from 139 933 adult residents of the UK. The prevalence of chronic pain, derived from 7 studies, ranged from 35.0% to 51.3% (pooled estimate 43.5%, 95% CIs 38.4% to 48.6%). The prevalence of moderate-severely disabling chronic pain (Von Korff grades III/IV), based on 4 studies, ranged from 10.4% to 14.3%. 12 studies stratified chronic pain prevalence by age group, demonstrating a trend towards increasing prevalence with increasing age from 14.3% in 18-25 years old, to 62% in the over 75 age group, although the prevalence of chronic pain in young people (18-39 years old) may be as high as 30%. Reported prevalence estimates were summarised for chronic widespread pain (pooled estimate 14.2%, 95% CI 12.3% to 16.1%; 5 studies), chronic neuropathic pain (8.2% to 8.9%; 2 studies) and fibromyalgia (5.4%; 1 study). Chronic pain was more common in female than male participants, across all measured phenotypes.
CONCLUSIONS
Chronic pain affects between one-third and one-half of the population of the UK, corresponding to just under 28 million adults, based on data from the best available published studies. This figure is likely to increase further in line with an ageing population.
Topics: Age Distribution; Chronic Pain; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Neuralgia; Pain Measurement; Prevalence; United Kingdom
PubMed: 27324708
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010364 -
Bulletin of the World Health... Mar 2022To estimate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic bronchitis in eight countries in South Asia through a systematic review and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic bronchitis in eight countries in South Asia through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
We searched MEDLINE® Complete, Web of Science, Embase®, Scopus, CINAHL and reference lists of screened studies for research on the prevalence of COPD and chronic bronchitis in South Asian countries published between January 1990 and February 2021. We used standardized diagnostic criteria for definitions of COPD and chronic bronchitis. Two reviewers undertook study screening, full-text review, quality appraisal and data extraction.
FINDINGS
Of 1529 studies retrieved, 43 met the inclusion criteria: 32 provided data from India; four from Bangladesh; three from Nepal; two from Pakistan; and two from both India and Sri Lanka. Twenty-six studies used standardized diagnostic definitions and 19 were included in the meta-analysis. The estimated pooled prevalence of COPD was 11.1% (95% confidence interval, CI: 7.4-14.8%), using the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease fixed criteria and 8.0% (95% CI: 5.6-10.4%) using the lower limit of normal criteria. The prevalence of COPD was highest in north India (19.4%) and Bangladesh (13.5%) and in men. The estimated pooled prevalence of chronic bronchitis was 5.0% (95% CI: 4.1-6.0%) in India and 3.6% (95% CI: 3.1-4.0%) in Pakistan.
CONCLUSION
Included countries have a high prevalence of COPD although it varied by geographical area and study characteristics. Future research in South Asia should use standardized diagnostic criteria to examine the contribution of setting-specific risk factors to inform prevention and control strategies.
Topics: Bronchitis, Chronic; Humans; India; Male; Prevalence; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35261410
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.21.286870 -
Ontario Health Technology Assessment... 2013Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in patients with chronic disease, but remain undertreated despite significant negative consequences on patient health. A... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in patients with chronic disease, but remain undertreated despite significant negative consequences on patient health. A number of clinical groups have developed recommendations for depression screening practices in the chronic disease population.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this analysis was to review empirical qualitative research on the experiences of patients with chronic disease (e.g., COPD, diabetes, heart disease, stroke) and comorbid depression or anxiety, and to highlight the implications of the screening and management of anxiety and/or depression on chronic disease outcomes.
REVIEW METHODS
We performed literature searches for studies published from January 2002 to May 2012. We applied a qualitative mega-filter to nine condition-specific search filters. Titles and abstracts were reviewed by two reviewers and, for the studies that met the eligibility criteria, full-text articles were obtained. Qualitative meta-synthesis was used to integrate findings across relevant published primary research studies. Qualitative meta-synthesis produced a synthesis of evidence that both retained the original meaning of the authors and offered a new, integrative interpretation of the phenomenon through a process of comparing and contrasting findings across studies.
RESULTS
The findings of 20 primary qualitative studies were synthesized. Patients tended to experience their chronic conditions and anxiety or depression as either independent or inter-related (i.e., the chronic disease lead to depression/anxiety, the depression/anxiety lead to the chronic disease, or the two conditions exacerbated each other). Potential barriers to screening for depression or anxiety were also identified.
LIMITATIONS
A wider array of issues might have been captured if the analysis had focused on broader psychological responses to the chronic disease experience. However, given the objective to highlight implications for screening for anxiety or depression, the more narrow focus seemed most relevant.
CONCLUSIONS
Chronic disease and anxiety or depression can be independent or inter-related. Patients may be reluctant to acknowledge depression or anxiety as a separate condition, or may not recognize that the conditions are separate because of overlapping physical symptoms. More qualitative research is needed to specifically address screening for depression or anxiety.
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY
Depression is a common complication of chronic disease. It may worsen the disease, and it may also affect the self-management of the disease. Screening for depression earlier, and then treating it, may reduce distress and improve symptoms of the chronic disease, leading to better quality of life.
Topics: Anxiety Disorders; Attitude to Health; Canada; Chronic Disease; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Diabetes Mellitus; Heart Diseases; Humans; Mass Screening; Prevalence; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Qualitative Research; Stroke
PubMed: 24228079
DOI: No ID Found