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Heliyon Mar 2023Digital technology has become an essential part of people's lives, and the Internet's innovation made it easier for humans to carry out activities. This systematic... (Review)
Review
Digital technology has become an essential part of people's lives, and the Internet's innovation made it easier for humans to carry out activities. This systematic review aims to examine parenting with a specific internet-based intervention designed to help them gain information about child-rearing. Specifically, it analyses: 1) how the internet-based parenting intervention is studied, 2) how was the study of an internet-based parenting intervention done, and 3) what themes emerged from the systematic review. The finding suggests that most internet-based parenting interventions use transmitting information techniques visually, as the content is displayed through exciting and informative content. Four themes emerged from the thematic analysis: technology-assisted parenting programs, parenting interventions as support for mothers, professional support online, and improved parenting skills. Positive responses from parents as users show that this online parenting intervention can meet their needs and has the potential to continue to be developed. The literature is quite limited regarding assessing internet-based parenting intervention in early childhood education and developmental psychology. Because of that, further research to develop internet-based parenting interventions becomes essential to give parenting professional support.
PubMed: 37020942
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14671 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Despite an increasing number of studies examining the impact of parental incarceration on children's well-being, there are few comprehensive reviews that collect this... (Review)
Review
Despite an increasing number of studies examining the impact of parental incarceration on children's well-being, there are few comprehensive reviews that collect this information, and even fewer from a developmental perspective. This study aims to clarify the effects of parental incarceration on children's well-being and development, as well as the moderating and mediating factors from a developmental perspective. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, selecting 61 studies of children from early childhood to adolescence. The results show differences in the current evidence regarding the effects of parental incarceration on children depending on the developmental stage, with the most evidence in the 7-11-year-old stage. Being male appears as a risk moderator factor while the mental health of the caregiver and their relationship with the child appears as a mediating variable, especially from 7 to 18 years old. These results reveal the impact of parental incarceration based on children's age, providing a basis for developing protective and intervention measures.
Topics: Child; Adolescent; Humans; Male; Child, Preschool; Female; Prisoners; Risk Factors; Mental Health
PubMed: 36833841
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043143 -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2019Meditation, yoga, and mindfulness are popular interventions at universities and tertiary education institutes to improve mental health. However, the effects on...
Meditation, yoga, and mindfulness are popular interventions at universities and tertiary education institutes to improve mental health. However, the effects on depression, anxiety, and stress are unclear. This study assessed the effectiveness of meditation, yoga, and mindfulness on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress in tertiary education students. We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, PsycINFO and identified 11,936 articles. After retrieving 181 papers for full-text screening, 24 randomized controlled trials were included in the qualitative analysis. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis amongst 23 studies with 1,373 participants. At post-test, after exclusion of outliers, effect sizes for depression, g = 0.42 (95% CI: 0.16-0.69), anxiety g = 0.46 (95% CI: 0.34-0.59), stress g = 0.42 (95% CI: 0.27-0.57) were moderate. Heterogeneity was low ( = 6%). When compared to active control, the effect decreased to g = 0.13 (95% CI: -0.18-0.43). No RCT reported on safety, only two studies reported on academic achievement, most studies had a high risk of bias. Most studies were of poor quality and results should be interpreted with caution. Overall moderate effects were found which decreased substantially when interventions were compared to active control. It is unclear whether meditation, yoga or mindfulness affect academic achievement or affect have any negative side effects.
PubMed: 31068842
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00193 -
The Australian and New Zealand Journal... Nov 2017Research suggests that maintaining treatment during pregnancy for women with bipolar affective disorder reduces the risk of relapse. However, one of the key questions... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Research suggests that maintaining treatment during pregnancy for women with bipolar affective disorder reduces the risk of relapse. However, one of the key questions for women and clinicians during pregnancy is whether there are implications of exposure to mood stabilizers for longer term child development. Despite these concerns, there are few recent systematic reviews comparing the impact on child developmental outcomes for individual mood-stabilizing agents to inform clinical decisions.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the strengths and limitations of the existing data on child developmental outcomes following prenatal exposure to mood stabilizers and to explore whether there are any differences between agents for detrimental effects on child development.
METHOD
Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a rigorous systematic search was carried out of four electronic databases from their respective years of inception to September 2016 to identify studies which examined the effects of mood stabilizers including sodium valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, lithium and second-generation antipsychotics on child developmental outcomes.
RESULTS
We identified 15 studies for critical review. Of these, 10 examined antiepileptic drugs, 2 studied lithium and 3 studied second-generation antipsychotics. The most consistent finding was a dose-response relationship for valproate with higher doses associated with poorer global cognitive abilities compared to other antiepileptic drugs. The limited data available for lithium found no adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The limited second-generation antipsychotic studies included a report of a transient early neurodevelopmental delay which resolved by 12 months of age.
CONCLUSION
This review found higher neurodevelopmental risk with valproate. While the existing data on lithium and second-generation antipsychotics are reassuring, these data are both limited and lower quality, indicating that further research is required. The information from this review is relevant for patients and clinicians to influence choice of mood-stabilizing agent in childbearing women. This must be balanced against the known risks associated with untreated bipolar affective disorder.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Antimanic Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Bipolar Disorder; Child; Child Development; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
PubMed: 28825316
DOI: 10.1177/0004867417726175 -
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Jul 2019The primary aim of this study was to analyze the impact of schizophrenic disorders on pregnancy outcomes. The secondary aim was to briefly analyze the potential role of...
The primary aim of this study was to analyze the impact of schizophrenic disorders on pregnancy outcomes. The secondary aim was to briefly analyze the potential role of antipsychotic treatment on influencing pregnancy outcomes in expectant mothers with schizophrenia. We searched the MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Science.gov databases for articles published in English from January 1980 to January 2019. We used the following search terms: 'schizophrenia', 'motherhood', 'pregnancy/foetal/neonatal outcomes', and 'birth defects'. The reference lists of retrieved articles were also consulted to find additional pertinent studies missed in the electronic search and/or those published before 1980. Data were extracted from articles that provided primary data on the impact of maternal schizophrenia spectrum disorders on obstetrical and perinatal outcomes. After excluding duplicates, 35 articles were identified. Systematic reviews were searched on the same databases to briefly assess the effects of antipsychotics on pregnancy outcomes. The reviewed studies showed several limitations. They were published during a time range from the early 1970s to 2019. During this period, there were significant changes in the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia. Moreover, such studies showed no homogeneity in the investigation of potential confounders. Most importantly, no research has differentiated the effects of maternal illness on pregnancy, fetal, and neonatal outcomes from those associated with antipsychotic treatments. Thus, it is not surprising that such studies show conflicting results. Despite such limitations, in managing pregnant women with schizophrenia clinicians should consider an integrated approach that includes: antipsychotic treatment, psychological treatment, optimal dietary approaches for prevention of excessive weight gain and gestational diabetes, meticulous gynecologic and obstetric surveillance, and social and occupational support.
Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Antipsychotic Agents; Female; Humans; Obstetric Labor Complications; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 31026107
DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12856 -
JAMA Psychiatry Mar 2024Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common mental disorders in adults. Psychotherapies are among the most recommended treatments for GAD, but which... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
IMPORTANCE
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common mental disorders in adults. Psychotherapies are among the most recommended treatments for GAD, but which should be considered as first-line treatment needs to be clarified.
OBJECTIVE
To use a network meta-analysis to examine the short- and long-term associations of different psychotherapies with outcomes of effectiveness and acceptability in adults with GAD.
DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched from database inception to January 1, 2023, to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of psychotherapies for adults with GAD.
STUDY SELECTION
RCTs comparing any type of psychotherapy against another or with a control condition for the treatment of adults (≥18 years, both sexes) with a primary diagnosis of GAD were eligible for inclusion.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
This study followed Cochrane standards for extracting data and assessing data quality and used the PRISMA guideline for reporting. Risk of bias of individual studies was assessed using the second version of the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis was used to rate the certainty of evidence for meta-analytical results.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Eight psychotherapies were compared against one another and with 2 control conditions. Primary outcomes were severity of GAD symptoms and acceptability of the psychotherapies. Random-effects model pairwise and network meta-analyses were conducted. For effectiveness, standardized mean differences (SMDs) were pooled, and for acceptability, relative risks with 95% CIs were calculated.
RESULTS
Data from 65 RCTs were included. Effect size estimates on data from 5048 participants (mean [SD], 70.9% [11.9%] women; mean [SD] age, 42.2 [12.5] years) suggested that third-wave cognitive behavior therapies (CBTs) (SMD, -0.76 [95% CI, -1.15 to -0.36]; certainty, moderate), CBT (SMD, -0.74 [95% CI, -1.09 to -0.38]; certainty, moderate), and relaxation therapy (SMD, -0.59 [95% CI, -1.07 to -0.11]; certainty, low) were associated with reduced GAD symptoms vs treatment as usual. Relative risks for all-cause discontinuation (indication of acceptability) signaled no differences compared with treatment as usual for all psychotherapies (eg, relative risk, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.64-1.67] for CBT vs treatment as usual). When excluding studies at high risk of bias, relaxation therapy lost its superiority over treatment as usual (SMD, -0.47; 95% CI, -1.18 to 0.23). When considering anxiety severity at 3 to 12 months after completion of the intervention, only CBT remained significantly associated with greater effectiveness than treatment as usual (SMD, -0.60; 95% CI, -0.99 to -0.21).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Given the evidence in this systematic review and network meta-analysis for its associations with both acute and long-term effectiveness, CBT may represent the first-line therapy of GAD. Third-wave CBTs and relaxation therapy were associated with short-term effectiveness and may also be offered.
Topics: Humans; Anxiety Disorders; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Network Meta-Analysis; Psychotherapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37851421
DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.3971 -
Addictive Behaviors Reports Jun 2022Frequently, developmental cascade models are used to examine causal linkages between early family risk and substance use etiology. When framed with longitudinal data,... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Frequently, developmental cascade models are used to examine causal linkages between early family risk and substance use etiology. When framed with longitudinal data, cascade models contribute to understanding developmental etiology by parsing stability from change in multiple domains of influence. This systematic review examines the research methods used in cascade studies of substance use etiology.
METHOD
A systematic literature review involved four electronic literature databases (i.e., PsycINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science). Specific terms referenced substance use etiology and developmental cascade effects. Inclusion requirements included cross-domain effects and repeated measures. Studies were eliminated based on including interventions or growth modeling that failed to differentiate time-specific effects. A risk assessment indicated adequate inter-rater reliability for the 18 studies included.
RESULTS
Conceptually, there was little evidence supporting hypothesized cascade effects that involved cross-domain risk mechanisms linking early parental socialization with later substance use. Methodologically, studies were characterized by modest sample sizes, lack of power, and relatively small effect sizes (ESavg. = 0.05 [SD = 0.046], range 0.003 - 0.19). Only half of the studies conducted formal statistical tests of indirect effects linking early socialization with later substance use.
CONCLUSION
This review highlights there is very little evidence for developmental cascade effects involving early parental socialization and substance use etiology. Methodological and conceptual limitations may hamper detection of developmental cascade effects and further undermine our understanding of substance use etiology. Future studies may want to follow larger samples, over extended time frames and specify intermediate mechanism that contribute to vulnerability.
PubMed: 35313482
DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2022.100420 -
Women's Health (London, England) 2023Sexual minority individuals experience discrimination, leading to mental health disparities. Physical health disparities have not been examined to the same extent in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Sexual minority individuals experience discrimination, leading to mental health disparities. Physical health disparities have not been examined to the same extent in systematic reviews so far.
OBJECTIVES
To provide a systematic review and, where possible, meta-analyses on the prevalence of physical health conditions in sexual minority women (i.e. lesbian- and bisexual-identified women) compared to heterosexual-identified women.
DESIGN
The study design is a systematic review with meta-analyses.
DATA SOURCES AND METHODS
A systematic literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases was conducted on epidemiologic studies on physical health conditions, classified in the Global Burden of Disease project, published between 2000 and 2021. Meta-analyses pooling odds ratios were calculated.
RESULTS
In total, 23,649 abstracts were screened and 44 studies were included in the systematic review. Meta-analyses were run for arthritis, asthma, back pain, cancer, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes, headache disorders, heart attacks, hepatitis, hypertension, and stroke. Most significant differences in prevalence by sexual identity were found for chronic respiratory conditions, especially asthma. Overall, sexual minority women were significantly 1.5-2 times more likely to have asthma than heterosexual women. Furthermore, evidence of higher prevalence in sexual minority compared to heterosexual women was found for back pain, headaches/migraines, hepatitis B/C, periodontitis, urinary tract infections, and acne. In contrast, bisexual women had lower cancer rates. Overall, sexual minority women had lower odds of heart attacks, diabetes, and hypertension than heterosexual women (in terms of diabetes and hypertension possibly due to non-consideration of pregnancy-related conditions).
CONCLUSION
We found evidence for physical health disparities by sexual identity. Since some of these findings rely on few comparisons only, this review emphasizes the need for routinely including sexual identity assessment in health research and clinical practice. Providing a more detailed picture of the prevalence of physical health conditions in sexual minority women may ultimately contribute to reducing health disparities.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Heterosexuality; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Diabetes Mellitus; Hypertension; Asthma; Myocardial Infarction
PubMed: 38146632
DOI: 10.1177/17455057231219610 -
Journal of Eating Disorders Jun 2023Perfectionism is considered a vulnerability factor for eating disorders. However, the role of perfectionism in binge eating needs clarification due to notably... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Perfectionism is considered a vulnerability factor for eating disorders. However, the role of perfectionism in binge eating needs clarification due to notably inconsistencies between studies. The purpose to this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the perfectionism-binge eating association.
METHOD
Systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and Psicodoc) were searched to identify studies published until September 2022. The literature search yielded 30 published articles (N = 9392) that provided 33 independent estimations of the correlation between the two variables.
RESULTS
Random-effects meta-analysis revealed a small-to-moderate positive average effect size between general perfectionism and binge eating (r = .17) with a large heterogeneity. Perfectionistic Concerns showed a significant small-to-moderate relationship with binge eating (r = .27), whereas Perfectionistic Strivings presented a negligible relationship with binge eating (r = .07). Moderator analyses showed that the age, the type of the sample, the study design, and the tools for assessing both variables were statistically associated with the perfectionism-binge eating effect sizes.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that Perfectionism Concerns are closely associated with binge eating symptomatology. This relationship might be moderated by certain variables, especially by the clinical or non-clinical nature of the sample and the instrument employed to assess binge eating.
PubMed: 37365626
DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00817-9 -
International Journal of Developmental... 2023: Within Family Quality of Life (FQoL) research, perceptions of siblings of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in the setting of a family are... (Review)
Review
: Within Family Quality of Life (FQoL) research, perceptions of siblings of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in the setting of a family are limited studied. The aim of this systematic review is to find relevant information about quality of life perceptions of siblings of people with IDD. Two main questions guided this review: (1) what are the siblings' perceptions on quality of life in the context of their family? (2) what needs and challenges do siblings have regarding their quality of life as siblings of individuals with IDD? : A systematic search was conducted using Scopus, PsycInfo, ERIC and Web of Science databases, involving keywords and combinations such as Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Family Quality of Life and siblings. : We identified a total of 48 articles. Analysis showed siblings' diverse perceptions of quality of life and their multiple experiences, needs, desires and concerns. : Results contribute to knowledge about the quality of life and well-being of siblings of all ages. Suggestions for support, interventions and future research are given, such as the necessity of educating local communities regarding siblings' needs, the study of siblings' experiences in different cultural contexts or the importance of conducting research with clear theoretical frameworks and focused on the multiple components that might be influencing siblings' quality of life.
PubMed: 37885836
DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2022.2036919