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Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2021The aim of this study is to review studies evaluating the role of genetics in skeletal class II malocclusion. (Review)
Review
AIM
The aim of this study is to review studies evaluating the role of genetics in skeletal class II malocclusion.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the scientific evidence associating the role of genes in skeletal class II malocclusion. Materials and Methods: A complete search across the electronic database through PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, BMC and manual hand search of orthodontic journals were done till May 2019. The keywords for the search included: "Genetics", "class II malocclusion", "maxillary prognathism", "mandibular retrognathism".
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Studies were selected based on PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS
Articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 11 cross-sectional studies satisfied the inclusion criteria and were analyzed for the role of genes in skeletal class II malocclusion. Almost all the studies except for one revealed a positive correlation of genes with skeletal class II malocclusion.
CONCLUSIONS
Out of the 11 studies included, a positive correlation of the genes with the skeletal II malocclusion was found in 10 studies. Genes FGFR2, MSX1, MATN1, MYOH1, ACTN3, GHR, KAT6B, HDAC4, AJUBA were found to be positively linked to skeletal class II malocclusion.
Topics: Actinin; Cephalometry; Cross-Sectional Studies; Histone Acetyltransferases; Humans; LIM Domain Proteins; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Malocclusion, Angle Class III
PubMed: 35229783
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_59_20 -
Global Health, Epidemiology and Genomics Nov 2019As urbanization increases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), urban populations will be increasingly exposed to a range of environmental risk factors for...
As urbanization increases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), urban populations will be increasingly exposed to a range of environmental risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Inadequate living conditions in urban settings may influence mechanisms that regulate gene expression, leading to the development of non-communicable respiratory diseases. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to assess the relationship between respiratory health and epigenetic factors to urban environmental exposures observed in LMICs using MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar searching a combination of the terms: epigenetics, chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs), lung development, chronic obstructive airway disease, and asthma. A total of 2835 articles were obtained, and 48 articles were included in this review. We found that environmental factors during early development are related to epigenetic effects that may be associated with a higher risk of CRDs. Epigenetic dysregulation of gene expression of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) and histone acetyltransferase gene families was likely involved in lung health of slum dwellers. Respiratory-related environmental exposures influence HDAC function and deoxyribonucleic acid methylation and are important risk factors in the development of CRD. Additional epigenetic research is needed to improve our understanding of associations between environmental exposures and non-communicable respiratory diseases.
Topics: Asthma; Developing Countries; Environmental Exposure; Epigenesis, Genetic; Humans; Lung; Poverty Areas; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Urban Population
PubMed: 32047643
DOI: 10.1017/gheg.2019.7 -
Does a high-fat diet affect the circadian clock, or is it the other way around? A systematic review.Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.) Dec 2020This paper reviews studies that addressed the influence of diet on circadian rhythmicity in mice and, in turn, circadian clock chronodisruption and its role in the...
This paper reviews studies that addressed the influence of diet on circadian rhythmicity in mice and, in turn, circadian clock chronodisruption and its role in the development of metabolic disorders. Studies from the past 14 years were selected via a systematic search conducted using the PubMed electronic database. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 291 studies were selected, of which 13 were chosen using the following inclusion criteria: use of a high-fat diet for mice, evaluation of clock gene expression, and the association between chronodisruption and lipid metabolism disorders. These studies reported changes in animals' biological clock when they developed metabolic disorders by consuming a high-fat diet. It was also evident that some clock gene mutations or deletions triggered metabolic changes. Disturbances of clock gene machinery may play important roles in lipid metabolism and the development of atherosclerotic processes. However, many metabolic processes also affect the function of clock genes and circadian systems. In summary, this review's results may provide new insights into the reciprocal regulation of energy homeostasis and the biological clock.
Topics: Animals; CLOCK Proteins; Circadian Clocks; Circadian Rhythm; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Fats; Female; Gene Expression; Lipid Metabolism; Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Male; Mice
PubMed: 33213889
DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.10.003 -
Medicine Nov 2020Amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1) expression is known to be involved in the initiation and progression of malignant breast cancer (BC), but its prognostic role remains... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
Amplified in breast cancer 1 (AIB1) expression is known to be involved in the initiation and progression of malignant breast cancer (BC), but its prognostic role remains uncertain. This meta-analysis assessed reported studies to evaluate this relationship.
METHODS
Electronic databases were systematically reviewed to collect eligible studies using pre-established criteria. Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate the impact of AIB1 protein expression on overall survival (OS) and clinicopathologic properties of BC cases.
RESULTS
Nine eligible studies, including 6774 patients, were finally assessed by the current clinical meta-analysis. AIB1 positivity correlated with reduced OS (pooled HR = 1.409, 95% CI 1.159-1.714, P = .001). AIB1 overexpression also impacted prognosis as shown by univariate (pooled HR = 1.420, 95% CI 1.154-1.747, P = .001) and multivariate (pooled HR = 1.446, 95% CI 1.099-1.956; P = .009) analyses. Notably, subgroup analyses also revealed that AIB1 overexpression was associated with poor OS in some subgroups, such as ER-positive group (pooled HR = 1.511, 95% CI 1.138-2.006, P = .004), ER-positive without tamoxifen administration group (pooled HR = 2.338, 95% CI 1.489-3.627, P < .001), and premenopausal women group (pooled HR = 1.715, 95% CI 1.231-2.390, P = .001). Additionally, high AIB1 protein levels were associated with HER2 positivity (pooled OR = 0.331, 95% CI 0.245-0.448; P < .001), poorly differentiated histological grade (pooled OR = 0.377, 95% CI 0.317-0.448; P < .001), high Ki67 (pooled OR = 0.501, 95% CI 0.410-0.612; P < .001), presence of lymph node metastases (pooled OR = 0.866, 95% CI 0.752-0.997; P = .045), and absence of progesterone receptor (pooled OR = 1.447, 95% CI 1.190-1.759; P < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
This analysis demonstrated that AIB1 overexpression is related to aggressive phenotypes and unfavorable clinical outcomes in BC, and might involve in tamoxifen resistance. AIB1 may be a new prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in BC.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Breast Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis
PubMed: 33181714
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000023248