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Kidney International Nov 2005The role of osmolality of contrast media (CM) in the pathogenesis of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has been suggested by studies comparing high osmolality CM (>1500... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The role of osmolality of contrast media (CM) in the pathogenesis of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has been suggested by studies comparing high osmolality CM (>1500 mOsm/kg) with low-osmolality CM (550-850 mOsm/kg), and by the results of a recent comparison of a CM isotonic to plasma (iodixanol, 290 mOsm/kg) with a low-osmolality CM (iohexol, 844 mOsm/kg) in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac or peripheral angiography.
METHODS
Using prospectively defined search criteria, we performed a systematic overview of prospective, randomized, controlled studies of CIN in renally impaired patients receiving intra-arterial doses of iodixanol or low-osmolality, nonionic CM, and conducted a systematic review of the data from those studies to determine whether the osmolality of CM was predictive of CIN incidence.
RESULTS
Seventeen primary studies met the selection criteria, for a total of 1365 patients. Overall, the incidence of CIN was 16.8%. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that the risk of CIN is similar with the iso-osmolality iodixanol and the low-osmolality iopamidol (796 mOsm/kg). The risk of CIN was significantly lower with iodixanol and iopamidol compared to iohexol. The incidence of CIN with iohexol was also significantly higher than with iopamidol, despite their similar osmolalities.
CONCLUSION
These data suggest that factors other than osmolality play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CIN, at least for agents with osmolalities of 800 mOsm/kg or less.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Contrast Media; Humans; Incidence; Iohexol; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Osmolar Concentration; Risk Factors; Triiodobenzoic Acids
PubMed: 16221227
DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00684.x -
Medicine May 2023We aimed to report the incidence and severity of nonionic low-osmolar iodine contrast medium (ICM)-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the Republic of Korea, by... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
We aimed to report the incidence and severity of nonionic low-osmolar iodine contrast medium (ICM)-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the Republic of Korea, by analyzing data from our single tertiary institution and published Korean reports, and to determine whether there is a difference in the incidence of ICM-related ADR by ICM generics. A total of 1,161,419 consecutive contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) examinations between January 2016 and December 2021 at Asan Medical Center were included. A systematic search of the literature investigating the incidence of ICM-related ADR in the Republic of Korea published up to December 31, 2021 was performed. We pooled these outcomes with those of our study using a binomial-normal model, and the pooled incidences of ADRs were compared among ICM generics using chi-square tests. Seven studies with a total of 2,570,986 contrast-enhanced CT examinations from 12 institutions were included. The pooled incidences of overall, mild, moderate, and severe ICM-related ADRs in the Republic of Korea were 0.82% (95% CI: 0.61%-1.10%), 0.72% (95% CI: 0.50%-1.04%), 0.11% (95% CI: 0.08%-0.15%), and 0.013% (95% CI: 0.010%-0.018%), respectively. In multiple pairwise comparisons, there were no significant differences in the overall incidence of ADRs between ICM generics, except iomeprol versus iobitridol and iomeprol versus iohexol. For moderate and severe ADRs, there were no significant differences in ADR incidence between ICM generics. The incidence of moderate and severe ICM-related ADRs did not differ among ICM generics. Our results suggest that no restriction is required for selection among nonionic low-osmolar ICMs.
Topics: Humans; Contrast Media; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Incidence; Iodine; Republic of Korea
PubMed: 37171360
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000033717