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International Journal of Oral and... Oct 2022The aim of this systematic review was to review the literature on hearing impairment and ear anomalies in patients with craniofacial microsomia and to determine their... (Review)
Review
The aim of this systematic review was to review the literature on hearing impairment and ear anomalies in patients with craniofacial microsomia and to determine their prevalence. Sixty-two records including 5122 patients were included. Ear anomalies were present in 52-100% of patients. The most reported external ear malformations were microtia, pre-auricular tags, and atresia of the external auditory canal. Ossicular anomalies were the most reported middle ear malformations, whereas the most reported inner ear malformations included oval window anomalies, cochlear anomalies, and anomalies of the semicircular canals. Hearing loss in general was reported in 29-100% of patients, which comprised conductive hearing loss, mixed hearing loss, and sensorineural hearing loss. Between 21% and 51% of patients used hearing aids, and 58% underwent a surgical intervention to improve hearing. The relationship between different phenotypes of craniofacial microsomia and the type and severity of hearing loss is mostly unclear. In conclusion, the high prevalence of ear and hearing anomalies in patients with craniofacial microsomia underlines the importance of audiological screening in order to facilitate individual treatment.
Topics: Goldenhar Syndrome; Hearing Loss; Hearing Loss, Conductive; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural; Humans; Phenotype; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35125269
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2022.01.005 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... Sep 2022To systematically review literature on therapeutic options for treating hemifacial microsomia (HFM), in young patients with growth potential, classifying and comparing...
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review literature on therapeutic options for treating hemifacial microsomia (HFM), in young patients with growth potential, classifying and comparing the different dentofacial treatment methods.
STUDY DESIGN
An independent review of databases (Scopus, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library and PubMed) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), conducted by four evaluators. The protocol of this study was registered in International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), under the number CRD42021293076.
RESULTS
Between 1970-2021, a total number of 1137 articles were published of which 27 were included in this study according to the selection criteria: one randomized multicentric trial, two case-control studies, three case series and 21 case reports.
CONCLUSIONS
The most common orthopedic treatments provide vertical stimulation of the maxillary process in the affected side. Orthodontic approaches are mainly applied for vertical correction and stabilization of the occlusal plane. Other treatment options include orthognathic surgery, osteogenic distraction, temporomandibular reconstruction and grafting. It is recommended that prospective clinical randomized controlled studies be conducted using homogeneous pediatric groups with long-term follow-up, to establish recommended evidence-based methods for treating each set of hemifacial microsomia symptoms.
Topics: Humans; Child; Goldenhar Syndrome; Facial Asymmetry; Treatment Outcome; Retrospective Studies; Prospective Studies; Mandible; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 36624910
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2022.003 -
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research Feb 2020To provide an overview on the prevalence and types of dental anomalies in patients with craniofacial microsomia (CFM). Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria were...
OBJECTIVE
To provide an overview on the prevalence and types of dental anomalies in patients with craniofacial microsomia (CFM). Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria were CFM and dental anomalies. The following data were extracted: number of patients, methodology, mean age, sex, affected side, severity of mandibular hypoplasia, dentition stage and dental anomalies.
INFORMATION SOURCES
Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE Ovid, Web of Science, CINAHL EBSCOhost and Google Scholar, searched until the 30 August 2019. Risk of bias: The quality was examined with the OCEBM Levels of Evidence.
INCLUDED STUDIES
In total, 13 papers were included: four retrospective cohort studies, four prospective cohort studies, four case-control studies and one case series. Synthesis of results: The studies reported information on dental agenesis, delayed dental development, tooth size anomalies, tooth morphology and other dental anomalies. Description of the effect: Dental anomalies are more often diagnosed in patients with CFM than in healthy controls and occur more often on the affected than on the non-affected side. Strengths and limitations of evidence: This is the first systematic review study on dental anomalies in CFM. However, most articles were of low quality.
INTERPRETATION
Dental anomalies are common in CFM, which might be linked to the development of CFM. The pathophysiology of CFM is not entirely clear, and further research is needed.
Topics: Anodontia; Goldenhar Syndrome; Humans; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 31608577
DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12351 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Jan 2024This review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on velopharyngeal insufficiency, associated anomalies, and speech/language impairment in patients with... (Review)
Review
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on velopharyngeal insufficiency, associated anomalies, and speech/language impairment in patients with craniofacial microsomia (CFM). A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify records on VPI and speech impairment in CFM from their inception until September 2022 within the databases Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, Ovid, CINAHL EBSCO, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Seventeen articles were included, analysing 1,253 patients. Velopharyngeal insufficiency results in hypernasality can lead to speech impairment. The reported prevalence of both velopharyngeal insufficiency and hypernasality ranged between 12.5% and 55%, while the reported prevalence of speech impairment in patients with CFM varied between 35.4% and 74%. Language problems were reported in 37% to 50% of patients. Speech therapy was documented in 45.5% to 59.6% of patients, while surgical treatment for velopharyngeal insufficiency consisted of pharyngeal flap surgery or pharyngoplasty and was reported in 31.6% to 100%. Cleft lip and/or palate was reported in 10% to 100% of patients with CFM; these patients were found to have worse speech results than those without cleft lip and/or palate. No consensus was found on patient characteristics associated with an increased risk of velopharyngeal insufficiency and speech/language impairment. Although velopharyngeal insufficiency is a less commonly reported characteristic of CFM than other malformations, it can cause speech impairment, which may contribute to delayed language development in patients with CFM. Therefore, timely recognition and treatment of speech impairment is essential.
Topics: Humans; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Goldenhar Syndrome; Language Development Disorders; Retrospective Studies; Speech; Speech Disorders; Treatment Outcome; Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
PubMed: 38057178
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2023.09.008