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Microbial Biotechnology Oct 2022There was inconsistent evidence regarding the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for microorganism... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
There was inconsistent evidence regarding the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for microorganism identification with/without antibiotic stewardship team (AST) and the clinical outcome of patients with bloodstream infections (BSI). In a systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the effectiveness of rapid microbial identification by MALDI-TOF MS with and without AST on clinical outcomes. We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases from inception to 1 February 2022 to identify pre-post and parallel comparative studies that evaluated the use of MALDI-TOF MS for microorganism identification. Pooled effect estimates were derived using the random-effects model. Twenty-one studies with 14,515 patients were meta-analysed. Compared with conventional phenotypic methods, MALDI-TOF MS was associated with a 23% reduction in mortality (RR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66; 0.90; I = 35.9%; 13 studies); 5.07-h reduction in time to effective antibiotic therapy (95% CI: -5.83; -4.31; I = 95.7%); 22.86-h reduction in time to identify microorganisms (95% CI: -23.99; -21.74; I = 91.6%); 0.73-day reduction in hospital stay (95% CI: -1.30; -0.16; I = 53.1%); and US$4140 saving in direct hospitalization cost (95% CI: $-8166.75; $-113.60; I = 66.1%). No significant heterogeneity sources were found, and no statistical evidence for publication bias was found. Rapid pathogen identification by MALDI-TOF MS with or without AST was associated with reduced mortality and improved outcomes of BSI, and may be cost-effective among patients with BSI.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Costs and Cost Analysis; Humans; Sepsis; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Time Factors
PubMed: 35921430
DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14124 -
Metabolites Sep 2022The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can provide important clinical information (entirely non-invasively); however, the exact extent to which VOCs from... (Review)
Review
The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can provide important clinical information (entirely non-invasively); however, the exact extent to which VOCs from human skin can be signatures of health and disease is unknown. This systematic review summarises the published literature concerning the methodology, application, and volatile profiles of skin VOC studies. An online literature search was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, to identify human skin VOC studies using untargeted mass spectrometry (MS) methods. The principal outcome was chemically verified VOCs detected from the skin. Each VOC was cross-referenced using the CAS number against the Human Metabolome and KEGG databases to evaluate biological origins. A total of 29 studies identified 822 skin VOCs from 935 participants. Skin VOCs were commonly sampled from the hand ( = 9) or forearm ( = 7) using an absorbent patch ( = 15) with analysis by gas chromatography MS ( = 23). Twenty-two studies profiled the skin VOCs of healthy subjects, demonstrating a volatolome consisting of aldehydes (18%), carboxylic acids (12%), alkanes (12%), fatty alcohols (9%), ketones (7%), benzenes and derivatives (6%), alkenes (2%), and menthane monoterpenoids (2%). Of the VOCs identified, 13% had putative endogenous origins, 46% had tentative exogenous origins, and 40% were metabolites from mixed metabolic pathways. This review has comprehensively profiled the human skin volatolome, demonstrating the presence of a distinct VOC signature of healthy skin, which can be used as a reference for future researchers seeking to unlock the clinical potential of skin volatolomics. As significant proportions of identified VOCs have putative exogenous origins, strategies to minimise their presence through methodological refinements and identifying confounding compounds are discussed.
PubMed: 36144228
DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090824 -
Parasites & Vectors May 2019Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) has become a widely used technique for the rapid and accurate...
BACKGROUND
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) has become a widely used technique for the rapid and accurate identification of bacteria, mycobacteria and certain fungal pathogens in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Thus far, only few attempts have been made to apply the technique in clinical parasitology, particularly regarding helminth identification.
METHODS
We systematically reviewed the scientific literature on studies pertaining to MALDI-TOF MS as a diagnostic technique for helminths (cestodes, nematodes and trematodes) of medical and veterinary importance. Readily available electronic databases (i.e. PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Google Scholar) were searched from inception to 10 October 2018, without restriction on year of publication or language. The titles and abstracts of studies were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers. Relevant articles were read in full and included in the systematic review.
RESULTS
A total of 84 peer-reviewed articles were considered for the final analysis. Most papers reported on the application of MALDI-TOF for the study of Caenorhabditis elegans, and the technique was primarily used for identification of specific proteins rather than entire pathogens. Since 2015, a small number of studies documented the successful use of MALDI-TOF MS for species-specific identification of nematodes of human and veterinary importance, such as Trichinella spp. and Dirofilaria spp. However, the quality of available data and the number of examined helminth samples was low.
CONCLUSIONS
Data on the use of MALDI-TOF MS for the diagnosis of helminths are scarce, but recent evidence suggests a potential role for a reliable identification of nematodes. Future research should explore the diagnostic accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS for identification of (i) adult helminths, larvae and eggs shed in faecal samples; and (ii) helminth-related proteins that are detectable in serum or body fluids of infected individuals.
Topics: Animals; Cestode Infections; Helminthiasis; Helminthiasis, Animal; Humans; Mice; Neglected Diseases; Nematode Infections; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Trematode Infections
PubMed: 31101120
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3493-9 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Oct 2022Dabigatran etexilate is an oral direct thrombin inhibitor used in preventing thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation and several other conditions. Routine... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Dabigatran etexilate is an oral direct thrombin inhibitor used in preventing thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation and several other conditions. Routine dabigatran concentration monitoring is not recommended in clinical practice; however, measurement of dabigatran concentration may be required in several conditions. This study aims to pool the peak and trough dabigatran concentration from real-world studies. A systematic review was performed to identify studies that measured the peak and trough dabigatran concentrations. Observational studies reporting dabigatran peak or trough concentrations and patients' clinical characteristics of either sex, age or weight were included. Random-effect meta-analyses and metaregression were conducted to pool dabigatran concentrations and to identify the correlation between factors affecting dabigatran concentrations. Fifteen studies with a total of 1226 patients were included. The pooled peak dabigatran concentration was 133 ng/mL (95% CI: 113-154, I = 86%, n = 655), while the pooled dabigatran trough concentration was 80 ng/mL (95% CI: 69-91, I = 93%, n = 1010). Metaregression analyses suggested that age is significantly correlated to trough concentration, while body weight and creatinine clearance significantly correlated to peak concentration. Subgroup results revealed that dabigatran concentration when measured with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was higher than haemoclot thrombin inhibitor assay. Several guidelines have proposed dabigatran concentrations target range and the pooled dabigatran concentrations were in line with the suggested range. Further studies to correlate dabigatran concentrations and clinical outcomes is warranted to improve the safety and efficacy monitoring of dabigatran therapy.
Topics: Adult; Antithrombins; Atrial Fibrillation; Blood Coagulation Tests; Chromatography, Liquid; Dabigatran; Humans
PubMed: 35665523
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15431 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Mass spectrometry imaging is a sensitive method for detecting molecules in tissues in their native form. Lipids mainly act as energy stores and membrane constituents,... (Review)
Review
Mass spectrometry imaging is a sensitive method for detecting molecules in tissues in their native form. Lipids mainly act as energy stores and membrane constituents, but they also play a role in lipid signaling. Previous studies have suggested an important role of lipids in implantation; therefore, our aim was to investigate the lipid changes during this period based on the available literature. The systematic literature search was performed on Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, and LILACS. We included studies about lipid changes in the early embryonal stage of healthy mammalian development published as mass spectrometry imaging. The search retrieved 917 articles without duplicates, and five articles were included in the narrative synthesis of the results. Two articles found a different spatial distribution of lipids in the early bovine embryo and receptive uterus. Three articles investigated lipids in mice in the peri-implantation period and found a different spatial distribution of several glycerophospholipids in both embryonic and maternal tissues. Although only five studies from three different research groups were included in this systematic review, it is clear that the spatial distribution of lipids is diverse in different tissues and their distribution varies from day to day. This may be a key factor in successful implantation, but further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanism.
PubMed: 36676119
DOI: 10.3390/life13010169 -
RSC Advances Nov 2019Given the highly increased incidence of human diseases, a better understanding of the related mechanisms regarding endogenous metabolism is urgently needed. Mass... (Review)
Review
Given the highly increased incidence of human diseases, a better understanding of the related mechanisms regarding endogenous metabolism is urgently needed. Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has been used in a variety of disease research areas. However, the deep research of metabolites remains a difficult and lengthy process. Fortunately, mass spectrometry is considered to be a universal tool with high specificity and sensitivity and is widely used around the world. Mass spectrometry technology has been applied to various basic disciplines, providing technical support for the discovery and identification of endogenous substances in living organisms. The combination of metabolomics and mass spectrometry is of great significance for the discovery and identification of metabolite biomarkers. The mass spectrometry tool could further improve and develop the exploratory research of the life sciences. This mini review discusses metabolomics biotechnology with a focus on recent applications of metabolomics as a powerful tool to elucidate metabolic disturbances and the related mechanisms of diseases.
PubMed: 35542267
DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06697g -
The Journal of Nutrition Mar 2016Randomized controlled trial (RCT) data on the response of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in healthy participants consuming UV light-exposed edible mushrooms... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Effect of Ultraviolet Light-Exposed Mushrooms on Vitamin D Status: Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Reanalysis of Biobanked Sera from a Randomized Controlled Trial and a Systematic Review plus Meta-Analysis.
BACKGROUND
Randomized controlled trial (RCT) data on the response of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in healthy participants consuming UV light-exposed edible mushrooms are limited and mixed.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of responses of serum 25(OH)D [and serum 25-hydroxyergocalciferol, 25(OH)D2, and serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, 25(OH)D3, if available] to consumption of UV-exposed mushrooms by healthy participants. Biobanked sera from one RCT (originally analyzed by immunoassay) were reanalyzed by LC-MS/MS to generate serum 25(OH)D2 and serum 25(OH)D3 data.
METHODS
Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL were searched for RCTs of UV-exposed mushrooms and data on serum 25(OH)D. Studies were screened for eligibility, and relevant data were extracted. Serum 25(OH)D data were re-analyzed by ANOVA and paired t tests.
RESULTS
Our structured search yielded 6 RCTs meeting our inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of all 6 RCTs showed serum 25(OH)D was not significantly increased (P = 0.12) by UV-exposed mushrooms, but there was high heterogeneity (I(2) = 87%). Including only the 3 European-based RCTs [mean baseline 25(OH)D, 38.6 nmol/L], serum 25(OH)D was increased significantly by UV-exposed mushrooms [weighted mean difference (WMD): 15.2 nmol/L; 95% CI: 1.5, 28.8 nmol/L, P = 0.03, I(2) = 88%], whereas there was no significant effect in the 3 US-based RCTs [P = 0.83; mean baseline 25(OH)D: 81.5 nmol/L]. Analysis of serum 25(OH)D2 and serum 25(OH)D3 (n = 5 RCTs) revealed a statistically significant increase (WMD: 20.6 nmol/L; 95% CI: 8.0, 33.3 nmol/L, P = 0.001, I(2 =) 99%) and decrease (WMD: -13.3 nmol/L; 95% CI: -15.8, -10.7 nmol/L, P < 0.00001, I(2) = 0%) after supplementation with UV-exposed mushrooms.
CONCLUSIONS
Consumption of UV-exposed mushrooms may increase serum 25(OH)D when baseline vitamin D status is low via an increase in 25(OH)D2 (24.2 nmol/L) and despite a concomitant but relatively smaller reduction in 25(OH)D3 (-12.6 nmol/L). When baseline vitamin D status is high, the mean increase in 25(OH)D2 (18.3 nmol/L) and a relatively similar reduction in 25(OH)D3 (-13.6 nmol/L) may explain the lack of effect on serum 25(OH)D.
Topics: Agaricales; Chromatography, Liquid; Databases, Factual; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin D
PubMed: 26865648
DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.223784 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Primary aldosteronism (PA) is currently considered the most common cause of secondary and endocrine hypertension. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Clinical diagnostic value of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for primary aldosteronism in patients with hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is currently considered the most common cause of secondary and endocrine hypertension. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as a new detection technique has been gradually applied in the diagnosis of PA. However, the diagnostic value of LC-MS/MS methods for PA has not been systematically clinically validated. The aim was to access the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of LC-MS/MS methods as screening tools in PA.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A literature search of PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Chinese databases was carried out to June 2022 with no language restriction. Data on sensitivity and specificity and other evaluation indicators were extracted and pooled with STATA and Meta-disc software. Heterogeneity was evaluated and meta-regression and subgroup analysis was performed to elucidate sources of heterogeneity.
RESULTS
12 studies of the diagnostic test were suitable and included in the meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.93), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82-0.91), and 55 (95% CI: 28-110), respectively. Subgroup analysis assessed the diagnostic power of LC-MS/MS based on the type of detection index. ARR and PAC based on LC-MS/MS methods have the higher diagnostic value compared with other indices, diagnostic odds ratios were 121.65 (95% CI: 36.28-407.98) and 49.85 (95% CI: 24.87-99.93). There was considerable heterogeneity among studies.
CONCLUSION
LC-MS/MS methods had higher accuracy and reliability in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. LC-MS/MS-based ARR and PAC can be further promoted and applied in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.
Topics: Humans; Chromatography, Liquid; Reproducibility of Results; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Hypertension; Hyperaldosteronism
PubMed: 36465649
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1032070 -
Neuropsychopharmacology Reports Mar 2022Metabolomics has been attracting attention in recent years as an objective method for diagnosing schizophrenia. In this study, we analyzed 378 metabolites in the serum...
Searching for biomarkers in schizophrenia and psychosis: Case-control study using capillary electrophoresis and liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry and systematic review for biofluid metabolites.
Metabolomics has been attracting attention in recent years as an objective method for diagnosing schizophrenia. In this study, we analyzed 378 metabolites in the serum of schizophrenia patients using capillary electrophoresis- and liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Using multivariate analysis with the orthogonal partial least squares method, we observed significantly higher levels of alanine, glutamate, lactic acid, ornithine, and serine and significantly lower levels of urea, in patients with chronic schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. Additionally, levels of fatty acids (15:0), (17:0), and (19:1), cis-11-eicosenoic acid, and thyroxine were significantly higher in patients with acute psychosis than in those in remission. Moreover, we conducted a systematic review of comprehensive metabolomics studies on schizophrenia over the last 20 years and observed consistent trends of increase in some metabolites such as glutamate and glucose, and decrease in citrate in schizophrenia patients across several studies. Hence, we provide substantial evidence for metabolic biomarkers in schizophrenia patients through our metabolomics study.
Topics: Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Chromatography, Liquid; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 34889082
DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12223 -
Journal of Cellular and Molecular... May 2017Advances in mass spectrometry technologies have created new opportunities for discovering novel protein biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We performed a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Advances in mass spectrometry technologies have created new opportunities for discovering novel protein biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We performed a systematic review of published reports on proteomic biomarkers identified in SLE patients using mass spectrometry-based proteomics and highlight their potential disease association and clinical utility. Two electronic databases, MEDLINE and EMBASE, were systematically searched up to July 2015. The methodological quality of studies included in the review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Twenty-five studies were included in the review, identifying 241 SLE candidate proteomic biomarkers related to various aspects of the disease including disease diagnosis and activity or pinpointing specific organ involvement. Furthermore, 13 of the 25 studies validated their results for a selected number of biomarkers in an independent cohort, resulting in the validation of 28 candidate biomarkers. It is noteworthy that 11 candidate biomarkers were identified in more than one study. A significant number of potential proteomic biomarkers that are related to a number of aspects of SLE have been identified using mass spectrometry proteomic approaches. However, further studies are required to assess the utility of these biomarkers in routine clinical practice.
Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Mass Spectrometry; Proteomics
PubMed: 27878954
DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13031