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International Breastfeeding Journal Aug 2020Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is recommended for the first six months of age by the World Health Organization. Mothers' good knowledge and positive attitude play key... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is recommended for the first six months of age by the World Health Organization. Mothers' good knowledge and positive attitude play key roles in the process of exclusive breastfeeding practices. In this study, we report on a systematic review of the literature that aimed to examine the status of mothers' knowledge, attitude, and practices related to exclusive breastfeeding in East Africa, so as to provide clues on what can be done to improve exclusive breastfeeding.
METHODS
A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature was performed. The search for literature was conducted utilizing six electronic databases, Pub med, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase, Science Direct, and Cochrane library, for studies published in English from January 2000 to June 2019 and conducted in East Africa. Studies focused on mothers' knowledge, attitudes, or practices related to exclusive breastfeeding. All papers were reviewed using a predesigned data extraction form.
RESULTS
Sixteen studies were included in the review. This review indicates that almost 96.2% of mothers had ever heard about EBF, 84.4% were aware of EBF, and 49.2% knew that the duration of EBF was the first six months only. In addition, 42.1% of mothers disagreed and 24.0% strongly disagreed that giving breast milk for a newborn immediately and within an hour is important, and 47.9% disagreed that discarding the colostrum is important. However, 42.0% of mothers preferred to feed their babies for the first six months breast milk alone. In contrast, 55.9% of them had practiced exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months.
CONCLUSIONS
Exclusively breastfeeding among our sample is suboptimal, compared to the current WHO recommendations. Thus, it is important to provide antenatal and early postpartum education and periodical breastfeeding counseling, to improve maternal attitudes and knowledge toward breastfeeding practices.
Topics: Adult; Africa, Eastern; Breast Feeding; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Mothers; Pregnancy; Young Adult
PubMed: 32795377
DOI: 10.1186/s13006-020-00313-9 -
Maternal & Child Nutrition Oct 2020This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between maternal overnutrition and offspring's insulin sensitivity-following the Preferred... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between maternal overnutrition and offspring's insulin sensitivity-following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. Studies published in English before April 22, 2019, were identified through searches of four medical databases. After selection, 15 studies aiming to explore the association between prepregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) or gestational weight gain (GWG) of non-diabetic mothers and their offspring's insulin sensitivity (fasting insulin or glucose level and Homeostatic Measurement Assessment for Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR]) were included in the meta-analysis. Associations of ppBMI and GWG with offspring's insulin sensitivity were analysed by pooling regression coefficients or standardized differences in means with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Maternal ppBMI showed significant positive correlations with the level of both fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in offspring (standardized regression coefficient for fasting insulin: 0.107, CI [0.053, 0.160], p < 0.001 and that for HOMA-IR: 0.063, CI [0.006, 0.121], p = 0.031). However, the result of the analysis on coefficients adjusted for offspring's actual anthropometry (BMI and adiposity) was not significant. Independent from ppBMI, GWG tended to show a positive correlation with insulin level, but not after adjustment for offspring's anthropometry. Offspring of mothers with excessive GWG showed significantly higher HOMA-IR than those of mothers with optimal GWG (p = 0.004). Our results demonstrate that both higher ppBMI and GWG increase the risk of offspring's insulin resistance, but the effect of ppBMI on insulin sensitivity in offspring may develop as consequence of their adiposity.
Topics: Body Mass Index; Female; Gestational Weight Gain; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Mothers; Obesity
PubMed: 32567808
DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13031 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2022Although numerous studies have found that maternal anxiety is a risk factor for the development of children's problem behaviors, and there is a possible role of genes in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Although numerous studies have found that maternal anxiety is a risk factor for the development of children's problem behaviors, and there is a possible role of genes in the association between the two. And anxious mothers caring for their children can also affect the development of children's problem behaviors. However, there is also considerable evidence from studies that refute this view. This study used a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between maternal anxiety and preschool children's problem behaviors. Through literature retrieval and selection, in terms of the criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis, 88 independent effect sizes (34 studies, 295,032 participants) were picked out as meta-analysis units. The test for heterogeneity illustrated that there was significant heterogeneity in 88 independent effect sizes, while the random effects model was an appropriate model for the subsequent meta-analysis. The publication bias test indicated that the impact of publication bias was modest but the major findings remained valid. In addition, in terms of the tentative review analysis and research hypotheses, the random effects model was used as a meta-analysis model. The research revealed that maternal anxiety was significantly positively correlated with preschool children's internalizing problem behaviors, externalizing problem behaviors, and overall problem behaviors. The moderating effect analysis showed that region and gender of the child affected the relationship between maternal anxiety and children's internalizing problem behaviors and externalizing problem behaviors, and region, child's age and gender, mother's age, and education level affected maternal anxiety and preschool children's problems behavioral relationship. Hence, these results affirmed the role of maternal anxiety and emphasized the need to pay attention to the demographic characteristics and cultural background of the subjects during the research process and consider the generalizability of the conclusions under different circumstances.
Topics: Anxiety; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Mothers; Problem Behavior
PubMed: 36078827
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711106 -
Bulletin of the World Health... Aug 2011To investigate the relationship between maternal depression and child growth in developing countries through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between maternal depression and child growth in developing countries through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Six databases were searched for studies from developing countries on maternal depression and child growth published up until 2010. Standard meta-analytical methods were followed and pooled odds ratios (ORs) for underweight and stunting in the children of depressed mothers were calculated using random effects models for all studies and for subsets of studies that met strict criteria on study design, exposure to maternal depression and outcome variables. The population attributable risk (PAR) was estimated for selected studies.
FINDINGS
Seventeen studies including a total of 13,923 mother and child pairs from 11 countries met inclusion criteria. The children of mothers with depression or depressive symptoms were more likely to be underweight (OR: 1.5; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.2-1.8) or stunted (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2-1.7). Subanalysis of three longitudinal studies showed a stronger effect: the OR for underweight was 2.2 (95% CI: 1.5-3.2) and for stunting, 2.0 (95% CI: 1.0-3.9). The PAR for selected studies indicated that if the infant population were entirely unexposed to maternal depressive symptoms 23% to 29% fewer children would be underweight or stunted.
CONCLUSION
Maternal depression was associated with early childhood underweight and stunting. Rigorous prospective studies are needed to identify mechanisms and causes. Early identification, treatment and prevention of maternal depression may help reduce child stunting and underweight in developing countries.
Topics: Child Development; Child, Preschool; Depression; Developing Countries; Female; Humans; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers
PubMed: 21836759
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.11.088187 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Oct 2023: Respectful maternity care promotes practices that acknowledge women's preferences and women and newborns' needs. It is an individual-centered strategy founded on... (Review)
Review
: Respectful maternity care promotes practices that acknowledge women's preferences and women and newborns' needs. It is an individual-centered strategy founded on ethical and human rights principles. The objective of this systematic review is to identify the impact of income on maternal care and respectful maternity care in low- and middle-income countries. : Data were searched from Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, NCBI, CINAHL, National Library of Medicine, ResearchGate, MEDLINE, EMBASE database, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Maternity and Infant Care database. This review followed PRISMA guidelines. The initial search for publications comparing low- and middle-income countries with respectful maternity care yielded 6000 papers, from which 700 were selected. The review articles were further analyzed to ensure they were pertinent to the comparative impact of income on maternal care. A total of 24 articles were included, with preference given to those published from 2010 to 2023 during the last fourteen years. : Considering this study's findings, respectful maternity care is a crucial component of high-quality care and human rights. It can be estimated that there is a direct association between income and maternity care in LMICs, and maternity care is substandard compared to high-income countries. Moreover, it is determined that the evidence for medical tools that can enhance respectful maternity care is sparse. : This review highlights the significance of improving maternal care experiences, emphasizing the importance of promoting respectful practices and addressing disparities in low- and middle-income countries.
Topics: United States; Infant; Female; Pregnancy; Infant, Newborn; Humans; Maternal Health Services; Developing Countries; Quality of Health Care; Income; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 37893560
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101842 -
Association of maternal AGTR1 polymorphisms and preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of Maternal-fetal &... Dec 2012Systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between maternal AGTR1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and preeclampsia (PE). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between maternal AGTR1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and preeclampsia (PE).
METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and HuGE Literature Finder databases. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Summary odds ratios (ORs) for the allelic and genotypic contrasts were calculated and compared to indicate the most appropriate genetic model for the polymorphism of interest. Among-study heterogeneity was assessed using the I(2) statistic and publication bias was evaluated visually using funnel plots.
RESULTS
Seven maternal SNPs investigated with PE were found, but only AGTR1 +1166A>C accumulated sufficient evidence for meta-analysis. Summary ORs calculated from eight studies (10 populations involving 845 PE cases and 1150 controls) did not reveal an association between the +1166A>C polymorphism and PE (allelic OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.96-1.47). No evidence of publication bias and among-study heterogeneity was detected.
CONCLUSIONS
meta-analysis findings did not support AGTR1 +1166A>C as a susceptibility locus for PE. Other AGTR1 SNPs require more study.
Topics: Female; Genetic Association Studies; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; Mothers; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
PubMed: 22758920
DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2012.708370 -
Maternal and Child Health Journal Jun 2021Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders can have far reaching negative impact on both maternal mental health and child growth and development. Multimodal group parenting... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders can have far reaching negative impact on both maternal mental health and child growth and development. Multimodal group parenting programs have been shown to improve maternal mental health symptoms however, they are often costly to provide and not accessible to many mothers, especially those mothers suffering from mental health symptoms. Therefore, the authors sought to answer the following question by undertaking a systematic review of the literature: are parenting interventions aimed at improving maternal-child interaction also a way to address mental health symptoms (i.e. depression, anxiety, stress) in mothers?
METHODS
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. An online platform that supports the systematic review process and quality assessment according to Cochrane guidelines, Covidence, was used in conjunction with an adapted extraction tool to identify relevant studies and extract data for analysis.
RESULTS
11 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. There was great heterogeneity between study interventions and measurement of outcomes for maternal mental health symptoms which precluded meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION
Studies reviewed did not demonstrate consistent evidence to recommend that parenting interventions leads to improvement in maternal mental health symptoms for depression, anxiety or stress. However, there was evidence that participating in parenting programs does not worsen these symptoms and some encouraging evidence that alternative delivery methods, beyond face to face, could, with more research, lead to more financially feasible and sustainable models of delivery of these types of interventions in the future.
Topics: Anxiety; Female; Humans; Mental Health; Mother-Child Relations; Mothers; Parenting
PubMed: 33905064
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-021-03130-6 -
PloS One 2020Although substantial research exists on the debilitating effects of maternal depression on child development, little is known about Latina mothers with depression and...
BACKGROUND
Although substantial research exists on the debilitating effects of maternal depression on child development, little is known about Latina mothers with depression and their young children within the broader context of sociocultural and economic stressors.
OBJECTIVES
What is the relationship between maternal depression in Latina mothers and their children's socioemotional outcomes through early developmental windows (0-5 years)?
METHODS
We searched electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO in this systematic review, pre-registered via PROSPERO (CRD42019128686). Based on pre-determined criteria, we identified 56 studies and included 15 in the final sample. After extracting data, we assessed study quality with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.
RESULTS
We found inverse correlations between maternal depression and child socioemotional outcomes; furthermore, we found evidence of a moderating and mediating role of maternal depression between contextual stressors and child outcomes. Children of U.S.-born Latina mothers had poorer developmental outcomes than children of foreign-born Latina mothers across socioemotional domains and throughout early developmental windows.
CONCLUSIONS
Future research must examine underlying mechanisms for the potential Latino paradox in young Latino children's socioemotional outcomes. Policies should support mental health of Latina mothers as early as the prenatal period.
Topics: Adult; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Emotions; Female; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Maternal-Fetal Relations; Mental Health; Mothers; Poverty; Pregnancy; Social Behavior
PubMed: 32163494
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230256 -
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Jul 2007Breastfeeding behaviour is multifactorial, and a wide range of socio-cultural and physiological variables impact on a woman's decision and ability to breastfeed... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Breastfeeding behaviour is multifactorial, and a wide range of socio-cultural and physiological variables impact on a woman's decision and ability to breastfeed successfully. An association has been reported between maternal obesity and low breastfeeding rates. This is of public health concern because obesity is rising in women of reproductive age and the apparent association with increased artificial feeding will lead to a greater risk of obesity in children. The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between maternal overweight and obesity and breastfeeding intention and initiation and duration.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted in January and February 2007, using the following databases: Medline, CINAHL and the Australian Breastfeeding Association's Lactation Resource Centre. Studies which have examined maternal obesity and infant feeding intention, initiation, duration and delayed onset of lactation were tabulated and summarised.
RESULTS
Studies have found that obese women plan to breastfeed for a shorter period than normal weight women and are less likely to initiate breastfeeding. Of the four studies that examined onset of lactation, three reported a significant relationship between obesity and delayed lactogenesis. Fifteen studies, conducted in the USA, Australia, Denmark, Kuwait and Russia, have examined maternal obesity and duration of breastfeeding. The majority of large studies found that obese women breastfed for a shorter duration than normal weight women, even after adjusting for possible confounding factors.
CONCLUSION
There is evidence from epidemiological studies that overweight and obese women are less likely to breastfeed than normal weight women. The reasons may be biological or they may be psychological, behavioral and/or cultural. We urgently need qualitative studies from women's perspective to help us understand women in this situation and their infant feeding decisions and behaviour.
Topics: Adult; Australia; Body Mass Index; Breast Feeding; Denmark; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Infant Welfare; Infant, Newborn; Kuwait; Maternal Behavior; Mothers; Motivation; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Russia; United States
PubMed: 17608952
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-7-9 -
Journal of Obesity 2014To systematically review the evidence from prospective and retrospective cohort studies on the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and offspring's body... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To systematically review the evidence from prospective and retrospective cohort studies on the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and offspring's body weight.
METHODS
Electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Academic Search Premiere were searched from inception through March 18, 2013. Included studies (n = 23) were English articles that examined the independent associations of GWG with body mass index (BMI) and/or overweight status in the offspring aged 2 to 18.9 years. Two authors independently extracted the data and assessed methodological quality of the included studies.
RESULTS
Evidence from cohort studies supports that total GWG and exceeding the Institute of Medicine maternal weight gain recommendation were associated with higher BMI z-score and elevated risk of overweight or obesity in offspring. The evidence of high rate of GWG during early- and mid-pregnancy is suggestive. Additionally, the evidence on inadequate GWG and net GWG in relation to body weight outcomes in offspring is insufficient to draw conclusions.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that GWG is a potential risk factor for childhood obesity. However, findings should be interpreted with caution due to measurement issues of GWG and potential confounding effects of shared familial characteristics (i.e., genetics and maternal and child's lifestyle factors).
Topics: Adult; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Infant, Newborn; Male; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Mothers; Pediatric Obesity; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Weight Gain
PubMed: 25371815
DOI: 10.1155/2014/524939